Isimo esenzeka nge-cholesterol ephezulu siyingozi kunoma imuphi umntwana onempilo noma umuntu omdala. Kodwa-ke, kwisifo sikashukela, isifo sokuxilongwa kwe-lipid metabolism sandisa kakhulu ingozi yokuba nezinkinga ezinkulu zesifo esingamahlalakhona.
I-cholesterol itholakala ngaphakathi kuwo wonke umzimba onempilo. I-Fatty alcohol iyingxenye ebalulekile yamaseli, ivuselela ubuchopho namasosha omzimba, futhi ibandakanyeka ekuthweni kwamavithamini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, into iyadingeka ekuhlelweni kwamahomoni amaningi.
Ngokusho komqondo wezokwelapha, i-cholesterol imbi futhi yinhle, ngakho-ke ukuhlolwa kwegazi okune-biochemical kukuvumela ukuthi ukhethe ngasikhathi sinye izingxenyana ezimbalwa zale nkomba. Njengomthetho, ezinganeni ezihlushwa isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 nohlobo 2, kuvame ukuba nezinga eliphakeme le-cholesterol embi ngenani elikhulayo le-triglycerides.
Ama-lipoproteins we-density ephezulu avikela uhlelo lwezinhliziyo ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene zomonakalo. Ngo-diabetes, synthesis yemvelo yaleli protein incishiswe kakhulu, kepha-ke, ukwanda kwe-titer of low density lipoproteins kuyabonakala. Ukuthuthuka okunjalo kwesimo akukuhambi kahle.
Uma unganciphisi inani lesikhombisi ngendlela esifike ngesikhathi, kufakwa amafuta odongeni lwemithambo yegazi, kuvala isikhala sangaphakathi semigwaqo yegazi. Kodwa-ke, ukuntuleka kwe-cholesterol enhle kunciphisa i-artery yezokuvikela kwayo kwemvelo, ngakho-ke, ngesifo sikashukela samafomu 1 no-2, ukubulawa yi-thrombosis, imivimbo, isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi nokunye, kuvame kakhulu.
Ikakhulu abasengozini kukhona abanesifo sikashukela abahlushwa ukukhuluphala. Kulokhu, abathandekayo balezo ziguli kufanele bazi ukuthi kufanele benze kanjani uma ingane iqala unhlangothi. Ngokwezibalo, cishe ama-35% emishanguzo ibulala kuphela ngoba abanye bebengazi ukuthi baziphathe kanjani esimweni esinjalo.
Izimbangela ze-High Cholesterol
Ngaphambi kokwehlisa ukugcwala kwe-cholesterol, udinga ukuqonda ukuthi kungani iphakanyisiwe. Kunezizathu eziningi eziphambili ezibangela ukwanda kokuqukethwe kwento. Izingane ezinesifo sikashukela kufanele zigadwe ngabazali bazo.
Isici ngasinye esandisa i-cholesterol siyisibonakaliso sempilo engajwayelekile yesifo sikashukela.
Ukugqugquzela ukwanda kwesikhombi kungaba yizizathu ezinjengokuthi:
- Indlela yokuphila yokuhlala, cishe ukuntuleka okuphelele kokuzivocavoca umzimba.
- Ukwanda kwe-lipoprotein ekhuphuka kakhulu kungabangelwa nokusebenzisa kabi utshwala nokubhema. Kungakuhle futhi ukuqaphela ukuthi ukubhema okungenamqondo nakho kuyabhekwa.
- Isisindo ngokweqile ngaso sonke isikhathi "kusondele" ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-metabolic. Kuvela ukuthi cishe i-cholesterol emibi ngokuphelele izosala ngaphakathi emzimbeni, ngoba ukusilela kwento yayo uqobo kuzoba nomthelela omubi ekuphumeni kwayo.
- Inkomba inyuka ngeminyaka.
- Ukuqunjelwa kwe-cholesterol kungahle kube kukhulu ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ze-hormonal.
- I-pathology ye-fat metabolism nayo ingatholakala njengefa.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuqaphela ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi wehlise i-cholesterol enoshukela esikhathini esifushane usebenzisa izondlamzimba zokudla.
Ukudla okunengqondo kuzosiza ingane enesifo sikashukela ingagcini ngokuqinisa ushukela wegazi, kodwa futhi kunciphise i-cholesterol eyingozi.
I-cholesterol ephezulu kushukela
Isifo sikashukela enganeni sibangela ushintsho emithanjeni yegazi. Okuqukethwe ushukela okuphezulu kubenza babe brittle more and kancane nokunwebeka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sifo sikhinyabeza ukukhiqizwa kwenani elikhulayo lama-radicals mahhala.
Ama-radicals wamahhala amaseli abonakala ngomsebenzi wamakhemikhali aphezulu. Eqinisweni, le yi-oksijini, elahlekelwe i-elektroni eyodwa futhi yaba ngumenzeli omkhulu oxidizing. Okuqukethwe okulungile kwama-oxidizing radicals kumele kube semzimbeni ukuze ukwazi ukulwa nanoma yikuphi ukutheleleka.
Ukwehla kwemithambo yegazi kuthinta kabi ijubane lokuhamba kwegazi, okuholela ekuthuthukisweni kwezinqubo zokuvuvukala hhayi kuphela ohlelweni lokujikeleza, kepha nezicubu ezizungezile.
Ukuze ulwe ne-foci yokuvuvukala, umzimba usebenzisa ama-radicals wamahhala, ngenxa yokuthi kuvela ama-microcracks amaningi.
Ukubalwa kwegazi
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-lipids kunikeza imininingwane ephelele ngokuqukethwe kwe-cholesterol embi nokuhle. Umphumela otholwayo uvame ukubizwa ngephrofayili ye-lipid. Akukhombisi kuphela uhlangothi olukhombayo lwesikhombisi, kepha futhi nokuguqulwa kwayo futhi, ngaphezu kwalokho, okuqukethwe kwe-triglycerides.
Kumuntu ophilile, i-cholesterol yegazi akufanele idlule ngaphezu kuka-3 - 5 mmol / l, enganeni ene-diabetes, inkomba akufanele ibe ngaphezulu kuka-4.5 mmol / l.
Kulokhu, inkomba kufanele ihlaziywe ngokufanele:
- Amaphesenti angama-20 e-cholesterol ephelele kufanele abe kwi-lipoprotein enhle. Kwabesilisa, inkomba ifinyelela ku-1.7 mmol / L, nakwabesifazane - kusuka ku-1,4 kuye ku-2 mmol / L.
- Ngesikhathi esifanayo, cishe amaphesenti angamashumi ayisikhombisa e-cholesterol ephelele i-lipoprotein embi. Isikhombi saso akufanele singeqi i-4 mmol / l, kungakhathalekile ubulili bengane.
Imbangela yokuqina kokuqina kwesifo sikashukela esemncane kakhulu kungaba ukwanda okuqhubekayo kokuhlushwa kwe-beta-cholesterol. Kungenxa yalesi sizathu ukuthi abantu abanesifo sikashukela kumele bahlolwe njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ukuqapha izinga futhi, uma kunesidingo, balungisa ukwelashwa okusekelwe kulo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-cholesterol enganele iyingozi njengesibalo sayo ngokweqile. Lapho umzimba untula i-beta-cholesterol, kukhona ukwephulwa kokuthuthwa kwe-cholesterol kumaseli, ngakho-ke inqubo yokuvuselelwa kabusha, ukukhiqizwa kwamahomoni amaningi, i-bile iyancipha, futhi ukugaya ukudla okudliwayo kuyinkimbinkimbi.
Ukwelashwa kanjani?
Kunoma ikuphi yobudala, futhi ikakhulukazi ebuntwaneni, i-cholesterol nesifo sikashukela zixhumene kakhulu, ngakho-ke kudingeka wazi ukuthi yiziphi izindlela okufanele uzithathe ngokumelene nale nkinga. Ukwelashwa okuhle kwe-cholesterol yegazi kushukela kuyindlela yokudla elinganiselayo.
Kufakazelwe ukuthi unganciphisa ukugcwala kwe-cholesterol ngokwenqaba ukudla uwoyela, inyama enamafutha kanye nokubhaka. Izingane ezinesifo sikashukela, njengabantu abadala, zithambekele ekwakheni i-atherosclerosis kunabantu abanempilo. Lesi sifo sikhonjiswa ngokuvela kwama-cholesterol plaque ezindongeni zemithambo yegazi anciphisa ububanzi besiteshi.
Ngakho-ke, ukuze ugweme imiphumela, ukudla okuqinile kuyadingeka, okususelwa ekusetshenzisweni kokudla okuqukethe okuqukethwe kwe-cholesterol ephansi. Kunemikhiqizo eminingi ephambili enconyelwe ukusetshenziswa ukuze kuncishiswe ukuqoqwa kwe-lipoprotein:
- I-Flaxseed noma i-olive yamafutha. Izazi zezokondla zincoma ukuthi izingane zingene esikhundleni sokusetshenziswa kwamafutha ezilwane ngokudla okugcwele ngamafutha asezingeni eliphezulu ngaphandle kwe-cholesterol. Amafutha e-flaxseed aqukethe i-linoleic ne-alpha-linolenic acid. Lawa ma-asidi athuthukisa ukusebenzisana kwamaselula, amafutha ne-lipid metabolism, futhi avuselela ukusebenza kobuchopho. Kodwa-ke, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi umkhiqizo awukwazi ukuhlukunyezwa, ngoba isipuni esisodwa sawo siqukethe i-kcal eyi-150.
- Izinhlanzi ezinamafutha. Okungenani kathathu ngesonto, umuntu onesifo sikashukela udinga ukudla i-mackerel, i-trout, i-salmon, i-herring, i-salmon noma i-sardines. Amafutha aqukethe izinhlanzi ezivela olwandle olubandayo asusa ukususwa kwe-lipoprotein embi emzimbeni. Kodwa-ke, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi okunye ukudla kwasolwandle, isibonelo, i-caviar, i-shrimp, i-oysters, i-cuttlefish, i-shrimp iqukethe inani elikhulu le-cholesterol.
- Amantongomane. Isonto lonke, ingane yesifo sikashukela kufanele idle cishe amagremu ayi-150 wamantongomane ngesonto. Zigcwele izinto zokulandela umkhondo namavithamini, kepha azinayo i-cholesterol. Ama-alimondi nama-walnuts anokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-magnesium, i-Vitamin E, i-arginine, i-folic acid nezinye izinto eziwusizo ezisekela umsebenzi wenhliziyo zilungele kangcono lezi zinhloso.
- Izithelo nemifino emisha. Kubandakanya fiber eningi kanye nokudla okunamafutha. Abantu abanesifo sikashukela kufanele banikeze abakuthandayo ama-apula, izithelo zamawolintshi kanye neklabishi, okwehlisa ngokushesha i-cholesterol, kanye nokumisa inqubo ye-thrombosis, kuthuthukisa imiphumela ye-insulin, futhi kwehlise nomfutho wegazi.
- Ukunciphisa i-cholesterol ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela (uhlobo lokuqala), kunconywa ukuthi kudliwe cishe ngo-0,5 - 1 kg wezithelo nemifino nsuku zonke, okuvimbela ukuguquguquka okubukhali kushukela wegazi. Ngakho-ke, ubhanana, amagilebhisi, amazambane kanye nommbila sikashukela awulungele ukusetshenziswa.
- Ukwehlisa i-cholesterol kwenzeka futhi ngemuva kokudla ukudla okuvela kumabele nama-okusanhlamvu okuphelele, aqukethe ifayibha eningi encibilikayo, ewusizo ezinganeni ezinesifo sikashukela. I-Oat bran nayo ingcono kunephilisi.
Lolu hlobo lokwelashwa lubhekwa njengolusebenza kakhulu. Akunakwenzeka ukwehlisa izinga le-cholesterol ngaphandle kokudla okuhleliwe kahle nemenyu enengqondo. Noma yiziphi izidakamizwa zinomphumela wesikhashana.
Ukudla okunempilo, uma kunesidingo, kungahle kuhambisane nokwelashwa. Umuthi ngamunye osetshenzisiwe kufanele unqunywe ngudokotela, ngesikhathi sokwelashwa, ukwamukela kulawulwa ngokuqinile futhi, uma kunesidingo, kulungiswa.
Izimbangela ze-cholesterol ephezulu kushukela zichaziwe kuvidiyo kule ndatshana.
