Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi isifo sikashukela sithinta ukuhlangana koshukela egazini, sikhuphula izinga laso. Lokhu kungenxa yokungasebenzi kahle kwama-pancreas, obhekele ukwenziwa kwe-insulin, ebandakanyeka ekusebenzeni kweglucose emandleni adingekayo ekusebenzeni komzimba ngokuphelele.
Isici sokuthuthuka kohlobo lokuqala lwesifo sikashukela ukuntuleka kwe-insulin, esivame ukutholakala ezinganeni ezihlobene nezihlobo ezinesifo esifanayo. Esikhathini sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili, ukwanda kokuxineka kwe-glucose emgudwini wegazi kubangelwa ukungabi namzwa okuphelele noma okuphelele kokuzwa kwamangqamuzana ukuya ku-insulin, okunomthelela ekukhuluphaleni, ekucindezelekeni, emilonyeni, nasekuhlukunyezweni kokudla okune-carbohydrate okuyingozi futhi okusheshayo. Lokhu kuthuthukisa umsebenzi we-carbohydrate metabolism, othinta kabi uhlelo lwezinzwa nokujikeleza kwegazi.
I-hyperglycemia ehlala isikhathi eside futhi engalawulwa iholela ekukhuleni kwezinkinga eziyingozi. Enye yalezi yizifo zomlenze ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela, okuthi ezimeni eziphambili iholele ekuqunjweni kwesitho noma ekufeni kwesiguli. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi kungani kulimala umlenze kwenzeka kuhlobo 2 noma uhlobo lwe-1 mellitus yesifo sikashukela, ukuthi lezi zingqinamba ziziveza kanjani nokuthi yikuphi ukwelashwa nezindlela zephrophylactic ezingasetshenziswa ukuthuthukisa isimo sezinyawo.
Ukulimala komlenze kushukela: izimbangela nezimpawu ezijwayelekile
Esigulini esinesifo sikashukela emzimbeni, izinqubo zokuphinda zizalwe zanda. Lokhu kungenxa yokugeleza kwegazi okungekuhle, yingakho inani elanele legazi lingangeni ezingalweni.
Ngakho-ke, kungani kubuhlungu emlenzeni kushukela? Ushukela owedlulele kulamanzi we-biological unobuthi kuzo zonke izitho nezinhlelo. Lapho kwenzeka ukwehluleka ku-carbohydrate metabolism, i-glucose ayiguqulwa ibe amandla, kodwa iba yidosi emzimbeni.
Umphumela we-hyperglycemia emzimbeni mkhulu. Uma kuqhubeka isikhathi eside, kuvela ama-pathologies amaningi (ukwakheka kwemithambo yegazi, izinzwa zishintsha, inhliziyo ihlupheka).
Izifo zomlenze kwisifo sikashukela ziqala, zinomthwalo omkhulu kuzo kanye nokwehluleka kwegazi. I-glucose inethonya elonakalisayo emgodini we-myelin wezinzwa emalangeni, inciphisa isibalo sezinto ezifakiwe.
Ukunciphisa imithambo yemilenze enesifo sikashukela kwenza ama-capillary abe buthaka, andise isimo esijwayelekile. I-atherosclerosis ethuthukayo iholela ku-ischemia kanye ne-Wag.
Uma kunesifo sonyawo sikashukela, izimpawu zaso zingahluka. Isiguli singazizwa sidindizela, ukuqaqamba emilenzeni, ukugoba nokuqina emilenzeni kwenzeka lapho umuntu eqala ukuhamba. Ukulimala kwemilenze nesifo sikashukela kuhambisana nezinye izibonakaliso eziningi:
- isikhumba esisemilenzeni, siphenduke siphaphathekile, some, siqhekeke imifantu kanye namabele
- ukwakheka kwamazipho kuguquka, kaningi kubangelwa ukutheleleka ngefungus;
- ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa nokuzwela kwezinyawo;
- ukudumba;
- ukwakheka kwezilonda ezipholisa kahle futhi isikhathi eside;
- ubuthakathaka bemisipha kanye ne-atrophy;
- ukugoba kweminwe yemikhawulo kanye nezinguquko esimweni sonyawo.
Iningi labanesifo sikashukela lithi ngemuva kokuhamba noma ebusuku, iba nezindawo ezinesifo esibuhlungu kusuka emizuzwaneni emi-2 kuya kwemizuzu emi-5.
Lapho ukuvela okunjalo kuvela kuhlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, isizathu sikule ndawo yokuntuleka kwezinto ezilandelwayo eziphuma kanye nomchamo, kanye nokuntuleka kwamandla emisipha.
Izinhlobo zezinkinga
Ukulimala onyaweni kushukela kunezindlela ezahlukahlukene. Le i-angiopathy yesifo sikashukela, ebonakala ngokungasebenzi kahle kwemikhumbi yezinyawo, ukwephulwa kokuqina kwamakhompiyutha kanye nokuwohloka okulandelayo kokulethwa kwezakhi zezicubu kwezicubu.
Uhlobo lwesibili lwezinkinga zesifo sikashukela yi-neuropathy. I-diabetesic neuropathic onyawo iba nomonakalo ohlelweni lwezinzwa emlenzeni. Kukhona ukulahleka kwezinga lokushisa, izinhlungu nokuzwa okuphathekayo emilenzeni, ngenxa yokuthi isiguli singaziboni izilonda namanxeba emilenzeni, okugcina kuholele ekuqhekekeni.
Kodwa futhi kunefomu elihlanganisiwe, lapho isiguli esinesifo sikashukela sithinta amasistimu wokujikeleza nezinzwa. Ngemuva kwalokho isiguli sakha ukubonakaliswa kwesimo salezi zinhlobo ezimbili zezinkinga ezichazwe ngenhla.
Olunye uhlobo lwesifo somlenze ku-hyperglycemia engapheli i-arthropathy, lapho amalunga amalunga alimala khona. Lokhu kungenxa yokunikezwa kwegazi okungekuhle kanye nokungasebenzi kahle kwezinqubo ze-metabolic. Isifo sikashukela sichaza lesi simo ngokulandelayo: ekuqaleni kwalesi sifo ngizwa izinhlungu emalungeni lapho ngihamba, khona-ke izinyawo zami ziphenduka zaba bomvu, ziyavuvukala, isimo sokushintsha, neminwe yami yonakele.
Iziphi izinkinga ezivame kakhulu emlenzeni ezinesifo sikashukela? Ubuhlungu bomlenze kwisifo sikashukela buba nesifo sikashukela sikashukela, esitholakala ku-10% yeziguli. Kepha engcupheni ama-50% abantu abane-hyperglycemia engapheli.
Unyawo lwesifo sikashukela lwenzeka ngenxa yezizathu eziningi:
- ukuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic;
- ukucekelwa phansi kwemithambo yegazi;
- ukwehluleka kokujikeleza;
- ukufa kwezinzwa;
- ukulimala kwesikhumba.
Lapho ukhunta lungenwe yisifo, umuntu onesifo sikashukela angakha “unyawo lomsubathi”, olukhonjiswa ngokulunywa, ububomvu nokuma kwesikhumba. Uma ukwelashwa kwemilenze enesifo sikashukela kungangeni ngesikhathi futhi kunekhono, ukutheleleka kuzongena ekujuleni noma kuqale ukuthinta ipuleti lezipikili.
Lapho izipikili zonakaliswe yisikhunta, ziba brittle, thick and get a brownish yellow tint. Ukugqoka izicathulo ezivalekile kunomthelela ekuqhubekeni kwesifo, ngoba i-pathogen yayo ithanda umswakama nokufudumala. Uma uqala lesi sifo, ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa kuyadingeka - ukususwa kwezipikili ezithelelekile.
Ubuhlungu bomlenze wesifo sikashukela bubuye buqhamuke ngenxa yezilonda ngenxa ye-vascular pathologies, trophism yezicubu ezingekho emthethweni, kanye nokwehluleka kwezindawo zokuhlala. Futhi, ukubonakala kokulimazeka kwesikhumba kunikelwe yi:
- usizi
- isifo sokuqina kwemizwa;
- amabele;
- ama-pathologies we-vascular;
- ukusha;
- ukulimala kohlelo lwezinzwa;
- amanxeba nokuqhekeka.
Uma kunesifo sikashukela, izinkinga zomlenze ngendlela yezilonda zenzeka ngemuva kwezinyanga noma ngisho iminyaka. Akhula kancane kancane ngemuva kwesisekelo sezinqubo ze-pathological emzimbeni ezibangelwa amazinga kashukela egazi aphakama njalo.
Inqubo yokwenzeka kwezilonda ezisesidudwini ihlukaniswe izigaba. Ama-harbinger okubukeka kwawo ayizimpawu ezifana nokuvuvukala, ukugoba, ukungazweli, ushintsho kumbala wesikhumba (izindawo ezibomvu noma ziphenduka zibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka). Isifunda esingezansi somlenze siyabhaka, siyashesha futhi siyashesha.
Esigabeni sokuqala, izimpawu ziyabizwa. Ukushintshwa kweziqubu esikhumbeni kuyaqapheleka, kuvela uqwebu kubo. Kukhipha uketshezi olunegazi ezilondeni, futhi uma ukutheleleka kungena ngaphakathi kubo, kuyakhula futhi kube mnandi.
Lapho lesi sifo siqhubeka, iziphambeko ezincane zangaphambili ziphenduka izilonda ze-purulent ezinegciwane emilenzeni, izithombe zazo ezibhalwe ngezansi. Ukwakheka kubuhlungu ngokungabekezeleleki, futhi i-necrosis isakazeka ngokushesha, ithinta izingqimba ezijulile zezicubu. Isiguli sinezimpawu zokudakwa - i-malaise, umkhuhlane, ukubanda.
Izinyawo ezinesifo sikashukela zivame ukwakha ama-corns (ukuqina noma ukukhula kukodwa onyaweni). Zenzeka ngokusatshalaliswa okungafanele kwesisindo, zigqoke izicathulo ezingakhululekile nezilonda zesikhumba, okudala ukungaphatheki kahle nobuhlungu lapho uhamba.
Imilenze kanye nohlobo lwesifo sikashukela 2 kungalimaza uma kukhona amabhulukwe. Lawa ngamabhamuza esikhunjeni, agcwele uketshezi, okuvela ekuvutheni. Ngokuchotshozwa ngengozi noma ukubalwa okukhethekile, uketshezi luyaphuma, futhi ukutheleleka kungena emgodini okuvelayo, okungavusa ukuvuvukala okungalapheki kahle kwemilenze ngesifo sikashukela i-mellitus.
Izimbila kungenye enye inkinga evamile yesifo sikashukela. Imvamisa zitholakala eduze kwe-protonyion ye-bony noma phakathi kweminwe. Ukwakheka kubangela ukuxabana nengcindezi.
Noma nginesifo sikashukela, imilenze ilimele ngenxa yezizathu ezilandelayo:
- Ama-warts warts (ukuqina lapho kuphela ngamaphara amnyama amnyama noma amachashazi). Ukuvela kwezinkinga ezibuhlungu kubangelwa yigciwane.
- Ingrown toenail. Uma inkinga ingaxazululwa, ukutheleleka kwezindawo ezithintekile kuzokwenzeka.
- Isikhumba esomile. Amagciwane angangena emzimbeni ngezindawo eziqhekekile.
Lapho kukhona isifo sikashukela, ukukhubazeka kwe-valgus yenzwane enkulu kuvame ukwenzeka. Ukudideka kubonakaliswa ubukhona be-callus ebomvu, ebuhlungu etholakala ngaphambili kwesihlanganisi somunwe.
Esikhathini sikashukela, uzwane olukhulu lungathinteka emilenzeni yomibili. Ukuvela kwale nkinga kuvame ukuba yimvelo yokuzalwa, kodwa ukugqoka izicathulo ezilinganayo noma ezinganele zesithende kungaba nomthelela ekwenzekeni kwazo.
Futhi, izinzwane zingahlukaniswa ngokuthi "isando-njenge". Lokhu kungenxa yobuthakathaka bemisipha, ngenxa yokuthi amathoni afushaniswa, neminwe igobile.
I-Pathology ifa, kepha enye into engenakuphikiswa ukugqoka izicathulo ezingakhululekile.
Ukonakala okufana ne-hammer kwenza ukuhamba kube nzima futhi kunomthelela ekubonakala kwamaqubu, amanxeba nezinhlamvu.
Ukuxilonga
Uma imilenze ibuhlungu nesifo sikashukela yini okufanele uyenze? Ukuvikela ukukhula kwezifo eziyingozi, onesifo sikashukela kufanele ahlole imilenze yakhe nsuku zonke, kufaka nezinyawo. Lokhu kuzomvumela ukuthi ahlole isimo semilenze yakhe futhi akhombise ukwephulwa okufika ngesikhathi ukuze akuqede ngokushesha futhi ngaphandle kobuhlungu.
Uma uthola izimpawu ezisolisayo ezichazwe ngenhla, kufanele ubonane nodokotela bese wenza izindlela zokuxilonga esikhungweni sezokwelapha. Udokotela onolwazi angathinta ishayela emithanjeni yemilenze.
Ngokukhula kwezinkinga, ukuwohloka emithanjeni kuya kubi noma kuyeke. Kepha ukwephulwa okunjalo kungabonakala lapho lesi sifo sisesimweni sokunganakwa, okuholela emiphumeleni engenakuphikwa.
Kusiza ngokwengeziwe ukusebenzisa amasu okuqonda ngqo lawo. Zisuselwa ekusetshenzisweni kwemishini yezokwelapha, ebala isilinganiso sokucindezela kwe-systolic emithanjeni yomlenze ophansi kanye ne-brachial artery, ebizwa ngokuthi i-ankle-brachial tata. Lapho i-LPI ingekho ngaphezu kwe-1,2, khona-ke ukuphuma kwegazi emikhawulweni kuyinto evamile.
Kepha i-LPI enomonakalo wamathambo yi-Menkeberg atherossteosis ayisebenzi. Ngakho-ke, imilenze yesifo sikashukela ihlolwa ngezinye izindlela:
- I-transcutaneous oximetry. Ibona izinga lokugcwala kwamaseli nge-oxygen. Inqubo iqukethe ekusebenziseni inzwa yokulinganisa esikhunjeni. Indlala ye-oksijini iyatholakala uma imiphumela ingaphansi kwama-30 mmHg.
- I-Ultrasound yemithambo yegazi. Kusetshenziselwa ukuqapha isimo sokuphuma kwegazi ngemuva kokuhlinzwa kwamathambo.
- I-angiography ephikisana ne-X-ray. Le ndlela ifaka ukwethulwa komenzeli oqhamukayo egazini lamaphethelo aphansi kanye nokudluliselwa okulandelayo kwemikhumbi ngama-x-ray. Le ndlela ifundise kakhulu, kepha kwiziguli kubangela ukungaphatheki kahle.
Izindlela zokwelashwa nokuvimbela
Ukwelashwa ngezinyawo sikashukela kubandakanya ukulandela imihlahlandlela ejwayelekile. Owokuqala ukulawula kwe-glycemic, okutholakala ngokusebenzisa ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa nokwelashwa kwe-insulin.
Kuyadingeka ukulandela ukudla okusho ukwenqatshwa kwama-carbohydrate asheshayo nokudla okuyingozi. Ukudla kungenziwa kuhlanganiswe udokotela kanye nodokotela wezempilo. Ukuvivinya umzimba okulinganiselayo nokuhamba nsuku zonke komoya omusha kuyakhonjiswa.
Uma imilenze ihluleka ngesifo sikashukela, khona-ke kusetshenziswa ukwelashwa okulondoloziwe nokuhlinzwa. Ku-diabetesic onyawo syndrome, kunqunywa imishanguzo, ama-analgesics, ama-antimicrobials wendawo kanye nemithi yokusebenzisa igazi egxilisayo.
Ungayelapha kanjani imilenze nesifo sikashukela uma imithi ingasebenzi? Ezingeni eliphezulu lalesi sifo, ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa kuyaboniswa:
- i-angioplasty (ibuyisela umsebenzi wamaseli);
- ukususwa kwesiza se-necrosis;
- resection yendawo ye-gangrene onyaweni noma emunweni;
- i-endarterectomy (ukususwa kwemithambo yegazi engeke ibuyiselwe);
- stenting of artery (ukufakwa kwamanetha emikhunjini);
- uma kunesidingo, kukhishwa umlenze ongezansi, unyawo noma wonke umlenze.
Uma izilonda zithinta imilenze nesifo sikashukela (izithombe zezindlela zingabonakala lapha), khona-ke kusetshenziswa indlela ethile yokwelapha okulondolozayo. Ukuze uvikele ukuqhubeka kwesifo, kubalulekile ukuthi ubheke njalo izinga le-hemoglobin neglucose egazini.
Futhi, kwisifo sikashukela i-mellitus, ukwelashwa kwezilonda kuhloselwe ukunciphisa izinhlungu, ukulungisa ukuqina kwegazi ngezindlela ezikhethekile, nokusebenzisa izidakamizwa ukwenza ngcono ukusebenza kohlelo lwe-vascular. Kubalulekile futhi ukwelapha nokuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo ezenzeka ndawonye (umfutho ophakeme wegazi, i-thrombophlebitis), ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa ezilwa namagciwane antifungal. Udokotela ubuye anikeze izidakamizwa ezenza ukuthi kusebenze i-lipid metabolism, nezidakamizwa ezenza ukuthi ukusebenza kwesistimu yezinzwa kube ngokwejwayelekile.
Ungaziphatha kanjani izilonda zomlenze kushukela uma ukwelashwa okulondoloziwe kungaphumelelanga? Ngezindlela eziphambili zesifo, ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa kuyakhonjiswa. Kungase kube nokuvula inxeba nokususa okuqukethwe kwe-purulent kuyo, ukwakhiwa kabusha kwamasipha futhi ukunqunywa komlenze.
Ukuvuvukala izinzwane sikashukela kuphathwa ngokuhlinzwa. Futhi, amaphilisi akhethekile namadivayisi ahlukanisayo asetshenziselwa ukubamba umunwe.
Kulabo abanesifo sikashukela, ubuhlungu bomlenze, ukwelashwa kungahlanganisa ukulandela izincomo ezijwayelekile:
- ukugqoka izicathulo ezintofontofo zabanesifo sikashukela;
- ukwelashwa okuphoqelekile kwezifo ezihlangene;
- ukulawula isisindo;
- ukugeza nsuku zonke izinyawo emanzini afudumele ngensipho;
- Kunconywa ukuthi ungagawuli izinzipho, kodwa fayela ngobumnene;
- ngokuquleka, i-acupressure iyasiza;
- ukomiswa okuphelele kwezitho ngemuva kokugeza (kunakwa ngokukhethekile endaweni ephakathi kweminwe).
Isifo sikashukela sidinga ukwazi ukuthi i-zelenka, potassium permanganate ne-iodine azivunyelwe ukusetshenziselwa ukulimala kwezinyawo. Ukuze isilonda singabhaki, siphathwa ngeFuracilin neChlorhexidine, bese siboshwa.
Uma isikhumba emilenzeni sesomile kakhulu, ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha aqukethe urea kuyakhonjiswa. Ngezifo zokukhunta, ama-antifungal agents asetshenziswa, futhi imifantu ezinyaweni iphathwa ngamakhilimu nge-propolis.
Njengendlela yokusiza ekwelashweni kwendabuko, uma imilenze yesifo sikashukela ihlulekile, ukwelashwa ngamakhambi esintu kungasetjenziswa. Ama-Blueberries ayikhambi eliphumelelayo lemilenze kwisifo sikashukela. Kuze kudliwe izingilazi ezintathu zamajikijolo ngosuku ngaphambi kokudla okukhulu.
Ngezilonda zesikhumba, ingxube ye-Aspirin, uju kanye ne-burdock kuyasiza. Uju lufakwa endaweni enesifo, lufafazwe nge-aspirin powder, bese kubekwa iqabunga le-burdock phezulu, lisonga konke ngendwangu efudumele.
Izilonda kanye nokulimala kukashukela kuphathwa ngezimpande ze-burdock. Isitshalo siyagezwa, sichotshoziwe futhi ujusi usinda kuwo, osetshenziswa ezindaweni ezithintekile amahlandla ama-3 ngosuku.
Uma kukhona i-mellitus yesifo sikashukela nemilenze ivuvukala, ukwelashwa ngemithi yesintu kubonisa ukuphuza itiye njalo ngamafutha kalamula noma iminti. Futhi, imilenze enesifo ingagcotshwa nge-tincture yeKalonchoe. Ukuze usilungiselele, amaqabunga esitshalo ayagezwa, aphulwe futhi agcwaliswe ngengilazi engilitha enamalitha, egcwele i-vodka, egcizelelwa amasonto ama-2 ebumnyameni.
Ngisho nobuhlungu be-edema nejerking emilenzeni, izindlela zokupheka zesintu zincoma ukusebenzisa ujusi wethanga. Udinga ukuphuza isiphuzo esingu-100 ml osiphuzayo esisanda kwenziwa ngosuku.
Izinkinga zesifo sikashukela zichaziwe kuvidiyo ekulesi sihloko.
