Imvamisa iziguli zihlangabezana nenkinga lapho isiyezi kwenzeka nge-pancreatitis. Lolu phawu luphawu lokuqala lokuthi isiguli siqale inqubo yokuvuvukala esitho esingenhla.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi noma yikuphi ukuphambuka ekusebenzeni kwesitho kungadala ukuphazamiseka ekukhiqizeni ama-enzymes wokugaya kanye nenkimbinkimbi yama-hormone.
Lapho kwenzeka ukungasebenzi kahle kulo msebenzi walo mzimba, ukuqina kokuhlangana kwama-hormone anjenge-insulin neglucagon kuyaphazamiseka.
I-pancreatitis engalapheki ehambisana nokuba khona kwenqubo yokuvuvukala evimbayo kwizicubu zamanyikwe ingahambisana nemikhankaso ephindaphindekayo yokwanda ngesikhathi senqubo yokuvuvukala.
Amanyikwe kanye nesiyezi yimibono ehlobene kakhulu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi uma kwenzeka ukungasebenzi kahle kwesitho, kukhiqizwa inani elinganele le-insulin emzimbeni, okuholela emazingeni kashukela egazi. Njengomphumela wakho konke okwenzekayo, kuvela izimpawu zokuba nesiyezi nomuzwa wobuthakathaka.
Uma isiguli siqala ukuzizwa sinesiyezi, kudingeka ngokushesha afune usizo lodokotela. Kungemva kokuthola kuphela ukuxilongwa okuqondile, kuzokwazi ukuthola imbangela yangempela yokuwohloka kwenempilo futhi uqale ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo.
Izimbangela eziphambili zokuwohloka
I-pancreatitis ivame kakhulu kubantu abadala abanomlando wokusebenzisa kabi utshwala nasezigulini ezinesifo se-gallbladder (isib. Gallstones, cholecystitis).
NgokweNational Institute of Health, cishe amaphesenti angama-80,000 ama-pancreatitis acute avela minyaka yonke, kanti cishe ama-20% ala macala abucayi futhi asongela impilo.
Isimo sokuphindaphinda futhi i-pancreatitis engamahlalakhona kunzima ukusinquma. Cishe i-70% yamacala amadala abantu abadala alesi sifo ahlobene nokuphuzwa kotshwala. I-pancreatitis engalapheki ivame kakhulu phakathi kweminyaka yobudala engama-30 nengama-40.
I-pancreatitis ithinta kakhulu abesilisa kunabesifazane. Lesi sifo siyivelakancane ezinganeni.
Ngokuqondene nokuthi kungaba khona isiyezi nge-pancreatitis, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi uphawu olunjalo lukhombisa ukwephulwa kokuqanjwa kwama-hormone nama-enzyme ahileleke ngqo ezinqubweni ezibalulekile zomzimba womuntu.
Imvamisa, ukutholakala kwe-pancreatitis kutholakala futhi.
Lesi sibonakaliso sibonisa ukuthi isiguli sinokwehla okubukhali koshukela wegazi, umuntu ogulayo angaba nokuqhekeka okwenzeka ngenxa yokungasebenzi kahle ekusebenzeni kwezinqubo ezibalulekile ze-metabolic.
Izimpawu eziphambili ze-pancreatitis
Uma sikhuluma ngokuthi kungani ikhanda ligxuma nge-pancreatitis, izizathu zicacisa, yonke le nto igxuma elibukhali kushukela wegazi kanye nokuntuleka kwama-hormone ayisisekelo, khona-ke isizathu sokuvela kwazo zonke ezinye izibonakaliso sisakungabaza.
Kuyaziwa ukuthi lesi sifo sinezinhlobo eziningana zesifundo. Noma yisiphi salezi zigaba sihambisana nemizwa ebuhlungu. Ekuqaleni, zenziwa endaweni esiswini, futhi kuphela lapho zingasakazeka esifubeni noma emuva. Kwesinye isikhathi iziguli zinomuzwa wokuthi esikhundleni esiphakeme izinhlungu ziba nzima kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyabonakala:
- ukugabha kanye nenausea;
- ukuqhakaza;
- umuntu angaba nomkhuhlane;
- isikhumba siyanamathela.
Uma sikhuluma ngesimo esingapheli sesi sifo, khona-ke kungahambisana nobuhlungu obuhlala buqhamuka esiswini. Futhi kuleli cala, ukuncipha kwesisindo, izitulo ezikhululekile ziyaqoshwa.
I-pancreatitis ivame ukudala ukukhathazeka, ukucindezelwa, nezinye izimpawu ezifana nomfutho wegazi ophansi, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, nokuphefumula okusheshayo.
Lesi simo singadala nezinkinga ezinkulu ezingaba yingozi empilweni.
Yini engaba yizinkinga?
Ngenkathi yokuthuthukisa lesi sifo, izinkinga zingavela.
I-pancreatitis kunzima ukwelapha isifo.
Kaningi, noma ngabe umphumela omuhle wokwelashwa utholakala, izinkinga zingase zibe khona ngokuzayo.
Ngenqubo yezinkinga, kungavela izimpawu ezilandelayo:
- Ukopha (kungadala ukushaqeka).
- Ukwehla emzimbeni (ukulahlekelwa ngokweqile koketshezi).
- Ukuhlukumezeka emzimbeni (isb., Ubunzima bokuphefumula, izinso noma ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo).
- Ama-pseudocysts (ukunqwabelana kwezicubu ezonakele kanye noketshezi oluqoqelana ngqo esitho noma endaweni ezungezile).
- Ukulimala kwethishu (necrosis).
Kuyiqiniso, uphawu olujwayelekile lokugula ukugcwala isicanucanu nesiyezi. Zenzeka ngenxa yokwehla kushukela wegazi. Ngakho-ke, uma umuntu eba nesiyezi ngokuzumayo, kanti lesi simo siphindaphindwa kaningi, kungcono ukufuna ngokushesha izeluleko ezengeziwe kudokotela wakho.
Ukuzivikela ekuwohlokeni okunjalo enhlalakahleni, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi yiziphi izimbangela kanye nezinto zobungozi ezibangela lobu buthakathaka.
Ezinye zezizathu eziyinhloko yilezi:
- indlela edlula kuyo inyongo, evimba umsele wamanyikwe (ngokuvamile ibanga ukuhlaselwa kakhulu);
- uphuzo oludakayo luvame ukuhlotshaniswa ne-pancreatitis eyingozi futhi engamahlalakhona;
- Ukubhema ugwayi kuhlotshaniswa nokukhula kwe-pancreatitis kanye nokuqhubeka komdlavuza we-pancreatic.
Izimbangela ezivamile zokuhlaselwa kakhulu:
- Ukulimala kwe-pancreas.
- Ukusetshenziswa kwemithi ethile.
- Ama-triglycerides aphezulu.
- Ukutheleleka ngegciwane okufana nama-mumps.
Izimbangela ezivame kakhulu zokukhula kohlobo lwesifo okungalapheki:
- ukuguqulelwa kwalesi sifo kubuye kube yipancreatitis eyingozi;
- ukuthuthukiswa kwe-cystic fibrosis (izingane zisengozini);
- ukungondleki kahle okungapheli.
Uma umuntu ehlala ebabaza njalo, futhi eba ne-cholecystitis, lapho-ke udinga ukubonana nodokotela ngokushesha, ikakhulukazi uma umndeni unesihlungo selifa ukuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo.
Ngabe kutholakala kanjani ukuthi lesi sifo sitholakala?
Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, udokotela uxoxa nesiguli futhi aveze izimpawu zepancreatitis, kufaka phakathi okufana nobuhlungu noma ukuqhakaza.
Uma lesi sifo siqala ukwanda, ukwehla okukhulu komfutho wegazi, umkhuhlane kanye nokushintsha kwesilinganiso senhliziyo kungabonakala.
Lapho kutholwa, kubalulekile ukwenza izivivinyo ukuthola ukuthi kusebenza kwesitho, lokhu kungaba ukuhlolwa kwegazi okujwayelekile, ukuhlolwa komchamo nezindunduma.
Njengomphumela wokuhlolwa kwelebhu, kutholakala ukuba khona kwamazinga angajwayelekile wawo wonke ama-enzymes enziwe umzimba, ngokwesibonelo, amylase, lipase, kuyatholakala.
Uma kunokusolwa kwe-pancreatitis, kubalulekile ukwazi izinga leukocytes namanye amaseli egazi, kanye nezingxenye ezithile ze-plasma, lapho ushintsha izinga lapho ungahlulela khona khona kwe-pancreatitis.
I-Ultra ye-patity esiswini kanye ne-x-ray iyenziwa.
I-Pancreatic MRI ngezinye izikhathi ingadingeka. Lokhu kuhlola kuzosiza ekutholeni ukuba khona kwezifo emgodini wesisu womuntu.
Kubalulekile ukungafaki ezinye izifo ezinganikeza izibonakaliso ezifanayo nezimpawu lapho uthola i-pancreatitis. Ukulimala okunjalo kungaba yisilonda se-peptic, ukuvuvukala kwe-gallbladder (cholecystitis eyingozi) kanye nokuphazamiseka kwamathumbu. Kungemva kokuhlolwa okugcwele kuphela lapho ukutholwa kokugcina kungasungulwa.
Ngokuxilongwa okunjalo, ukulaliswa esibhedlela isiguli ngokushesha kuyadingeka. Ikakhulu uma ubona ukuwohloka kwenhlala-kahle.
Ungaselapha kanjani lesi sifo?
Okokuqala, udokotela unquma ukwelashwa ngezidakamizwa. Phakathi kwezidakamizwa eziphambili ezinconyelwe ukusetshenziswa yi-pancreatin.
Kepha kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi yisiphi isigaba salesi sifo nokuthi kudingeka ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo kwesiguli yini. Ngokuvamile kudingeka usizo oluphuthumayo lwezokwelapha, kuze kube yilapho kususwa i-gallbladder, kanye nokuqongelelwa kwe-purapy emgodini wesisu.
Kwesinye isikhathi kwanele ukunamathela ekudleni okuqinile noma ukuzila ukudla.
Ukuqeda ubuqili kanye nesiyezi kulokhu kutholwa kungenzeka kuphela uma imbangela ngqo yalesi sifo isunguliwe.
Ukwelashwa kwe-prognosis kuncike eminyakeni yobudala, impilo ejwayelekile yesiguli kanye nobunzima balesi simo.
Ezimweni zobumnene, i-prognosis ilungile. Ukwelashwa kungcono kakhulu ezigulini eziyeka ukubhema futhi ziyeke ukuphuza utshwala, futhi zilandele nokudla okuqinile.
Izinkinga, njengokulimala kwezicubu, ukutheleleka, ukwehluleka, isifo sikashukela nekhotha, kuvame ukuholela ekuqhamukeni okungekuhle.
Ngokusho kweNational Institute of Health, ukufa kungafinyelela ku-10-50% ezigulini ezinezinkinga ezinzima (ngokwesibonelo, ukungasebenzi kahle kwesitho). Ezimweni ezinjalo, kukhona ukwephulwa kokuhlanganiswa kwazo zonke iakhompiyutha ezibalulekile ezisebenzayo.
Ukuze unciphise ubungozi bokuthola lesi sifo, kudingeka uphuze kuphela isilinganiso esincane sotshwala, ungabhemi futhi udle ukudla okunempilo, okunamafutha amancane.
Kufanele uhlolwe njalo futhi uma kunezici ezithile zobungozi ezitholakalayo, qhubeka uziqede ngokushesha.
Izimpawu ze-pancreatitis zixoxwa kuvidiyo kule ndatshana.
