I-biopsy iyindlela enembe kunazo zonke yokuthola i-neoplasms enobungozi ezithweni zangaphakathi, i-metastases. Inqubo izosiza ukucacisa isigaba sesifo, ubulukhuni benqubo ye-oncological.
Uma kukhulunywa ngamanyikwe, i-biopsy yenziwa ngempumelelo kanye ne-ultrasound, i-computer tomography, i-magnetic resonance imaging ne-positron emission tomography. Uma ezinye izindlela zokuxilonga zisiza ekutholeni ukuxilongwa ngezinga elithile lokuthi kungenzeka, i-pancreatic biopsy yenza sikwazi ukucacisa isithombe bese senza isinqumo sokugcina.
Kulolu cwaningo, odokotela basebenzisa amanye amadivaysi wokuqapha, anjenge-computer tomographs, ama-laparoscopes, ama-scanner e-ultrasound. Amadivayisi aqinisekisa ukuphepha kwesiguli, ngaphandle kokuqiniseka kuso, odokotela abalokothi baqale inqubo.
Njengoba impahla yezinto eziphilayo ithathwe esithweni sangaphakathi, amathuba okulimala nomonakalo awanqunyelwe. Uma kunesidingo sokuxilonga indawo ethile yamanyikwe, kungenzeka ukuthi uqinisekise ukushaya kwenaliti endaweni efanelekile kuphela ngokubonga ngalawa madivayisi.
Izindleko zenqubo ngqo zincike kwindlela yokuxilonga, isifunda kanye nesikhungo sezokwelapha lapho senziwa khona. Amanani we-Biopsy aqala kuma-ruble aseRussia ayi-1300.
Izindlela zokwenza inqubo
Izinkomba ze-biopsy kubuhlungu obukhulu ekukhuleni kwe-epigastrium, i-hypochondrium yangakwesokudla, bangayinikeza emuva. I-Pain syndrome ihlotshaniswa nokucindezelwa kweziqu zemithambo, ukuvaleka kweWirsung, izindunduma ze-bile, izehlakalo ezibangelwa ukwanda kwenqubo yokuvuvukala kumanyikwe.
Njengoba ubuhlungu banda, i-jaundice ibuye ijoyine izimpawu, iba ngesinye sezimpawu eziphambili ze-oncology, kodwa cishe njalo lesi sibonakaliso singesokuncipha kwesisindo kanye ne-dyspeptic phenomena.
Ngabe ithathwa kanjani i-pancreas biopsy? Kususelwa kwinqubo yokucwaninga, kuyisiko ukuhlukanisa izindlela ezine zokuqoqa izinto eziphilayo: i-intraoperative, laparoscopic, percutaneous, endoscopic.
Lapho impahla ithathwa ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa okuvulekile kuma-pancreas, bakhuluma nge-biopsy ye-intraoperative. Le ndlela yokucwaninga iyakhethwa uma kukhona ubufakazi bokuthatha isampula emsileni noma emzimbeni wesitho. Inqubo icatshangelwa:
- ubunzima;
- okuxakayo;
- kuyingozi.
Odokotela abahlinzayo basebenzisa indlela ye-laparoscopic yokuqoqa i-biomaterial endaweni ethize yama-pancreas futhi bahlole i-patity esiswini yama-metastases.
Lolu cwaningo lufanele umdlavuza, ekutholakaleni kwezimila ezinamanzi amaningi ngemuva kwe-peritoneum enkambweni ye-pancreatitis e-pancreatitis, egxiliwe namafutha pancreatic necrosis (lapho izicubu zepancreatic zifa).
Ukukhishwa kwamanyikwe ngendlela yokudlula kubizwa ngenye indlela ngokuthi i-emihle yenalifiso yokufisa biopsy, yona:
- unembe ngangokunokwenzeka;
- ikuvumela ukuba uhlukanise i-pancreatitis kusuka kunqubo ye-oncological;
- ukubhoboza i-pancreas kwenziwa ngaphansi kokulawulwa kwe-ultrasound.
Indlela ayisetshenziswanga uma usayizi wesimila ungaphansi kwamasentimitha amabili, ngoba kunzima kakhulu ukungena kuwo. Futhi, indlela yesikhumba yomlomo wesibeleko ayinconywa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa okuzayo (ukuhlinzwa kwesisu). Ukulingisa ngaphansi kokulawulwa kwe-CT ne-ultrasound kuyinto yokufakelwa enqubekweni yenqubo.
Indlela ye-transdermal ingakhombisa i-oncology cishe emaphathini angama-70-95%, kanye nethuba lokuthi ngesikhathi sokukhohlisa luzokwenzeka:
- ukufakwa metastasis;
- Ukungcoliswa kwesibeletho;
- ezinye izinkinga.
Lapho i-pancreatic cyst noma enye i-neoplasm incane noma ijulile kumanyikwe, kunezibonakaliso ze-biopsy endoscopic; elinye igama lenqubo yi-transduodenal biopsy. Kubandakanya ukwethulwa kwensiza ekhethekile enekhamera ekhanda lamanyikwe nge-duodenum.
Kaningi nje muva nje, odokotela bakhethe i-biopsy enesifiso esihle; ngenxa yokuziphatha kwayo, i-pancreas ihlatshwa ngesibhamu se-biopsy, futhi ummese omncane usekupheleni kwethubhu.
Ithuluzi lenza ukuthi kube lula ukuthatha izicubu zesitho esithintekile kube nengozi encane esigulini.
Ungalungiselela kanjani, ululame
Kwenziwa kanjani i-pancreas biopsy? Baqala ngokulungiselela ukukhohlisa, ukudla okungakhubekisa ukwanda kwefulethi kufanele kungafakwa ekudleni izinsuku ezimbalwa.
Ubusi luphelele, imifino eluhlaza, imifino kanye nesinkwa se-rye kukhishwa kumenyu.
Ucwaningo lwenziwa kuphela ngemuva kokuthola imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwelabhoratri, kufaka phakathi: ukuhlaziya umchamo ojwayelekile, ukuhlolwa komchamo ushukela, ukuhlolwa kwegazi, ukunqunywa kwamaplanethi egazi, isikhathi sokuphuma kwegazi, ukuqina, inkomba ye-prothrombin .Uma kutholakala ukuthi kunenkinga enkulu yokugula, isimo sogulayo sinqatshelwe ngokuphelele. futhi idluliselwe kuze kululame.
Kuyadingeka futhi ukulungiselela ukungenelela kokuziphatha ngokokuziphatha; iningi leziguli, ukusekelwa okulula kokuziphatha kwabanye, izihlobo kanye nezihlobo kubaluleke kakhulu. I-biopsy, empeleni, ukungenelela okufanayo kokuhlinzwa, akuwona wonke umuntu osethole lokho futhi uyazi ukuthi kufanele aziphathe kanjani.
Isisu siyingxenye engavikelekile yomzimba womuntu, isiguli sizwa ukungakhululeki okuphezulu kakhulu lapho kulindwe umjovo. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ezinye iziguli azikwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kokulungiswa kwangaphambi kokuhlinzwa, okubandakanya ukuthatha:
- I-Relanium;
- tranquilizer;
- Seduxen.
Izimali ezinje zizodambisa izinhlungu, zingasiza ekunqobeni ukucindezelwa nokwesaba inqubo.
Uma kwenziwa i-biopsy ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa esiswini, isiguli siyodluliselwa esikhungweni sokunakekelwa esibucayi ukuze sisimamise kahle. Ngemuva kwalokho kuyadingeka ukumbeka emnyangweni wokuhlinzwa, lapho ehlala ngaphansi kokuqashwa kodokotela kuze kululame.
Lapho kusetshenziswa indlela yokufisa inaliti enhle, umuntu kufanele abhekelwe cishe amahora amabili ngemuva kwenqubo. Uma nje isimo sakhe sizinza, uzovunyelwa ukuthi abuyele ekhaya ngalo lolo suku, umuntu ovela ezihlotsheni zakhe kumele ahambe nesiguli, ngenkathi ukushayela kungavunyelwe.
Isikhathi esithile ngemuva kwe-biopsy, kuyadingeka ukwenqaba:
- umsebenzi osindayo womzimba (kufaka phakathi ukudlala imidlalo);
- ukuphuza utshwala;
- ukubhema.
Imvamisa, zonke iziguli zivame ukubekezelela le ndlela yocwaningo lwe-pancreatic, noma kunjalo, ukubuyekezwa kukhombisa ukuthi ukulimala kwemithambo yegazi emincane, ukopha, ukwakheka kwama-cysts wamanga, i-fistulas, kanye nokuqalwa kwe-peritonitis akunqatshiwe. Ukugwema imiphumela emnandi nengaba yingozi enjalo, kufanele uthinte izikhungo zezokwelapha ezifakazelwe kuphela.
Imininingwane ye-Biopsy inikezwe kuvidiyo ekulesi sihloko.
