Ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwe-1 kanye nefomu elinganakwa lesibili, kubalulekile ukufaka njalo i-insulin emzimbeni ukuze ulondoloze isimo sempilo esijwayelekile.
Kepha ukusetshenziswa kwenqubo enjalo kubangela ukuphazamiseka okuningi, ngokwesibonelo, uma kunesidingo sokwenza umjovo kwezokuhamba zomphakathi.
Ngenxa yentuthuko kwezokwelapha zesimanje, abanesifo sikashukela bangenza izimpilo zabo zibe lula ngokusebenzisa iphampu ye-insulin. Kepha liyini iphampu le-insulin? Lusebenza kanjani ucingo futhi lusetshenziswa nini?
Yini iphampu ye-insulin? Le yithuluzi elikhethekile elinqunyelwe ukuletha i-insulin koshukela. Idivayisi inesisindo esincane nosayizi.
Iphampu ye-insulin yesithombe esingezansi, inezingxenye ezintathu - ipompo, ikherubi nesethi yokufaka. Iphampu ye-insulin yilapho okuqhamuka khona umuthi. Futhi, ikhompyutha yakhiwe lapha ekuvumela ukuthi ulawule idivaysi.
Yini le divayisi futhi isebenza kanjani?
Ama-insulin catheters ayidamu lapho kutholakala khona i-insulin. Isethi yokufakwa kwepompulini ye-insulin ifaka i-cannula yokujova ikhambi ngaphansi kwesikhumba, namashubhu axhumanisa isihlambi nomuthi nenalithi. Ungakusebenzisa konke lokhu ngezinsuku ezintathu kuphela.
I-cannula ene-catheter ibekwa kusetshenziswa isichibi esinamathiselwe endaweni yomzimba lapho kufakwa khona isirinji se-insulin (ehlombe, isisu, amathanga). Ukufakwa kwephampu ye-insulin kungokulandelayo: idivaysi ibekwe ebhandeni ezingutsheni zesiguli, isebenzisa iziqeshana ezikhethekile.
Uma amasethingi esethwe kabusha noma idivaysi intsha, idivaysi ihlelwe ngudokotela ohambelayo. Udokotela ubeka imingcele edingekayo epompini, utshela isiguli ukuthi sisebenza kanjani nokuthi siyisebenzisa kanjani. Kungcono ukungasebenzisi amadivaysi ngokwakho, ngoba ukunganembi okuncane kungavusa ikhehla lesifo sikashukela.
Idivayisi yokufaka i-insulin isuswa kuphela lapho bebhukuda. Ngemuva kwalokhu, isiguli kufanele silinganise ushukela wegazi.
Ngabe isebenza kanjani iphampu ye-insulin? Idivayisi isebenza ngesisekelo sepancreas enempilo. Idivayisi yethula isixazululo ngezindlela ezimbili:
- isisekelo;
- bolus.
Usuku lonke, ama-pancreas afaka i-insal insulin ngejubane elihlukile. Futhi ukukhiqizwa kwamaphampu kwe-insulin kwakamuva kwenza sikwazi ukusetha izinga lokuphathwa kwama-basal hormone. Ipharamitha leli lingaguqulwa njalo ngemizuzu engama-30 ngokohlelo.
Ngaphambi kokudla ukudla, kuthathwa umthamo we-bolus solution. Umuntu onesifo sikashukela wenza inqubo ngezandla zakhe ngaphandle kokuzenzakalelayo. Ungafaka futhi uhlelo lokwethula umthamo owodwa wento, owenziwa ngemuva kokunquma ukugcwala okukhulu kweglucose yegazi.
I-insulin iza ngenani elincane: ukusuka kuma-0,025 kuya kuma-0.100 amayunithi ngesikhathi ngejubane elithile. Isibonelo, uma ijubane lingama-0,60 PIECES ngemizuzu engama-60, khona-ke iphampu ye-insulin izokhipha isixazululo njalo ngemizuzu engama-5 noma amasekhondi ayi-150 ngevolumu yamayunithi angama-0,025.
Izinkomba kanye ne-contraindication
Ukwelashwa kwe-insulin kwenziwa ngokucela isiguli. Kwenziwa nesinxephezelo esingesihle sesifo sikashukela, lapho i-hemoglobin ye-glycated ezinganeni ingu-7.5%, kuthi kubantu abadala - 7%.
Ukusetshenziswa kwensiza kuyanconywa lapho uhlela ukukhulelwa, ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ukubeletha nangemva kwalokho. Ngomqondo "wokusa kokusa", ukuguquguquka okukhulu ekubandakanyeni ushukela egazini, imiphumela ehlukile yesidakamizwa nokukhula okuvame kwe-hypoglycemia, ukusetshenziswa kwensimbi yomjovo we-insulin nakho kuyaboniswa.
Okunye ukwelashwa okusha kwe-insulin ezinganeni. Ngokuvamile, ukusetshenziswa kwensiza kuyalulekwa ngazo zonke izinhlobo zesifo sikashukela esidinga ukwenziwa kwehomoni.
Contraindication yilezi:
- izifo zengqondo ezingavumeli umuntu ukuthi asebenzise uhlelo ngokwanele;
- isimo sengqondo esingalungile nesingalungile empilweni yomuntu (ukondliwa okungenakulinganiswa, ukunganakwa kwemithetho yokusetshenziswa kwensiza, njll.);
- ukungaboni kahle, okwenza kungakwazi ukufunda imininingwane kuqapha;
- ukusetshenziswa kwe-insulin isikhathi eside, okucasulayo ukugxuma okubukhali ku-glycemia.
Okuhle nokubi
Izinzuzo zephampu ye-insulin ziningi. Lokhu kungukuthuthuka kwezinga lempilo, kuqeda isidingo sokulawulwa njalo kwesikhathi ngomjovo ozimele. Ukubuyekezwa kusho ukuthi iphampu isebenzisa isidakamizwa esisebenza esifushane, ngakho-ke ukudla kwesiguli kungenzeka kungagcini lapho.
Inzuzo elandelayo yokusebenzisa ucingo induduzo engokwengqondo yesiguli, imvumela ukuthi angavezi ngokugula kwakhe. Idivayisi ifakwe imitha ekhethekile ebala umthamo ngokunemba ngangokunokwenzeka. Olunye uhlangothi oluhle lwe-insulin yokwelapha olususelwa kumpompothi wukuncipha kwezikhonkwane zesikhumba.
Kepha umuntu osebenzisa le divayisi uyazi futhi ukushiyeka kwayo:
- izindleko eziphakeme;
- ukungathembeki kocingo (i-insulin crystallization, ukungasebenzi kahle kohlelo), ngenxa yokuthi ukuhlinzekwa kwe-homon kuvame ukuphazamiseka;
- hhayi ama-aesthetics - iziguli eziningi azithandi ukuthi amashubhu nenaliti zihlala zikuzo;
- izindawo zesikhumba lapho kufakwa khona i-cannula;
- ukungakhululeki okwenzeka ngesikhathi sokulala, ukuvivinya umzimba umzimba kanye nokugeza.
Futhi, ukulimala kwamadivayisi angenisa i-insulin isinyathelo sokudayela umthamo we-bolus we-hormone - amayunithi angu-0,1. Umthamo onjalo ulawulwa kungaphansi kwemizuzu engama-60 kamuva futhi umthamo omncane we-insulin wansuku zonke amayunithi ayi-2.4. Enganeni enohlobo lokuqala lwesifo sikashukela kanye neziguli ezindala ekudleni okuphansi kwe-carb, umthamo mkhulu.
Ukuthatha ukuthi izidingo zansuku zonke zesifo sikashukela kuyi-insal insulin amayunithi ayi-6. Lapho usebenzisa i-apparatus enesinyathelo sokudayela se-0.1 PIECES, isiguli kuzofanele singene kuma-4,8 PIECES noma ama-7.9 PIECES we-insulin ngosuku. Njengomphumela, kukhona ukusesha noma ukushoda.
Kepha kunezinhlobo zokuqamba zokukhiqiza zaseRussia ezinesinyathelo esinqunyelwe sika-0.025 PIECES. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi wenze ngokwejwayelekile inqubo yokuphatha umuthi kwizifo zikashukela zabantu abadala, kodwa ezinganeni ezinesifo sohlobo 1, inkinga ayixazululwa.
Okunye ukubuyisa okukhulu ezigulini ebezisebenzisa umpompo iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-7 ukwakheka kwe-fibrosis endaweni yokufakwa kwenaliti.
Ukwakheka kwenza ukumuncwa kwe-insulin kube nzima futhi nomphumela wayo ube ongalindeleki.
Izinhlobo zamaphampu we-insulin kanye namanani azo
Namuhla, abanesifo sikashukela banikezwa ithuba lokukhetha imishini yokwelashwa kwe-insulin enikezwa abakhiqizi abavela emazweni ehlukene. Phakathi kweziguli, kunesilinganiso ngisho samaphampu we-insulin.
Iziguli zikholelwa ukuthi uhlelo lomjovo we-insulin kufanele lube nezimpawu ezimbalwa. Intengo kumele ihambisane nekhwalithi nezici.
Enye insiza kufanele ibe nememori eyakhelwe ngaphakathi ngokuqapha izinga le-glycemic. Amanye amapharamitha abalulekile ukuba khona kwemenyu ngesiRussia nokulawulwa kude.
Kubalulekile ukuthi amaphampu e-insulin ahlelwe ngenxa yohlobo lwe-insulin efakiwe futhi abe nezindawo ezinhle zokuvikela. Futhi, iphampu ye-insulin kumele ibe nohlelo lokubala ngokuzenzakalela imijovo ye-insulin nohlelo lokukhulisa ama-hormone.
Phakathi kwabanesifo sikashukela, insiza evela enkampanini iROSH Accu Chek Combo ithandwa kakhulu. Uhlelo lokuqapha ngokuqhubekayo ushukela kanye nokwenyuka (umsebenzi wokwandisa igxathu ngenani elinqunyelwe ngaphambili) izinzuzo zokuqala zephampu.
Izinzuzo ezisele zamadivayisi ahlinzekwa yi-ROSH afaka:
- ukulingisa okunembile kokudla okungokomzimba kwe-hormone;
- ukwethulwa kwezinhlobo ezine ze-bolus;
- ukuba khona kwamaphrofayili ayi-5 nokulawula okukude;
- amamenyu ambalwa ongakhetha kuwo;
- ukuphathwa kwe-insulin kokujikeleza
- ukudluliselwa kwemininingwane yokulinganisa ekhompyutheni;
- ukubeka izikhumbuzi namamenyu ngamunye.
Idivayisi inedivayisi eyakhelwe ngaphakathi yokulinganisa ushukela (glucometer). Ukunquma izinga le-glycemia, kusetshenziswe imichilo ye-Akku-Chek No No. 50/100.
I-Accu Chek Combo yiphampu ye-insulin ehamba phambili yezingane. Idivayisi ifakwe i-kude elawula ngaphandle kwe-wireless evumela abazali ukuthi balawule ukuhamba kwe-insulin ngisho nangaphandle kokusondela kwengane. Kepha okubaluleke kakhulu, ngeke abuzwe ubuhlungu obuvela ngenxa yemijovo ye-insulin engapheli.
Kubiza malini i-ROSH Insulin Pump? Izindleko zompompo we-insufu ye-Accu Chek Combo zingama- $ 1,300. Izintengo zokuthengwa kwephampu ye-insulin - izinaliti ezisukela ku-5,280 kuya kuma-ruble ayi-7,200, ibhethri - ama-ruble angama-3,207, uhlelo lwe-cartridge - ruble eyi-1,512, imichilo yokuhlola - ukusuka kuma-ruble ayi-1,115.
Abaningi besifo sikashukela bayaqiniseka ukuthi kungcono ukusebenzisa umjovo we-American Medtronic insulin. Le yinto entsha yesizukulwane enikezela ukulethwa kwe-insulin.
Ubukhulu bedivaysi lincane, ngakho-ke ngeke kubonakale ngaphansi kwezingubo. Idivayisi yethula ikhambi ngokunemba okukhulu. Futhi uhlelo olwenzelwe ngaphakathi lweBolus Assistant likuvumela ukuthi uthole ukuthi ngabe kukhona i-insulin esebenza futhi ubale inani lezinto ezisebenzayo ezisuselwa ekuqoqweni kweglucose kanye nenani lokudla okudliwayo.
Amaphampu we-instronic insulin anezinye izinzuzo:
- iwashi le-alamu elakhelwe ngaphakathi;
- ukufakwa okuzenzakalelayo kwe-catheter emzimbeni;
- imenyu ebanzi;
- ikhibhodi ikhibhodi;
- isikhumbuzi sokuthi i-insulin iyaphela.
Izinto ezisetshenziselwa yipampu ye-insulin ye-Medtronic zihlala zitholakala. Futhi amadivaysi ngokwawo angcono kunamanye amaphampu afakwe ukuqapha kwezikhathi zonke kwezinkomba ze-glycemia.
Amadivaysi e-Medtronic akagcini ukuletha i-hormone emzimbeni, kodwa futhi ayeke nokuphathwa kwayo uma kunesidingo. Inqubo yokumisa yenzeka ngemuva kwamahora ama-2 ngemuva komzuzwana lapho inzwa yensimbi yokusebenza isebenza khona.
Cishe izinkulungwane ezimbili zamadola - inani elilinganisiwe lanoma imaphi amaphampu e-insulin, izinto ezidliwayo - ama-catheters - kusuka kuma-ruble ayi-650, izinaliti - kusuka kuma-ruble angama-450. Intengo yethangi lamaphampu we-insulin ingama-ruble ayi-150 nangaphezulu.
Amaphampu we-insulin angenantambo we-Omnipod nawo adumile phakathi kwabanesifo sikashukela. Uhlelo lolu, olwenziwe yinkampani yakwa-Israeli iGeffen Medical, luyintuthuko ehamba phambili ekwelapheni isifo sikashukela. Ngokuphepha kwesingeniso, ifakwe i-hearth nolawulo olukude.
Ngaphansi - ithangi elincane elixhumene nomzimba nge-plaster enamathela. Inqubo yokulethwa kwe-insulin ilawulwa wukulawulwa okukude.
Kungani amaphampu e-Omnipod engcono kunamanye amadivayisi afanayo? Lapho uzisebenzisa, asikho isidingo sokusebenzisa izintambo, izinto ezidliwayo kanye nama-cannulas.
Kulula kakhulu ukulawula ukusebenza kwensiza ye-Omnipod usebenzisa isilawuli kude esilingana neselula. Izici ezinjalo zikuvumela ukuthi uzithwale yonke indawo nawe.
Uhlelo lwe-Omnipod luyidivayisi ehlakaniphile futhi esebenzayo. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ifakwe ngobuningi bezinhlelo ezakhelwe ngaphakathi kanye ne-electrochemical glucometer ukubala inani elidingekayo le-insulin.
Lezi zinhlobo zamaphampu aziwatholakali ngokuphelele amanzi, okukuvumela ukuthi ungasusi ucingo ngenkathi ubhukuda. Izindleko zedivayisi - zisuka kumadola angama-530, izikhala zephampu - amadola angama-350.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi embukisweni ngonyaka we-2015 eRussia, isitshalo seMedintez sethule impompo evela kumenzi wasekhaya. Inzuzo yayo ukuthi ingaphenduka indawo ephelele yabalingani bakwamanye amazwe ababizayo.
Ukukhiqiza kuzoqala ngasekupheleni kuka-2017. Kucatshangwa ukuthi iphampu ye-insulin yaseRussia izobiza ama-20-25% ngaphansi kwezilinganiso ezingenisiwe. Ngempela, intengo ephakathi yedivayisi yakwamanye amazwe isukela kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-120 kuye kwangama-160, kanti umuntu onesifo sikashukela ngokwesilinganiso usebenzisa ama-ruble ayi-8,000 kokudla (imichilo, izinaliti, isethi yokufakwa).
Ngakho-ke, amaphampu amasha we-insulin, izinzuzo nezingozi ziyafana. Kepha ukukhiqizwa kwemishini yezokwelapha kuthuthuka ngokushesha, ngakho-ke izidakamizwa zokulwa nesifo sikashukela zihlala zithuthukiswa, futhi mhlawumbe eminyakeni embalwa ezimbalwa iphampu ye-insulin izotholakala cishe kubo bonke abantu abanesifo sikashukela.
Isazi sevidiyo esikulesi sihloko sizokhuluma ngepompo ye-insulin.
