I-pancreatitis - ukuvuvukala kwama-pancreas kungaba yinto yemvelo - lesi yisifo esizimele, ukugxila kwenqubo yokuvuvukala ku-gland uqobo kanye nemvelo yesibili ukuphendula okusebenzayo kwe-pancreas ekubeni khona kwenqubo ye-pathological ezithweni nasezithanjeni eziseduze.
Ngendlela yesibili yesifo, izinkomba ezibalulekile zekliniki ziyizimpawu zesifo esiyinhloko, kanti umtholampilo we-pancreatitis uqobo uvele ungene emuva (kanye nokunye ukugula okufana nakho, uma kuwumlando wesiguli).
Ukuhlukaniswa kwalesi sifo kuhlobo lokuqala nolwesibili kubaluleke kakhulu, ngoba kuhlose uchwepheshe wezokwelapha lesi sifo esiyimbangela, ngoba ngaphandle kokuqedwa kwawo akunakwenzeka ukufeza impumelelo ekwelashweni.
Cabanga ukuthi kungani i-pancreatitis yesibili ikhula, iziphi izimpawu ezihambisana nalesi sifo, ukuthi zelashwa kanjani?
Izimbangela ze-pancreatitis yesibili
Uhlobo olusebenzayo lwenqubo yokuvuvukala e-gland ukusabela kwesitho ekucasukeni kwemiselekazi ye-pancreatic. Ezithombeni eziningi zemitholampilo, isisusa esidonsayo ngukuphonswa kwe-bile kusuka esinyeni, ukuba khona kwe-calculi emigqonyeni noma esinyeni senyongo, ukukhuthaza ama-pancreas ngokuqukethwe kwe-acid esiswini.
I-pancreatitis yesibili engalapheki kwezinye izimo iba ngenxa ye-tumor neoplasms emzimbeni womuntu. Indawo yendawo yendawo yokugaya.
Kwesinye isikhathi isizathu sokuthuthuka kwe-pathology silele ekuhlanganisweni kwezici eziningana ezicasulayo eziholele ekucindezelweni kweziteshi ezivela ngaphandle. Isibonelo, ngenxa yokuvuvukala kwama-pancreas noma isimila, esikhuphuka bese siqala ukucindezela izicubu eziseduze. Kungaba ngumdlavuza we-duodenum, ama-ducts we-bile, noma i-pancreatitis ebangelwa yi-oncology.
Izimbangi ze-pancreatitis yesibili:
- Ukunyuka kwengcindezi ku-duodenum 12 (imbangela ngokushesha kungukulimala kwezilonda esiswini noma duodenum);
- Izinqubo zokutheleleka emzimbeni, izifo ezibangelwa yisinambuzane, amanye ama-bacterius ama-pathologies aholela enqubweni yokuvuvukala, ngenxa yalokho kwakheka i-pancreatitis;
- Ukuvalwa kwamisele yemisele nge-calculi (umthombo oyinhloko indlela yokubalwa kwe-cholecystitis);
- I-Reflux ye-bile ethelelekile (i-cholangitis - ukuvuvukala okunamandla emiseleni ye-bile);
- Ngokulimala kwesibindi ne-bile ducts, i-biliary (biliary-based) pancreatitis eba;
- Ukwephulwa kokuphuma kwe-bile nge-cholelithiasis (cholelithiasis).
Uma isiguli sine-pancreatosis, ikhodi ye-ICD-10 yi-K86.1, khona-ke izimpawu zesifo zimbozana. Ngokuqhekeka kwama-ducts e-bile, lesi sifo siziveza izinsuku ezimbalwa ngemuva kokuqala kwe-pathology eyisisekelo.
Izimpawu zishiwo futhi zikhanya, kufana nokuhlaselwa kakhulu kwe-pancreatitis. Ngezinqubo ezithathelwanayo emzimbeni, ukuvuvukala kwe-pancreatic kungenzeka ngohlobo lwe-latent, kube kubi kakhulu emuva kwamasonto angama-2-4.
Ukubonakaliswa kwemitholampilo
I-pancreatosis phakathi nenqubo yokuvuvukala imnene, ilinganiselwe futhi inzima. Esigabeni sokuqala salesi sifo, kutholakala izimpawu ze-exocrine kanye ne-intrasecretory.
I-pancreatitis ye-2nd degree ivele isinezimpawu zalokhu kuphazamiseka.
I-pancreatitis yeBanga le-3 ibonakala ngokuhudula okuqhubekayo nokuhlala isikhathi eside, ukukhathala komuntu okuqhubekayo kuyabonakala, izivivinyo zaselebhu zibonisa ukuntuleka kwamavithamini anenzuzo nezakhi zamaminerali.
Njengoba sekushiwo, umtholampilo uncike kwisifo esithile, ngokulandelana, sisuka esithweni esithintekile lapho izimpawu zizobakhona.
Ama-syndromes we-pancreatitis yesibili:
- Kubuhlungu. Umuzwa obuhlungu ubonwa endaweni ye-epigastric, kungenzeka esifundeni sebambo elifanele. Ngemuva kobuhlungu "buhamba" ngaphansi kwe-hypochondrium yesobunxele, ebonakala nge-herpes zoster. Imvamisa Ubuhlungu buqina ngokuya ngemuva kokuphuzwa kotshwala, ukudla - kukhula ngemuva kwamahora ambalwa.
- I-Digestive syndrome ihlotshaniswa nokuphulwa kokusebenza kohlelo lokugaya ukudla. Iziguli zikhononda njalo isicanucanu, ukugabha okuphindaphindiwe, ukunambitheka kobuhlungu emgodini womlomo. Ukwenyuka kwegesi okwandayo kuvame ukutholwa, izitulo ezikhululekile ziyahlangana nokuqunjelwa isikhathi eside. Izinkinga ziba zimbi ngemuva kokudla ukudla okunamafutha nezinongo.
- Isifo se-Intoxication sihambisana nobuthakathaka obukhulu, ukubekeka phansi nokudangala, ukunganaki. Ngokubonakaliswa okubuthakathaka, amandla okusebenza esiguli ayancipha, ukhala ngokukhathala okungapheli.
- Isifo sokushisa. Uma isiguli sinokutheleleka okuthelelekile kwama-ducts we-bile ngenxa ye-cholangitis, cholecystitis, nezinye izifo, kuvela isimo se-febrile. Izinga lokushisa elingaphansi kwe-subfebrile litholakala kuma-tumor neoplasms, i-hepatitis yegciwane (ukuxhumana nesiguli esigabeni esithile sokufuduka kuyathathelana).
Ngezimpawu ezinjalo, isiguli sihlala sitholakala sine-dysbiosis - isimo se-microflora yamathumbu, lapho kutholakala khona isibalo esanele samabhaktheriya azuzisayo kanye nokuqoqwa ngokweqile kwama-microorganisms we-pathogenic. I-dysbacteriosis ibonakaliswa ngenxa yokwehla komsebenzi wama-enzyme. Ngesikhathi sokuvuvukala okukhulu kwamanyikwe, angena egazini futhi awenzi imisebenzi yawo, ngokulandelana, ukudla kugaywe kahle, umzimba awunazo izakhi zomsoco. Ezindlwini kukhona imicu yesikhunta sesitshalo, amanoni amaningi.
Umtholampilo we-pancreatitis ungabonakali ngokungafani nesizinda sobunzima be-pathology engaphansi.
Esimweni esinjalo, kuyadingeka ukuthi kusetshenziswe izindlela zokuxilonga ezisizayo - izivivinyo zaselebhu kanye nokuhlolwa okwenziwa ngensimbi.
Ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa kwe-pancreatitis yesibili
Ukwelapha umuntu, udinga ukwenza ukuxilongwa okulungile. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa izindlela ezahlukahlukene zokucwaninga. Isiguli sinikela ngegazi ukuze kunqunywe i-amylase, umchamo wokutholwa kwe-diastase, izinga le-lipase empeleni linqunywa. I-Ultrasound isiza ukuthola ukuvuvukala kwezicubu ze-pancreatic, izindawo ezonakalisayo, ama-neoplasms, afanayo nama-cysts.
Njengezindlela ezingezelelweyo, kusetshenziswa i-radiography, i-MRI, i-computer ye-tomography kanye nokungenelela kokuhlinzwa (ngokwesibonelo, i-laparoscopy).
I-pancreatitis engapheli idinga ukuqokwa kwemithi. Kepha okokuqala, inhloso yokwelapha ukukala lesi sifo esiyimbangela. Lesi yisimo esiyinhloko sokwelashwa okuphumelelayo, ngoba uma ungawususi umthombo, ngeke ukwazi ukululama.
Ukwelashwa kokugada kuqala ngokudla, noma kunalokho, ukubulawa yindlala okuphelele, okunciphisa umthwalo kumanyikwe. Lesi sincomo sisebenza ngokufanele i-pancreatitis, i-cholecystitis eyingozi, isilonda se-peptic sesisu kanye ne-duodenum.
Njengoba ujusi wesisu uvuselela ukukhiqizwa kwama-enzyme wokugaya, kuyadingeka ukunciphisa i-acidity yawo. Kulokhu, ama-proton pump inhibitors nama-antacid ku-capsule kanye nefomu lethebhulethi amiselwe:
- U-Omez;
- I-Omeprazole;
- I-Pantoprazole;
- I-Lansoprazole.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-statin anqunyelwe ukusiza ukwehlisa i-cholesterol. Ucwaningo lwakamuva luveze ukuthi le mishanguzo ayithinti ama-pancreas, ngakho-ke angasetshenziselwa i-pancreatitis.
Ezenzweni zesimanje zokwelapha, kusetshenziswa izidakamizwa ze-antisecretory. Ukuthatha umuthi iSandostatin kugxile ekuvimbeleni ukucasulwa kwezindlala zangaphakathi. Amathebulethi anciphisa inani lezinkinga ze-pancreatitis, athuthukise inhlala-kahle yesiguli, kanye nokwanda kwesifo.
Sebenzisa imithi ye-antienzyme, ngokwesibonelo, i-Gordoks. Umuthi awunconywa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ukungabekezelelani komuntu ngamunye. Umuthi usetshenziswa kuphela ezimeni zokumiswa, ezilawulwa ngaphakathi.
Uma imbangela ilele ku-cholecystitis, cholangitis namanye ama-bacterium e-bacterium, khona-ke kunqunywe imishanguzo:
- Ama-Ampiok.
- I-Cefixime
- I-Chloramphenicol.
- I-Amoxiclav.
Uma isimila kufanele sisolwe, khona-ke ukwelashwa okulondoloziwe kuqondiswa ekuqaleni ukuze kuncishiswe ubunzima bokubonakala kwezokwelapha. Lapho behla, kwenziwa usizo lokungenelela olunamandla. Nge-ulcerative pathology, eyinkimbinkimbi yi-pancreatitis, ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa kuphela izinkomba ezibalulekile - ukopha, ukungena. Inkambo namasu okuphulukisa ahlala ehlukile, kuya ngesifo esiyimbangela. Ukulandela zonke izincomo zikadokotela kuphela okuzuzela ukuxolelwa okuzinzile.
Imininingwane nge-pancreatitis engapheli inikezwe kuvidiyo kule ndatshana.
