I-insulin yi-hormone ebaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni womuntu; ngaphandle kwalokhu, ukusebenza okwanele kwezitho zangaphakathi nezinhlelo akunakwenzeka. Indima eyinhloko ye-insulin ukuthola inani loshukela osegazini kanye nomthethonqubo walo, uma kunesidingo.
Kodwa-ke, kwenzeka kaningi ukuthi ngezinga elijwayelekile le-glycemia, ukugcwala kwe-insulin kukhuphuka kakhulu. Izimbangela zesimo se-pathological kumele zinqunywe ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, ngaphandle kwalokho inkambo yesifo iyakhula, kuphakama izinkinga ezinkulu, i-hormone ayisalawuli i-glycemia.
Njengoba sekushiwo, ngaphandle kwe-insulin, inkambo ejwayelekile yenqubo eyodwa emzimbeni ayinakwenzeka, into ibamba iqhaza ekuwohlokeni kwamafutha namaprotheni, futhi iphinde ilawule noshukela. Uma ukungalingani kwenzeka, amandla e-metabolism awenzeki ngemodi ejwayelekile.
Ngaphansi kwesimo sempilo ephelele emzimbeni womuntu, i-insulin iqukethe inani elinjalo:
- izingane (3.0 - 20 mcU / ml);
- abadala (3.0 - 25 mcU / ml).
Ezigulini esezikhulile ezineminyaka engaphezulu kuka-60-65, kuze kube amayunithi angama-35 aqukethe i-insulin ejwayelekile.
Lapho imingcele ephezulu yesilinganiso seqiwe, kuyadingeka ukufuna usizo kodokotela, udokotela uzosungula izimbangela zenkinga ngqo, kungani inkomba ye-insulin ishintshwa. Ukukhathazeka kubangelwa yisimo lapho umuntu eye wandisa i-insulin ngoshukela ojwayelekile. Ukuze uzihlole, isifo sikashukela kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi sibe ne-glucometer ephathekayo esesandleni.
Izilinganiso zenziwa izikhathi ezimbalwa ngosuku, mhlawumbe okungenani eziyi-5, lokhu kukuvumela ukuba ubone isithombe esinembile kakhulu sesi sifo. Uma lokhu kungenzeki, izinga likashukela kufanele lihlolwe njalo ekuseni ngemuva kokuvuka (ngaphandle kokuphuma embhedeni) nakusihlwa ngaphambi kokulala.
Kungani i-insulin iphakeme
I-insulin ephezulu ihlala ikhombisa ukungasebenzi kahle okuyingozi emzimbeni womuntu, izinkinga zempilo. Ukwanda okuvama kwesilinganiso sehormoni esisho ngesifo sikaCushing, uma umuntu ehlushwa yi-acomegaly, naye unyusa ama-hormone okukhula, noshukela uqhubeke ungaphakathi ebangeni elijwayelekile.
I-insulin ephakanyisiwe egazini izoba wubufakazi bokungasebenzi kahle kwesibindi, uphawu olungasho ngokuba khona kwe-insulinoma, i-neoplasm ekhiqiza i-hormone ngokusebenzayo. Ngakho-ke ungasola isigaba sokuqala sokukhuluphala, ukumelana kwamaseli ku-insulin, i-carbohydrate derivatives. Noma ngabe yisiphi isizathu, kukhonjiswa ukuhlolwa okuphelele nokwenele komzimba.
Ukweqiwa okusebenzayo kwe-insulin kwenzeka kwabesifazane ngesikhathi sokuzala, ngalesi sikhathi umzimba udinga ukushintshela esimweni esithile somzimba, ukwanda kwe-insulin kulokhu kuy inqubo evamile. Noma kunjalo, umuntu ngeke akhohlwe ngokudla okufanele, isisindo nenempilo yomuntu.
Kuyingozi ukungalinaki iqiniso lokuthi ushintsho ngemuva kwesizinda se-hormonal kwabesifazane luzoba ubufakazi bezifo zesifo sofuba, uphawu oluyisimanga sokufakwa kwamafutha esibayeni sesisu:
- bukhali;
- kuqinisiwe.
Sonke salezi zifo sikhula nezinga eliphakeme le-insulin egazini. Kodwa kunezimo lapho isiguli sine-insulin ephansi enoshukela ojwayelekile.
Ingozi ye-insulin ehlisiwe
Ukwehla okukhulu kwamazinga e-insulin, izinyathelo ezifanele kufanele zithathwe ngokushesha, ngoba lokhu kungaba wubufakazi bezifo kanye nemibandela ye-pathological: hlobo lwe-1 isifo sikashukela, isifo sikashukela sentsha (oseminyakeni engu-15-16 ubudala), kanye nesifo sikashukela esibi.
Inani le-insulin lingancipha ngemuva kokuzivocavoca umzimba, ukuzivocavoca. Kuyadingeka ukunaka isimo se-pancreas noshukela wegazi, ngoba nawo aphakeme kunokujwayelekile nge-insulin encishisiwe.
Kuyadingeka ukusungula izinga le-glucose egazini kanye nenani le-insulin kuleziya ziguli ezisanda kutholwa, kodwa aluzange luveze uhlobo lwesifo futhi aluzange likhethe amaqhinga okuthola ukwelashwa. Izinkomba ezitholakele ziyadingeka ekukhetheni kohlelo lokwelashwa oluzodinga ukulandela eminyakeni elandelayo.
Akunzima ukuthola inani lamahormone, njengoba kubonakala ekuqaleni kokuqala. Kwesinye isikhathi asikho isidingo sokuxhumana nelabhorethri ukuze lihlolwe, kwanele:
- zinake;
- lalela inhlala-kahle.
Ukushintshashintsha okungasho lutho kwesilinganiso se-insulin kuzothinta ushukela wegazi, isimo somuntu.
Ezinye izinkomba zokuphambuka kwe-insulin kusuka kokujwayelekile yilezi: umuzwa wokoma, ukulunywa kwesikhumba, ukubanga, ukukhathala ngokweqile, ukuchama kaningi.
Lapho i-insulin iphakanyiswa isikhathi eside ngokwanele, amanothi esifo sikashukela aphulukiswa isikhathi eside ngokungajwayelekile ngamanxeba, ukulimazeka nokukhubazeka, ngenxa yalokho ukungenelela okuhlukahlukene nokulimala akukanconywa kuzo zonke iziguli.
Ukuvuselelwa kwezicubu kuthatha isikhathi esiningi, amanxeba athambekele ekuvuvukeni, ekuvuseleleni. Ngokushesha kuba nemithambo ye-varicose, kuqhume izilonda eziyinqaba, okubangela i-gangrene yemikhawulo ephansi. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ukunqunywa komlenze othintekile ngeke kusatshalaliswe.
Nge-insulin encishisiwe, ushukela nawo wehla ngokushesha, oboniswa ngezimpawu:
- ukushaya ngamandla njalo, i-tachycardia;
- ukuhlaselwa yindlala;
- ukukhuphuka kokujuluka;
- ukuthuthumela kwemisipha;
- ukwehluleka noma ukusondela kukho.
Zonke lezi zimpawu zibonisa ukuthi isiguli sidinga ukunikeza ukunakekelwa kwezokwelashwa, ukuthola izizathu, ngoba awukwazi ukuqala inqubo.
Ngokuvamile kuyenzeka ukuthi kutholakale izinkinga ngokuhlolwa udokotela ngendlela esejwayelekile.
Ingozi yokwandisa isilinganiso se-insulin
Uma isilinganiso se-insulin ye-hormone egazini sikhuphuka, kuyingozi esigulini esinesifo sikashukela kanye nabantu abanempilo, lesi simo siveza imiphumela ebuhlungu evela kwizitho zangaphakathi, ukusebenza kwabo kuyaphazamiseka.
Inani elikhulayo le-insulin lithinta kabi isimo sezindonga zemithambo yegazi nemithambo yegazi, okusongela ukuthuthukiswa komfutho wegazi ophakeme. Lapho i-vasency patency ikhula kakhulu, ingozi yezinkinga eziyingozi ezivela enhliziyweni nemithambo yegazi iyanda.
I-carotid artery ingahlupheka, amangqamuzana ayo, izindonga ziya ngokuya ziqina, zixegise, okubangela ukuwohloka kokuhlinzekelwa kwegazi kubuchopho. Izazi zesifo sikashukela sokuguga ziyozwa lesi simo ngokuncipha kwenkumbulo, ukuwohloka kokucaca kokucabanga, ukwehla kwezinga lokuphendula kwengqondo, kanye nokunye ukuphazamiseka kokusebenza.
Ngomphumela ongemuhle kakhulu kubantu, i-insulin ayikwazi ukulawula inhlala-kahle, ngoba imane nje iyeka ukukhiqizwa, kuthayipha isifo sikashukela esingu-1. Isifo esinjalo sigcwele:
- izinguquko ezingxenyeni zazo zonke izitho nezinhlelo, zivame ukungaphenduki;
- isiguli asikwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kokufakwa kwe-insulin.
Odokotela balule ukuba bathathe izivivinyo ngokushesha uma usola ushintsho kwisilinganiso se-glucose kuya ku-insulin.
Kungenzeka ukuthi kugwenywe izinkinga eziyingozi nezinkulu, uma kuthathwa izinyathelo ezifanele, kunqunywa ukwelashwa.
Lapho inani le-hormone egazini liguquka kakhulu, udinga ukuqinisa impilo yakho ngokushesha okukhulu.
Izindlela zokwelapha
I-insulin ephezulu kuphela akuyona ukuhlonza, udinga ukuthola imbangela yangempela yenkinga, udinga ukuqala ukwelashwa nalokhu. I-hormone ingancishiswa ngemithi ekhethekile, ithathwa kuphela njengoba kuyalelwe ngudokotela.
Njengoba i-insulin yomuntu ingalawuli ushukela kahle ngokwanele, kuyadingeka ukunamathela ekudleni okune-carb okwesikhashana, ukukhipha ushukela ekudleni. Kuyadingeka futhi ukulahla ukusetshenziswa kasawoti, ukudla nge-sodium, ukunciphisa inani lamakhalori ekudleni.
Kunconywa ukufaka izinhlanzi, inyama, imikhiqizo yobisi, okusanhlamvu okuphelele, amaqanda enkukhu emenyu kakusekho kaningi ukwedlula kaningana ngeviki. Kuvunyelwe ukudla imifino ngendlela eluhlaza noma ebilisiwe, kudliwa ama-apula namakhabe kusuka kuzithelo, ama-sitrobheli, ama-raspberry kanye nama-cherries akhethwa kumajikijolo.
Odokotela balule ukwanda kokuzivocavoca komzimba, kepha ngokungakhathali kakhulu kulolu daba, i-hormone elawula ushukela inciphisa ukuzivocavoca ngehora, ingafakwa ohlelweni lwansuku zonke:
- ukugijima kwasekuseni;
- ukuhamba kusihlwa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, udinga ukuphuza i-decoction, ukumnika kwe-peppermint, i-chamomile, i-yarrow, izitshalo zizokwenza ngokwejwayelekile izitho zangaphakathi, zithulule ama-pancreas. Njengoba sesizitholile izizathu, njengoba sesixoxile ngokudla nodokotela, sashintsha indlela ejwayelekile yansuku zonke, sibheka inkambo yokwelashwa, kungenzeka ukwenza umzimba usebenze ngokujwayelekile.
Izizathu zokwanda kwezinga le-insulin egazini zichazwe kuvidiyo kule ndatshana.