Ama-pancreas abaluleke kakhulu, kepha ngasikhathi sinye isitho esisengozini kakhulu. Kudinga ukunakwa okukhethekile nokwelashwa ngokushesha uma kwenzeka kunama-pathologies. Ama-pancreas afihla ujusi we-pancreatic, ama-enzyme, nama-hormone. I-Hormone secretion ngumsebenzi we-endocrine kuphela.
Ijusi nama-enzyme, okungukuthi, imisebenzi ye-exocrine, anolaka olukhulu. Ngezinqubo ezahlukahlukene zokuvuvukala ku-gland, zingaguqula umsebenzi wazo ngokumelene nawo uqobo amangqamuzana awagibelayo.
Ukuhlukumezeka okunjalo kubonakaliswa, ngokwesibonelo, ku-pancreatitis eshubile, futhi kuholela ku-necrosis yezicubu. Imvamisa, kuphela indawo ethile yamaseli asebenza kahle aphethwe yi-necrosis, futhi kamuva ikhawulelwe kwi-capsule entsha. Ngaphansi kwe-capsule, i-pancreatic secretions, izinhlayiya zezicubu ze-necrotic, ziqongelela. Lokhu kwakha i-cyst.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwama-cysts kwezokwelapha
Ngokwendlela okwenzeka ngayo, ama-cysts ahlukaniswe abe yiqiniso futhi amanga.
Iqiniso, noma ama-cysts eqiniso, atholakala kuma-pancreas kusukela ekuzalweni. Lesi yisici ekukhuleni kwengane. Udonga lwe-cyst yeqiniso luhlanganiswe ngezicubu ze-epithelial ezivela ngaphakathi, futhi zona ngokwazo azikhulisi ngosayizi. Ama-pathologies anjalo ayivelakancane.
Ama-cysts angamanga avela okwesibili, okungukuthi, emuva kokugula noma nini ngaphambili, ukulimala, noma ukuhlinzwa kwe-pancreatic. Ayikho i-epithelium etholakala ezingqimbeni zezindonga zazo.
Ngokuya ngasekhaya okungenzeka kwendawo, ama-cysts ahlukaniswa ngokulandelayo:
- imisebe yekhanda lamanyikwe - ikhipha umngcele we-remental bursa futhi ingacindezela i-duodenum.
- umzimba wezindlala uthinteka kaningi yi-cysts, lokhu kuholela ekusukeni kwesisu nekholoni.
- imithambo ingatholwa emsileni, kuleli cala buyabuyiselwa, noma buyisize, ukuyisebenzisa endaweni yangakini, kuyingozi encane kakhulu ngokulimala kwezitho eziseduze.
Ngokusho kwezifundo zemitholampilo, bahlukaniswe ama-acute, subacute kanye ne-abscess.
- I-Acute yakhiwa ngokushesha okukhulu, ngokusobala ayinqunyelwe. Emgodini ungaba izindunduma zamanyikwe, i-parenchyma noma ifayibha.
- Ama-cysts ama-subacute, noma ama-chracts, aqhamuka kakhulu kulawo maqondana nokuthi izindonga zakha kusuka ezicutshini nasezimfanteni ezingena phakathi nenqubo yokuvuvukala.
- Ithumba ukuqoqeka okukhawulelwe kokuqukethwe kwe-purulent ku-patity esanda kwakhiwa.
Ngobukhona bezinkinga, ama-cysts angaba yinkimbinkimbi - ngama-fistulas, ama-hemorrhages, okuqukethwe kwe-purulent kanye ne-perforation futhi kungabinzima.
Kungani kwenzeka ama-cysts?
Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ama-cysts angamanga akhiwa ngenxa yezifo ezahlukahlukene zamanyikwe.
Kunezinqubo nezifo ezivame ukuholela ezinqubweni ze-cystic.
Lokhu kufaka phakathi:
- izinqubo zokuvuvukala okunamandla (pancreatitis);
- i-organ trauma;
- ukuvimbela okwesikhashana noma isikhathi eside kwe-duct ye-excretory (ngokwesibonelo, i-cholelithiasis);
- ukwephula okuphambili kokufihliwe ku-duct;
- ukuhlukunyezwa kwe-helminthic;
- protozoa;
- izinqubo ze-oncological kumanyikwe.
Ngaphezu kwezizathu eziyinhloso, kunezici ezimbalwa zobungozi, noma izinto ezisengaphambili.
Lezi zinto yilezi:
- Uphuzo oludakayo;
- Ukuvalwa kwepheshana lokuphiliswa;
- Ngokweqile;
- Ukungenelela okuhlinzwa okwenziwe ngaphambilini kunoma yisiphi isitho sepheshana lesisu;
Ngaphezu kwalokho, enye yezinto ezijwayelekile ezibikezela kusengaphambili ubukhona besifo sikashukela esigulini.
Izimpawu eziphambili ze-cyst
Izimpawu ze-pancreatic cyst ziboniswa ngezindlela ezihlukile.
Zincike ohlotsheni lwayo, indawo, usayizi.
Uma i-cavity ingeyodwa futhi incane, ifinyelela cishe isigamu samasentimitha, khona-ke ayinawo umthelela omubi kwizitho eziseduze, emikhunjini nasezinhlwini zezinzwa.
Uma i-cyst inkulu, khona-ke ukubonakaliswa okunjalo kliniki kungenzeka:
- Ubuhlungu obukhulu kakhulu, imvamisa imvelo yebhande, bukhali kakhulu, ngaphezu kwesisu, buzwakala emuva emuva nasezinhlangothini;
- ukugabha okungalethi mpumuzo;
- ukwephulwa kwesitulo ngendlela yesifo sohudo;
- ukunqwabelana ngokweqile kwamagesi esiswini (ukuthokomala);
- ngaphezu kwesifo sohudo, i-steatorrhea iyabonakala - ukuba khona kwamaconsi emfucumfucu ngenxa yokuntuleka kwe-enzyme ye-pancreatic lipase;
- ukukhuphuka kokushisa komzimba ezinombolweni ezingaphansi;
- obuthakathaka obujwayelekile
- umuzwa wesisindo esifundeni sobunxele se-epigastric;
- i-jaundice kwesinye isikhathi ingavela;
- Amandla aphindaphindwa okokusebenza;
- umlomo ophikelelayo owomile;
- ukwehluleka.
Izimpawu ezintathu zokugcina zenzeka ngokwephulwa okukhulu kwe-insulin secretion futhi kuyizimpawu zesifo sikashukela. Cishe isigamu seziguli ezinendawo ye-cyst ekhanda le-pancreas, futhi ngosayizi waso omangazayo, kungenzeka ukubona ukubona ukuphuma kodonga lwesisu ngaphansi kwe-sternum.
Izindlela zokuhlonza ama-cysts
Izikhalazo zifana nezimpawu okuxoxwe ngazo, iziguli ziphendukela ku-gastroenterologist.
Udokotela ubeka inani lezifundo zaselebhu kanye nezinsizakalo.
Izindlela zaselebhu zifaka izifundo eziningi:
Isibalo segazi esiphelele. Kuzoveza ukwanda kwesilinganiso se-erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), inani elikhulu leukocytes (leukocytosis).
Ekuhlaziyweni kwe-biochemical, kunqunywa ukwanda kwe-bilirubin, yingakho i-jaundice yenzeka, kanye nokwanda komsebenzi we-alkaline phosphatase.
I-Urinalysis Emchameni, kungahle kube namaprotheni, okuvame ukuthi angabi njalo, namaseli amhlophe egazi, akhombisa inqubo yokuvuvukala.
Phakathi kwezindlela ezisetshenziswayo zocwaningo ezisetshenzisiwe:
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-Ultrasound Kwenza ukuthi ubone usayizi weqiniso wama-cysts, inani lawo kanye nanoma yiziphi izingqinamba, uma zikhona.
- I-Magnetic resonanceapy (i-MRI yamanyikwe) isibona kahle isakhiwo semfundo nobudlelwano baso ne-ducts ye-gland.
- Ucwaningo lweRadioisotope (scintigraphy).
- Ucwaningo lwe-radiography lwesibeletho sesisu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwenziwa i-biopsy yezicubu ze-gland.
Ukwelashwa kwe-pancreatic cyst
I-cyst kuma-pancreas ingaphansi kokwelashwa nokwelashwa.
Ukuphuza umuthi ama-cysts amaningi akuvamile ukusebenza, ngakho-ke iziguli zithunyelwa ngokushesha ukuthi ziyehlinzwa.
Futhi, ukusebenza kukhonjiswa ama-cysts ama-malignant, noma ngabe mancane kakhulu, ngoba anganikeza i-metastases kunoma iziphi izitho.
Izinhlobo ezilandelayo zokungenelela kokuhlinzwa zenziwa kuma-pancreas:
- I-cyst drainage - okokuqala, kuvinjelwa umgodi, kuphume konke uketshezi oluqoqiwe kuyo, bese kubekwa amanzi - ishubhu ekhethekile lapho ukuphuma okungaphakathi kokuqukethwe kuzokwenzeka.
- I-Sclerosing - isixazululo esisebenza ngamakhemikhali, ngokwesibonelo, i-ethyl alcohol, singeniswa kwi-cyst, kodwa kuphela ngemuva kokuthi i-patity ingenalutho. Ngemuva kwale nqubo, izicubu ezithintekayo ziyavela esizeni se-cyst bese zivala isici.
- Ukubuyiselwa, okungukuthi, ukususwa ngokuphelele kwezindawo ezithintekile.
- Ukuhlinzwa kweLaparoscopic kwenziwa ngezigameko ezimbili ezincane ezisezintabeni zesisu okufakwa kuzo ikhamera ukuze ibone ngokuphelele inqubo. Uhlukumezeke kakhulu.
- I-Operation Frey - ifaka phakathi ukususwa kwekhanda kanye nokudalwa kokudlula phakathi kwama-pancreas ne-duodenum.
Imiphumela yokususa i-pancreatic cyst ifaka ukuphazamiseka kokugaya ukudla ngenxa yokuntuleka kwama-enzymes e-pancreatic, pancreatitis ye-postoperative, ukopha nesifo sikashukela.
Njengoba ukudla kufanele kugaywe, kuyadingeka ukuthatha amalungiselelo enzyme, anjengeCreon, iMezim-Forte, iPangrol. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele unamathele ekudleni okuthile. Ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, iziguli kufanele zingafakwa emafutheni ezinokudla, othosiwe, obhemayo, ukudla okunosawoti, izinongo, notshwala. Zonke izitsha kufanele zipheke kahle noma zithosiwe. Zisetshenziselwa kangcono emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni, kodwa hhayi kubanda kakhulu futhi hhayi ukushisa kakhulu. Kunconywa ukudla imifino eminingi, izithelo, isinkwa esomile, i-pasta, izithelo nezithelo ze-berry, imikhiqizo yobisi, inyama enamafutha amancane nenhlanzi, namakhukhi angenawo ushukela. Ukudla kufanele kufake ama-5-6 ukudla ngasikhathi sinye ezigabeni ezincane.
Uma okungenani ezinye zezimpawu ze-pancreatic cyst zivela, bonana nodokotela ngokushesha ukuze welaphe i-pathology ngesikhathi. Uma kungenzeka, phila impilo enempilo futhi ubuke umzimba wakho.
Ukuthi ama-cysts kanye nama-tumor abolile we-pancreas azibonakalisa kanjani achazwe kuvidiyo kule ndatshana.
