"I-Metformin yandisa impilo" - lo ngumbono obekwa phambili ososayensi abaningi ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okuhlukahlukene kwempilo. Abantu abanesifo sikashukela bavame ukujwayelana nalesi sidakamizwa, abaphoqelelwa ukuthi baphuze iphilisi cishe kuyo yonke impilo yabo.
Lo muthi ungomunye wezidakamizwa onomphumela we-hypoglycemic, ngenxa yalokho uba ngumngane ojwayelekile ekwakhiweni kwe-hyperglycemia. Ngabe iMetformin ingathathwa ngabantu abaphilile uma singekho isifo sikashukela?
Ucwaningo lwesayensi lufakazela ukuthi i-metformin yokwelula isikhathi sokuphila umuthi olwa nokuguga.
Ukusetshenziswa kwayo kunomthelela ekuvinjelweni kokuguga emzimbeni womuntu.
I-Metformin inciphisa inqubo yokuguga ezingeni lamaselula.
Ngokusho kwezifundo zobudokotela, umuthi ungaletha imiphumela elandelayo elandelayo ngokusetshenziswa kwawo:
Inomsebenzi wokuvikela ngokuqondene nomsebenzi wobuchopho bokulwa nokuguga. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi esinye sezifo ze-senile ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo i-Alzheimer's, lapho kunokwehla okukhulu kwesibalo samaseli ezinzwa ku-hippocampus.
Ngokusekelwe ocwaningweni, kwafakazelwa ukuthi umuthi uvusa amaseli we-stem, ngenxa yalokho kwakheka ama-neurons amasha - amaseli obuchopho kanye nentambo yomgogodla.
Ukuze ukhombise lo mphumela, udinga ukuthatha igremu eyodwa yesithako esisebenzayo - i-metformin hydrochloride - ngosuku.
Lomthamo wenzelwa iziguli ezinesisindo somzimba samakhilogremu angamashumi ayisithupha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izifo ezahlukahlukene zohlelo lwezinhliziyo ziqala ukubonakala ngobudala.
Ukuthatha umuthi kusiza ukubuyisela amaseli ezinzwa zobuchopho ngemuva kokuhlaselwa imivimbo. I-Metformin iphinde ihlukanise ukuthuthukiswa kwe-sclerosis eminingi kubantu asebekhulile.
- Isiza ukuvimbela ukuvuvukala okungapheli ngenxa yamazinga aphezulu wamaphrotheni e-c-reactive e-diabetes.
- Inomphumela omuhle esizweni semithambo yegazi nenhliziyo. Ukubonakaliswa kokuwohloka kwemithambo ukuthuthukiswa kwe-atherosulinosis, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, i-hypertrophy yemisipha yenhliziyo, i-arrhythmia, noma ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo. Ukulungiswa kwethebhulethi kusiza ekunciphiseni ukukhula kwe-pathologies ehambisana nokuguga kohlelo lwe-vascular nenhliziyo.
- Umuthi uyakwazi ukudambisa ukuvela kokuqalwa kwe-vascular, ukuthuthukiswa kwawo kunomthelela ongemuhle emsebenzini wenhliziyo.
- Ingasetjentiswa njenge-prophylactic ekubonakalisweni kwesifo sikashukela noma ukulawula ukuthuthukiswa kwe-pathology, kuvimbela amathuba okuba nezinkinga ezahlukahlukene.
- Kakhulu kunciphisa ubungozi bokuthola izinqubo ze-pathological ezinomdlavuza (ukubonakaliswa "metformin nomdlavuza"). Umuthi unganciphisa amathuba okuba nomdlavuza wendlala yesibindi, isibindi, amanyikwe, ukuvela kwezimbangela ezinonya emaphashini. Kwesinye isikhathi kubekwa njengengxenye yokwelashwa ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kwamakhemikhali. Kungekudala kakhulu, kwenziwa izifundo zesayensi ezafakazela ukuthi ukuthatha kuphela ama-metronin angama-0.25 we-metformin ngosuku ngenyanga eyodwa kungacindezela umdlavuza we-colorectal.
- Isiza ukuthuthukisa umsebenzi wobulili kubantu besikhathi sokuthatha umhlalaphansi.
- Ungumuthi wokwelapha i-osteoporosis ne-rheumatoid arthritis ekuthuthukiseni isifo sikashukela.
- Uthuthukisa kahle umsebenzi we-thyroid.
- Isiza ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwezinso lapho kukhona i-nephropathy.
- Kunomphumela omuhle ekuqinisweni okuphelele kwamasosha omzimba.
- Inomsebenzi wokuzivikela mayelana nengozi yokuthola izifo zokuphefumula.
Ngakho-ke, umuthi uyakwazi ukuvikela umzimba womuntu ekukhuleni kwezifo eziningi futhi uphethe umphumela wokulwa nokuguga ojwayelekile.
Ukuvuselela umphumela wokuthatha umuthi
Umphumela wokulwa nokuguga komuthi ukhonjwe muva nje. Kuqala, umuthi lo wawukhiqizwa njengomuthi we-hypoglycemic ekwelapheni isifo sikashukela esinga-insulin.
Lo muthi watholakala ososayensi baseRussia cishe eminyakeni engamashumi ayisithupha edlule. Kuyo yonke le minyaka, kuye kwenziwa izivivinyo zemitholampilo ezahlukahlukene, ezibonisa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi usebenzise umuthi hhayi kuphela phakathi nesifo sikashukela. Ngokwezibalo zezokwelapha, labo onesifo sikashukela abathola inkambo yokwelapha besebenzisa i-metformin hydrochloride baphila cishe ikota isikhathi eside kunabantu ngaphandle kokuxilongwa. Kungakho, ososayensi banquma ukutadisha umuthi njengomuthi olwa nokuguga.
Eminyakeni embalwa edlule, kwenziwa ucwaningo lwesayensi e-Petrov Research Institute, olwabonisa ukuthi i-metformin ayisiyo ikhambi labantu abadala kuphela, kepha isivikelo ekubonakala komdlavuza. Lapho uthatha lesi sidakamizwa, ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza incipha isuka kumaphesenti angama-25 iye kwangama-40.
Imiyalo yokusebenzisa umuthi ayikhombisi lolo lwazi. Mhlawumbe lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukuguga komzimba womuntu kubhekwa njengenkambo ejwayelekile yokuphila, hhayi isifo.
Umphumela wokulwa nokuguga kokuthatha i-metformin ubonwa njengokulandelayo:
- ukukhishwa kwemithambo yegazi kusuka kuma-cholesterol plaque, akhombisa ukuguga kohlelo lwezinhliziyo, ngaleyo ndlela uhlelo olungejwayelekile lokujikeleza kwegazi, kuqeda ubungozi be-thrombosis kanye nokuncipha kokukhanya kwemithambo yegazi;
- ithuthukisa inkambiso yezinqubo ze-metabolic emzimbeni, inciphisa isifiso sokudla, njengoba ukuncipha kwesisindo kanye nokunciphisa isisindo, kunciphisa umthwalo emsebenzini wazo zonke izitho nezinhlelo ezibalulekile;
- ukwazi ukunciphisa ukumuncwa kwe-glucose emgudwini wokugaya ukudla. Impela, ukuguga ngaphambi kwesikhathi, njengoba kwaziwa, kusungulwa amandla ashukela angenayo ukusheshisa izinqubo zokuhlanganisa ama-protein molecule;
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa kweMetformin kuthuthukisa ukuphuma kwegazi.
Ukwakhiwa kwethuluzi nokusetshenziswa kwalo
I-metformin yezithako esebenzayo itholakala emithini eminingi yokwehlisa ushukela. Ngokusho kwesichasiso esisemthethweni somuthi, iyi-khemikhali esebenzayo eseqenjini lama-Biguanides wesizukulwane sesithathu futhi isiza ukwehlisa ngempumelelo amazinga kashukela egazi.
Ukwakheka kwalesi sidakamizwa kufaka okuwukuphela kwesithako esisebenzayo - i-metformin hydrochloride, enezelwa ngamakhompiyutha ahlukahlukene asizayo.
Namuhla emakhemisi ungathenga umuthi ngemithamo ehlukahlukene yesakhi esisebenzayo, kuya ngezidingo zesiguli kanye nobunzima besifo.
I-ejenti elwa nesifo sikashukela ivimbela inqubo ye-gluconeogeneis kanye nokuhanjiswa kwama-elektrikhi ngamaketanga okuphefumula e-mitochondria. I-Glycolysis ivuselelwa futhi amangqamuzana aqala ukumunca kangcono ushukela, ukumunca kwawo ngezindonga zamathumbu kuyehla.
Enye yezinzuzo zengxenye yamanje yamakhemikhali ukuthi ayivusi ukwehla okukhulu kwe-glucose. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-metformin akuyona into evuselelayo yokuqhekeka kwe-insulin ye-hormone.
Izinkomba eziphambili zokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezisuselwa ku-metformin zihambisana nemiyalo esemthethweni yokusetshenziswa:
- Ukuba khona kwe-metabolic syndrome noma ukubonakaliswa kokumelana ne-insulin.
- Njengomthetho, lapho kukhona ukumelana ne-insulin, ukukhuluphala kukhula ngokushesha ezigulini. Ngenxa yemiphumela ye-metformin nokunamathela ekunakekelweni kokudla okukhethekile, ukunciphisa umzimba kancane kancane kungatholakala.
- Uma kukhona ukwephulwa kokubekezelela ushukela.
- Kuvela isifo se-cleropolycystic ovary.
- I-mellitus yesifo sikashukela enganciki i-insulin njenge-monotherapy noma njengengxenye yokwelashwa okuyinkimbinkimbi.
- Isifo sikashukela kuyindlela yokuncika kwe-insulin ngokuhlangana nemijovo ye-insulin.
Lapho uqhathanisa amaphilisi asuselwa ku-metformin nezinye izidakamizwa ezokwehlisa ushukela, izinzuzo eziphambili ze-metformin kufanele zigqanyiswe:
- umphumela wazo ekunciphiseni ukumelana kwe-insulin esigulini, i-metformin hydrochloride iyakwazi ukukhuphula izinga lokuzwela kwamangqamuzana nezicubu kushukela okhiqizwe yi-pancreasꓼ
- ukuthatha lo muthi kuhambisana nokumunyiswa yizitho zepheshana lesisu. Ngakho-ke, ukunciphisa ijubane ukumuncwa kwe-glucose ngamathumbu kutholweꓼ
- inomthelela ekuvinjelweni kwe-gluconeogeneis yesibindi, inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi isinxephezelo soshukelaꓼ
- isiza ukunciphisa ukwehla kokudla, okubaluleke kakhulu kwabashukela abaneshukela ngokweqile
- kunomthelela omuhle ku-cholesterol, kunciphisa okubi futhi kukhulisa okuhleꓼ
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyasiza ukuguqula inqubo ye-peroxidation yamafutha.
Ungawuthatha kanjani umuthi?
Imvamisa, i-ejenti ye-hypoglycemic drug isetshenziswa ngendlela ye-monotherapy noma njengengxenye yokwelashwa okuphelele ukubuyisa izinga elidingekayo le-glycemia esigulini.
Kulokhu, ukunikezwa kwalo muthi kwenzeka kuphela ngudokotela onguchwepheshe odokotela onesifo sikashukela onjalo.
Ngaphambi kokunquma umuthi, kwenziwa ukuhlolwa okuphelele komzimba wesiguli.
Indlela yokuphatha kanye nomthamo isethwe isiguli ngasinye ngawodwana, ngokususelwe kumingcele enjalo:
- Ubunzima be-pathology kanye nezinga lokuxineka koshukela egazini.
- Isisindo sesigaba sesiguli nobudala bakhe.
- Ukuba khona kwezifo ezihlangene.
Ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa, kunconywa ukuthi uvivinywe okudingekayo futhi uthathe izivivinyo ukuthola ubungozi obukhona nokubonakaliswa kokungaphenduki okuhle lapho usebenzisa umuthi.
Umuthi wesifo sikashukela, njengomthetho, uthathwa ngokuya ngezinhlelo ezilandelayo:
- ngomlomo emva kokudla, ukuphuza uketshezi oluningiꓼ
- Ukwelapha kokuqala kufanele kuqale ngokungena okungenani kwento esebenzayo futhi kube ngamamayela angamakhulu amahlanu ngosukuꓼ
- ngemuva kwesikhashana (imvamisa ngemuva kwenkathi yamasonto amabili), udokotela ohambayo, ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yokuhlolwa kanye nenani le-glucose egazini, wenza isinqumo sokushintsha umthamo womuthi, ngokubheka ukuthi isilinganiso sansuku zonke esihluke ukusuka ku-500 kuye ku-1000 mg wezinto ezisebenzayo metformin hydrochloride;
- umthamo omkhulu ongatholakala wesidakamizwa esibhebhekiwe ngosuku akufanele udlule ku-3000 mg wesithako esisebenzayo, kubantu asebekhulile leli nani ngu-1000 mg.
Ungathatha i-metformin kanye noma kaningana ngosuku, kuya ngomthamo osunguliwe. Uma isiguli sidinga imithamo emikhulu yomuthi, kungcono ukwehlukanisa ukudla kwakhe izikhathi eziningana ngosuku.
Ukwemukelwa kokulungiswa kwethebhulethi njengokuvimbela ukuguga, njengomthetho, kuqukethe umthamo wansuku zonke we-250 mg wento esebenzayo. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 abaphakanyisiwe ukuthatha amaphilisi angaphezu kwamabili ngosuku. Cishe imithamo efanayo iyagcinwa kulezo zigaba zeziguli ezisebenzisa i-metformin njengendlela yokunciphisa isisindo.
Kufanele futhi kuqashelwe ukuthi ukuthathwa kwe-prophylactic yesidakamizwa kufanele kuhambisane nokudla okufanele - ukwenqatshwa kokudla okumnandi, okunamafutha kanye okuthosiwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukudla nsuku zonke ukudla akufanele kudlule ama-2500 kilocalories. Ngokubambisana nokusebenzisa umuthi, kuyadingeka ukuhola indlela yokuphila esebenzayo futhi uhlanganyele njalo ekwelashweni kokuzivocavoca ngesifo sikashukela.
Kulesi simo kuphela lapho umphumela omuhle ungatholakala.
Ukuphendula okungalungile kanye nokulimala okungenzeka okuvela kuMetformin
Ngaphandle kwesibalo sezakhiwo ezinhle ze-metformin hydrochloride, ukusetshenziswa kwayo okungafanele kungadala ukulimala okungalingani emzimbeni womuntu.
Kungakho abesifazane abaphilile abafuna izindlela ezilula zokunciphisa umzimba kudingeka bacabange ukuthi kufanelekile yini ukuthatha umuthi onjalo?
Ithebhulethi nayo isetshenziswa ngenkani njengesidakamizwa sokwehla kwesisindo. Ngabe i-metformin ingasetshenziswa ngaphandle kwesifo sikashukela?
Ukuphendula okungalungile okuphezulu okungenzeka ngenxa yokuthatha i-metformin hydrochloride kufaka phakathi:
- Ukuvela kwezinkinga ezahlukahlukene ngepheshana lesisu. Okokuqala, lezi yizimpawu ezinjengokucanuzelelwa kwenhliziyo nokuhlanza, isifo sohudo, ukuqhakaza nobumnene besisu.
- Umuthi ukhulisa ubungozi be-anorexia.
- Mhlawumbe ushintsho ekunambithekeni, olukhonjiswa lapho kwenzeka i-aftertaste engathandeki yensimbi emgodini womlomo.
- Ukwehla kwenani lamavithamini B, okuphoqa ukuthi ngaphezu kwalokho uthathe izidakamizwa ngezithasiselo zemithi.
- Ukuboniswa kwe-anemia.
- nge-overdose ebalulekile, kungahle kube nengozi ye-hypoglycemia.
- Izinkinga zesikhumba, uma kuvela ukubonakala kokungezwani nomuthi ophuzwayo.
Kulokhu, i-Metformin, i-Siofor noma amanye ama-generator ahlelekile angadala ukukhula kwe-lactic acidosis uma ukuqoqwa okukhulu kwesamba sawo kwenzeka emzimbeni. Ukubonakaliswa okungalungile okunjalo kuvame ukuvela ngokusebenza kabi kwezinso.
Kumele kwaziwe ukuthi kwenqatshelwe ukuthatha izidakamizwa lapho kukhomba lezi zinto ezilandelayo:
- I-acidosis ngamafomu asezingeni eliphakeme noma angamahlalakhona
- kumantombazane ngesikhathi sokuzala ingane noma ukuncelisaꓼ
- iziguli zomhlalaphansi, ikakhulukazi ngemuva kwamashumi ayisithupha nanhlanu
- ukungabekezelelani kwengxenye yomuthi, ngoba ukuthuthukiswa kokungezwani komzimba okunamandla kungenzeka
- uma isiguli sitholakala sinokuhluleka kwenhliziyoꓼ
- nge-myocardial infarctionꓼ yangaphambilini
- uma kwenzeka i-hypoxiaꓼ
- ngesikhathi sokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni, okungadalwa futhi yimikhuhlane ehlukahlukene yokutheleleka
- umsebenzi omkhulu wenyama physical
- ukwehluleka kwesibindi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-ejenti ye-hypoglycemic ithinta kabi i-mucosa yesisu, ngakho-ke kwenqatshelwe ukuyithatha lapho kukhona izifo zephephisi lesisu (ulcer).
U-Elena Malysheva uzokhuluma ngeMetformin kanye nochwepheshe kule vidiyo ekulesi sihloko.
