Ama-enzymes adingekayo ukuze kwehle ukudla okufika emzimbeni futhi kukhishwe izakhi ezibalulekile kuwo. I-Salivary, pancreas kanye ne-gall bladder kungasebenza kusebenze secretion. Ngenxa yalokhu, umuntu ugcwala zonke izitho zangaphakathi ezinezinto ezisebenzayo zokulandela umkhondo.
Uma kungekho ama-enzyme anele, umgudu wokugaya ukudla uyaphazamiseka. Ukudla kuleli cala akukwazi ukuwohloka, kuqala ukuqongelela futhi kwandise kakhulu umthwalo wamathumbu.
I-physiology yomuntu ophilile iwukuthi ama-enzyme e-proteinoly pancreas angahlanganiswa futhi angene amathumbu amancane. Ngakho-ke, ukudla kugaywa futhi kufakwe, izakhi zidilizwa phansi, bese ziguqulwa zibe ngamavithamini nama-amino acid, lo ngumsebenzi wesistimu yokugaya ukudla.
Ngabe ama-pancreas akhiqiza ama-enzymes enjani
Umzimba womuntu uhleleke ngendlela yokuthi i-enzyme ngayinye inomsebenzi wayo. Ama-pancreas asebenza ngokubambisana ne-gallder.
Lapho i-bile isesiswini esincane, kusebenza ama-enzyme. Ngokulandelayo, i-duodenum igcwele ujusi we-pancreatic. Le nto iqukethe i-mucus, amanzi, ama-bicarbonates kanye namaminerali, asiza ukunciphisa i-acidity yesisu.
Ama-enzymes amakhulu akhiqizwa ama-pancreas yi-amylase, lipase ne-proteinase. Kukhona nezinye izinhlobo zezinto ezisebenzayo.
- INuclease ibandakanyeka ekuqhekekeni kwama-nucleic acid, i-DNA ne-RNA, okuyisisekelo sokudla.
- Amaprotheni ngendlela ye-elastase asiza ukuphula amaprotheni aminyene ne-elastin. Ama-Trypsins nama-chymotrypsins, afana ne-gastric pepsin, kugaya amaprotheni okudla. Okubandakanyekile nenqubo yokugaya ama-carboxypeptidases.
- I-Amylases i-carbohydrate metabolism efanele, ukugaya i-glycogen nesitashi.
- I-Steapsins isiza ukwephula izicubu ezinamafutha.
- I-Lipase inethonya ngqo kuma-triglycerides; la mafutha ahlanganiswa ne-bile, esikhiqizwa yisibindi ku-lumen yamathumbu.
Amaprotheni asiza ukwephula amaprotheni abe ngama-peptides, emva kwalokho, kusetshenziswa i-carboxypeptidase, izakhi ezilula ziguqulwa zibe yi-amino acid futhi zingene emathunjini amancane. Inani lama-enzyme anjalo liyancipha ngeminyaka, futhi izinga labo lingancipha ngenxa yezifo ezithathelwanayo.
Ama-amylases abandakanyeka ekuqhekekeni kwe-carbohydrate eyinkimbinkimbi noma ama-polysaccharides kuya ku-dextrin ne-maltose. Ngemuva kwalokho, ukwakheka koshukela olulula - ushukela kanye ne-fructose, okungena ngaphakathi emathunjini. Iningi lama-amylase libonakala kumanyikwe, futhi le enzyme iyatholakala nasezindongeni ze-salivary.
Ama-lipases adiliza ama-molecule wamafutha, akha i-glycerin namafutha acid. Ngaphambi kokugaya, amafutha adilizwa yi-bile acids. Futhi, la ma-enzyme aguqula amavithamini E, D, A, K abe amandla.
Ngaphezu kokufakwa kwezakhi zomsoco, ama-enzyme e-pancreatic abandakanyeka ezinqubweni ze-metabolic nokuguqulwa, alawula i-glucose yegazi.
Futhi, isitho sangaphakathi siyakwazi ukukhiqiza izinto ezingama-hormone ezilawula amasu wezinto eziphilayo.
I-Pancreatic Impaired
Imvamisa, amanyikwe ayaphazamiseka lapho umuntu engayiqapheli impilo yakhe futhi ephila ngendlela eyingozi. Ikakhulu, i-pathology ingakhula uma isiguli sidla ukudla okungenampilo, singadli ohlelweni, futhi sisebenzisa kabi utshwala.
Nganoma yiziphi izimpawu ezisolisayo nemizwa ebuhlungu, kufanele uvakashele udokotela wezifo ze-gastroenterologist, uhlolwe ngokugcwele futhi uthole ukuthi yini ngempela ephazamisekile emzimbeni.
Uma imithetho yokudla okunempilo ingalandelwa, udokotela uvame ukuxilonga i-pancreatitis. Lesi sifo singaba nefomu elibi noma elingamahlalakhona.
- Uhlobo lwesifo esibi luyanda uma i-pancreas ingasebenzi kahle, futhi ama-enzyme akhiqizwayo acushiwe ngaphambi kwesimiso. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukuqhekeka kwe-gland uqobo kuqala. Umuntu uzwa izinhlungu ezinzima esiswini, umkhuhlane, ukugabha, ukukhubazeka esiswini. Kubalulekile ukufuna usizo lwezokwelashwa ngendlela esifike ngesikhathi ukuze ugweme izinkinga ezinkulu.
- I-pancreatitis engapheli iba ukukhula kancane, isiguli singakwazi ngisho nokuba khona kwalesi sifo. Kulesi simo, izicubu ze-pancreatic ziyabinakala, isitho sangaphakathi asicekeli inani elifanele lama-enzyme. Kulesi simo, isifo sikashukela sivame ukuvela ngenxa yokuntuleka kwe-insulin ye-hormone.
Izimpawu zanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwe-pancreatitis luhambisana ne-belching, flatulence, uhudo, izinhlungu kumanyikwe.
Ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwezinkinga, kubalulekile ukuqala ukwelashwa kwalesi sifo ngesikhathi, ngokushesha nje lapho kuvela izimpawu zokuqala ze-pancreatitis.
I-pancreatic enzyme assay
Ukuthola i-pathology, udokotela unquma ukuthi kuhlolwe igazi ngokuchichimayo, umchamo kanye ne-serum yegazi. Inhloso eyinhloko yokuxilongwa ukuhlonza izinga le-lipase, elastase ne-amylase. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi ngama-enzyme wesibindi kuyenziwa futhi.
Ama-serum amylase afundwe kakhulu. Uma ucwaningo lwe-enzymatic lubonisa izinga lama-amylase elingaphezu kwe-130, kungenzeka ukuthi umuntu ugule i-pancreatitis. Kuzinkomba 0-130, kudalulwa izinkinga zomsebenzi wamanyikwe. Uma okwejwayelekile kudlulwa ngemuva kokuhlolwa kwezifo ezintathu zokuxilonga, kutholakale uhlobo oluthile lwe-pancreatitis noma lwe-intestinal cosmetical.
I-serum yegazi isetshenziselwa ukunquma amazinga we-lipase. Lapho ama-pancreas elimele, izinga lama-enzyme lingakhuphuka ngamaphesenti angama-90. Uma izinga lijwayelekile, futhi i-amylase idluliwe, umuntu cishe unesifo esihlukile.
Usebenzisa i-biochemistry, udokotela uthola lesi sifo futhi ukhethe uhlobo lokwelashwa oludingekayo. Ukuthola idatha enembile, ukuzimisela kwezinga lama-enzyme kwenziwa esiswini esingenalutho ekuseni.
Uma kunesidingo, kuhlaziywa indle nomchamo futhi okwenziwa.
Ukwelashwa ngezidakamizwa
Namuhla kuthengisiwe kukhetho olubanzi lwazo zonke izinhlobo zemithi okuhloswe ngalo ukwelapha amanyikwe. Umphumela oyinhloko wezidakamizwa ezinjalo ukuphindisela ama-enzyme alahlekile.
Imithi inomehluko, kuye ngesakhiwo, indlela yokukhiqiza nendlela yokukhishwa. Izinto ezingavuthiwe eziyinhloko inkomo noma ingulube yenyama.
Kukhona nemithi ebandakanya i-bile. Kodwa lawo malungiselelo we-enzyme afakwa ku-pancreatitis eyingozi futhi engamahlalakhona, i-hepatitis, ulcer peptic kanye nokungasebenzi kahle kwe-duodenum, ukuvuvukala namanye ama-pathologies wamathumbu.
- Ngaphambi kokuthatha umuthi, umzimba namanyikwe kufanele kulungiselelwe ukwelashwa kwe-enzyme. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa i-analgesic drugvergeic Papaverin, i-No-Shpa, iDrotaverin, edambisa izinhlungu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, basebenzisa ama-painkiller ahlukahlukene.
- Uma lesi sifo sitholwa enganeni, udokotela ubeka umuthi wezingane okhethekile noma ukhethe umthamo odingekayo osuselwa eminyakeni yobudala besiguli. Lapho welapha izingane, umuthi uhlanganiswa nobisi noma amanzi okuphuza.
- Ama-enzymes e-pancreatic ayingxenye yamathebulethi asabalele njenge-Mezim-Forte, Abomin, Creon, Festal, Digestal, Betaine, Enzistal, Panzinorm, Penzital nabanye.
- Namuhla, lapho uthengiswa ungathola ama-enzyme esitshalo, isikhunta noma imvelaphi yamagciwane, isiguli singawukhetha umuthi ngemuva kokuvumelana nodokotela ohambele lo msebenzi. Ukulungiselela ngama-enzyme wesitshalo kunokuvumelana okungamanzi, ngakho-ke bayakwazi ukuxubana kangcono nokudla futhi bangenwe ngokushesha.
Ngaphezu kokuphuza amaphilisi, inkambo yokwelashwa ifaka ukunamathela ekudleni okhethekile okusindisa. Isiguli sivunyelwe ukuthi sidle kuphela ukudla okunamafutha amancane ngaphandle kokufaka inyama, ama-mucous porridge kanye nesobho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunconywa ukuphuza okungenani amalitha amabili ngosuku wamanzi amaminerali we-alkaline.
Uma umuntu ene-exocrine pancreatic insuffence, kunikezwa umuthi i-Pancreatin. Isetshenziselwa i-dysbiosis, isilonda se-peptic, lapho ujusi wesisu unenani elikhulayo le-hydrochloric acid ne-pepsin, izifo zamathumbu esibuhlungu noma ezingalapheki, kanye nokushoda kwe-enzyme.
Ukwandisa umsebenzi wamanyikwe futhi kukhiqizwe ukwenziwa kwama-enzyme, kusetshenziswa izidakamizwa eziqukethe i-pacreatin, hemicellulase, bile acid nezinye izinto. Ngenxa yalokhu, umsebenzi wesisu kanye nesinye inyongo uyavuselelwa, futhi ukwakheka kwamagesi emathunjini kuyancishiswa. Ukuphathwa okunjalo kunqunyiwe uma izimpawu zihambisana nokuthopha, ukubopha, ukuqunjelwa.
Imininingwane yokusebenza kwe-pancreatic inikezwe kuvidiyo kule ndatshana.
