Vele, lapho umuntu ethola ukuthi unezinkinga noshukela, ufuna ukwazi kabanzi ngalesi sifo. Iziguli ezilwa nesifo sikashukela sezinhlobonhlobo zokuqala zithakazela kakhulu umbuzo wokuthi ungawujova kanjani kahle i-insulin. Vele, kulokhu, udinga ukutadisha imiyalo ngokucophelela futhi kungcono ukusebenzisa amadivaysi anamuhla.
Ngakho-ke amapeni amapeni athandwa kakhulu. Zisetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ngabantu abasha kanye nabahola impesheni, ngoba banomshini olula kakhulu, ngakho-ke asetshenziswa noma kuphi nanoma nini.
Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba ufunde ukuthi ungayifaka kanjani injulini i-insulin, kufanele uqonde ukuthi uluphi uhlobo lwendlela yokuphatha i-insulin efanele umuntu othile.
Ukufakwa kwama-insulin kuphathwa ngamadivayisi ezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene, okuthandwa kakhulu yipeni yesirinji, okubandakanya ukwethulwa komthamo othile womuthi. Kepha luhlobo luni lwendlela yokuphatha i-insulin elungele isiguli esithile kuphela olunqunywa ngudokotela wakhe ochwepheshe.
Ukuze unqume ngokunembile imithamo eqondile, kuyadingeka ukukala izinga le-glucose egazini okungenani isonto elilodwa futhi, ngokwesisekelo semininingwane etholakele, nquma ukuthi uzoyifaka nini insulin futhi nokuthi umthamo ungakanani.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi uma i-endocrinologist ingayihlaziyi le datha, kodwa imane ithi kuyadingeka ukuthi ifake insulin kabili ngosuku, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuguqula i-endocrinologist ibe uchwepheshe onquma umthamo ngamunye kanye nohlobo lokwelashwa.
Ilandela le nqubo, kuzodingeka uqonde ukuthi ungayijova kanjani kahle imijovo yesifo sikashukela futhi ungalimazi ngisho nempilo yakho.
Yini ebalulekile okufanele uyikhumbule lapho usebenzisa i-insulin?
Ngakho-ke, ngemuva kokuba umuntu ekhethe isakhi futhi waba nama-endocrinologist onolwazi, kubalulekile kuye ukuthi afunde ukuthi imjovo ye-insulin ikhishwa kangaki, futhi nokuthi imuphi umthamo.
Umhlinzeki wezokunakekelwa kwempilo kufanele anqume uma kunesidingo sokwethulwa kwe-insulin eyengeziwe esiswini esingenalutho. Ngemuva kwalokho uthola ukuthi angabeka umuthi umuthi we-ultrashort ngokushesha ngaphambi kokudla, uma kunjalo, yiluphi uphiko lwe-insulin okufanele lujovwe.
Kunezimo lapho kunesidingo sokwethula i-ejenti ebambela phambili nehlala isikhathi eside. Lokhu kungacaciswa uma, esikhathini eside, izinga loshukela wegazi lesiguli lilinganiswa njalo.
Imvamisa yokuxilongwa ingaphezu kane ngosuku, ikakhulukazi:
- ekuseni;
- ngaphambi kokudla;
- ngemuva kokudla ngakunye;
- kusihlwa.
Kufanele futhi uhlaziye ukuthi yimuphi umsebenzi ngokomzimba ogulayo ohlangabezana nawo, ukuthi udla ini, inani lokudla ngosuku nokunye nokunye. Isibonelo, inani le-insulin enganeni lihlukile kunani lemithi elungiselelwe umuntu omdala.
Ukuqonda kahle ukuthi mangaki ama-insulin ongawenza namuhla, kufanele ulinganise ushukela wakho wegazi okungenani izikhathi eziningana ngosuku. Okufanayo kusebenza emithini elungiselelwe ebusuku. Kungemva kokuba isiguli sibeke amazinga kashukela egazini kusihlwa futhi ngokushesha nje ngemuva kokuphaphama, i-endocrinologist ikwazi ukunquma izindinganiso ezimisiwe.
Yebo, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi amanani angenhla awakwazi ukuguqulwa ngokuzimela. Akufanele ngabe ziphakeme futhi zingabi ngaphansi njengoba zisungulwe ngudokotela.
Kulokhu, kudingeka kuphela uchwepheshe onolwazi futhi onekhono.
Hlobo luni lwesifo olungaba khona?
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zalesi sifo - isifo sikashukela sohlobo lokuqala, okubandakanya ukwethulwa kwe-insulin nesifo sezinhlobo ezi-2, ukunciphisa izimpawu, izidakamizwa ezinciphisa ushukela kufanele zithathwe.
Vele, udokotela omuhle impela uzokhetha indlela engcono kakhulu yokwelashwa kwalesi sifo esivele sisho. Ngaphandle kweqiniso lokuthi uzokhetha umthamo ngamunye wezidakamizwa ezingenhla, uzokutshela futhi impela lezo zidakamizwa ezisebenzisa isilinganiso esihle kunazo zonke.
Amakhambi amahle yizidakamizwa ezisebenza isikhathi eside ezidumile ezigulini nasezindala. Impela, kuleli cala, kwanele ukujova amahlandla amaningi noma ukuthatha amaphilisi, bese kuthi ukugxuma ushukela wegazi kunyamalale.
Kepha futhi ngaphezu kokudla ngesikhathi esifanele izidakamizwa ezisezingeni, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi udle ngokulungile. Imikhiqizo kuphela enconywe uchwepheshe okufanele isetshenziselwe ukupheka. Isibonelo, cishe bonke ochwepheshe bezokwelapha bathi ngamabomu bangavumelani ukuthi abanesifo sikashukela abaphakanyisiwe ukuthi badle ukudla okuthosiwe, kanye namafutha ngokweqile, futhi, futhi, okuqukethe ushukela omningi.
Imininingwane Ye-Insulin Ehlukahlukene
Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-insulin - i-ultrashort, isikhathi esifushane, esiphakathi nendawo kanye nesenzo eside.
Izinhlobo ezi-insulin ezimfushane kakhulu zithathwa ngokushesha ngaphambi kokudla ukuze kugwenywe ukugxuma okubukhali kwe-insulin ngemuva kokudla. Uhlobo olunwetshiwe lwe-insulin lusetshenziswa ngqo phakathi nosuku, futhi ngesikhathi sokulala nasesiswini esingenalutho. Ngokuya ngesilinganiso semithi ebekwe udokotela, isiguli singakwazi ukulawula irejimeni yaso yansuku zonke futhi sihlele ngokufanele. Uma isingeniso sanele kuphela phakathi nosuku, khona-ke ungafaki idivaysi elenza kube lula kakhulu ukwethula uketshezi. Uma kudingekile ukuphatha umuthi amahlandla amaningi ngosuku ukwelashwa, khona-ke usuku kuhlelwa ngalo ukuze kungenzeka ukuphatha i-hormone ngesikhathi esikhonjisiwe, kungcono ukusebenzisa ipeni lesirinji.
Inqubo ihlelwe kusengaphambili ukuze wazi kahle ukuthi kufanele enze nini inqubo futhi kuphi futhi kuphi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusiza abanesifo sikashukela kukhona uhlu lwezinhlobo zakamuva ze-insulin, kanye namadivayisi wokwethulwa emzimbeni wesiguli.
Izazi eziningi ze-endocrinologists zincoma ukuthi iziguli zazo zilungiselele kusengaphambili, futhi zisho kanjalo, zisho, ukuthayipha inani elilinganayo loketshezi esibayeni sokufaka bese zibeka lo mshini ngaphansi kwezimo ezingasebenzi. Iziguli eziningi zilalela izeluleko futhi zidayele kuqala idosi elifunekayo le-hormone elisetshenzisweni bese kuthi uma kudingeka, zilifaka emzimbeni wesiguli. Amadivaysi asetshenzisiwe alahlwa ngokushesha, ukusetshenziswa kwawo okuphindaphindiwe akwamukeleki.
Okuhlukile kuyipeni lesirinji, kuguqula inaliti kuphela.
Ngabe i-ejenti ilawulwa njalo?
Ngifisa ukuqaphela ngokushesha ukuthi asikho njalo isidingo sokunikeza i-analogue ye-hormone yomuntu ngendlela yokujova. Kwezinye izimo, kwanele ukuthi isiguli siphuze imishanguzo ekhethekile esiza ukunciphisa izinga likashukela esigulini uma kukhulunywa ngokugula 2. Ungangehlisa ushukela ngosizo lwamathebulethi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kugcinwa ezingeni elijwayelekile ngokuvuselela umzimba ukuze ukhiqize ngokuzimela i-hormone esanda kuvezwa. I-pancreas ifaka i-insulini ngamanani anele, futhi umuthi usiza umzimba ukudonsa kahle ushukela. Ngenxa yalokhu, ushukela udla amaseli bese egcobisa umzimba ngamandla futhi, ngenxa yalokho, akahlali egazini.
Isizathu esiyinhloko sohlobo 2 sikashukela ukuntuleka kokuzwela kwe-insulin, noma ngabe i-pancreas ikhiqiza ngobuningi obanele. Kuyacaca ukuthi kuleli cala asikho isidingo sokuphatha i-insulin ngomjovo, kwanele ukuthatha izidakamizwa ezonciphisa ushukela njalo.
Kuyacaca ukuthi udokotela kuphela ongakunquma lokhu noma lowo muthi. Ukuze enze lokhu, kudingeka ahlole ngokuphelele onesifo sikashukela. Indlela, kungakhathalekile ukuthi imuphi umuntu onesifo sikashukela esitholakele, ukuthi kungumbuzo wokuthi angajova kanjani i-insulin kahle noma ukuthi udinga imijovo ye-insulin yini sikashukela okwamanje, kubalulekile ngaso sonke isikhathi ukubonana nodokotela wakho we-endocrinologist. Awukwazi ukwenza izinqumo ezinemininingwane ngokwakho. Udokotela akahlali enikeza imijovo yesifo sikashukela, kwesinye isikhathi ayidingeki, ikakhulukazi maqondana nokugula uhlobo 2.
Yini enquma umthamo womuthi?
Kuliqiniso, isinqumo sokuthi umuthi ongakanani ongawunikeza isifo sikashukela esithile unqunywa ngawodokotela wakhe ohambele. Uma umuntu onesifo sikashukela engazizwa eyindlala enkulu, izinkomba zikashukela zisezingeni elingaphezulu kokwemukeleka, khona-ke i-insulin encane ingabanjiswa. Isibonelo, kwanele ukwenza lokhu kanye ngosuku, ekudleni, noma kunalokho, ngemuva nje kokuba kuthathiwe. Yebo, uma isiguli singazizwa kahle, sikhuphuka njalo ngamazinga kashukela, futhi futhi i-hormone ayikhiqizwa ngokuzimela, kuyofanele uyifaka kaningi kakhulu. Kulokhu, ukwehlisa ushukela kuyadingeka ngokungenisa i-hormone, hhayi kuphela ngemuva kokudla, kodwa futhi nesisu esingenalutho.
Vele, ukunquma zonke lezi zici zomzimba, kudingeka izivivinyo ezikhethekile ezinikezela ngqo ezindongeni zesikhungo sezokwelapha. Futhi kuzodingeka ukuthi uhlaziye izinguquko ezinjalo emzimbeni isonto lonke, okungukuthi, kaningana ngosuku ukukala inkomba yeglucose usebenzisa ithuluzi elifana ne-glucometer. Kulokhu, ukudla okufanelekile kuyadingeka. Udinga ukulandela ukudla okune-carb ephansi, ungadli ukudla okuthosiwe kanye nokudla okuqukethe amanani amakhulu eglucose.
Kufanele ukuyeke ngokuphelele ukusetshenziswa kotshwala neminye imikhuba emibi. Hhayi-ke, masingakhohlwa ukuthi iziguli ezisola ngokwazo ukuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo kufanele ziphinde zicabange ngohlobo lwazo lwansuku zonke. Ukuzivocavoca umzimba kuncishiswa ngangokunokwenzeka, kuyilapho futhi kungenakwenzeka ukuguqula ngokuphelele indlela yokuphila. Ukuhamba njalo emoyeni omusha kuzoba wusizo kakhulu, kepha kungcono ukwenqaba ukuzivocavoca ngokweqile.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukuphathwa kwe-insulin okufika ngesikhathi kuzosiza ukugcina amazinga omzimba esezingeni elifanele.
Yize kunjalo, kunezimo lapho lesi sifo siholela emiphumeleni emibi, uma yonke le mithetho inganakwa.
Ungayikhetha kanjani uhlobo lomjovo?
Abaningi besifo sikashukela banesithakazelo embuzweni wokuthi insulin ifakwa kanjani, nokuthi usebenzise kanjani ipeni - isirinji noma indlela yokujova i-hormone nge-syringe ejwayelekile. Udokotela oholayo uhlala elandisa ngalokhu ngokuningiliziwe. Kepha ungabukela nemiyalelo yevidiyo, echaza ngokunembile ukuthi iyini inqubo yokusebenzisa i-insulin, nokuthi ungayithatha kanjani i-insulin uma kune-malaise eqinile noma, kunalokho, akukho ukweqa okubukhali kushukela wegazi.
Kuyacaca ukuthi udinga ukufunda ukuthi ungenza kanjani imijovo ye-insulin ngesirinji ejwayelekile. Ngemuva kwakho konke, akuzona zonke iziguli ezitholwa okokuqala zinalolu hlobo lokuxilongwa ezingenza lokhu kuqala.
Kuyiqiniso, ukwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela nge-insulin kusetshenziswa cishe njalo lapho umzimba wesiguli ungeke ukwazi ukukhiqiza le hormone ngokuzimela. Kepha kufanele nakanjani uyazi yonke imithetho yokwelashwa okunjalo futhi wenze kahle izindlela ezithile.
Udokotela ohambelayo kufanele afundise konke lokhu, futhi, isiguli singazijwayeza imiyalo noma izindatshana ngalesi sihloko.
Noma kunjalo akumelwe sikhohlwe ukuthi umthamo ngamunye we-hormone ubalwa ngawodwana, kuya ngokuthi hlobo luni lwesiguli olubonayo, nokuthi hlobo luni lwezimpawu zokugula ezivelayo.
Ungazilungiselela kanjani inqubo?
Ezinye iziguli, ngemuva kokuzwa ukuthi zidinga ukujova i-insulin kushukela, ziqala ukwethuka. Abazi ukuthi ukwelashwa kwe-insulin kuzobasiza bazizwe bephilile kakhulu. Ukugwema isimo esinjalo esicindezelayo, kufanele wenze ukubonisana nodokotela wakho bese ucacisa naye yonke imininingwane yokwelashwa okunjalo.
Udinga ukwazi ngokuqondile ukuthi uyijova kanjani kahle i-insulin esitokisini, imuphi umthamo wemithi owudingayo ukungena njengengxenye yomjovo owodwa, malini, kanjani nokuthi ungawufaka kanjani umjovo i-hormone.
Uma kungekho iqoqo le-insulin elidingekayo noma liyaphela, lapho-ke kufanele ulithenga kusengaphambili ekhemisi elikhethekile. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulawula le nkinga futhi uqinisekise ukuthi lolu ketshezi alusondele.
Kufanele futhi kukhunjulwe ukuthi kungcono ukufaka umjovo ezimeni eziyinyumba ngokuhambisana nayo yonke imithetho esunguliwe.
Kukhona ubuchwepheshe obukhethekile besimanje emhlabeni ukusiza ukulandelela isikhathi somjovo. Lolu uhlobo lwesikhumbuzo olusiza isiguli ngesikhathi sokwenza i-insulin.
Ngokusekelwe olwazini olungenhla, kuyacaca ukuthi ungawunikeza kanjani umjovo ekhaya noma kwenye indawo. Kuyaziwa futhi ukuthi kungcono ukusebenzisa inguqulo yesimanje yesirinji ngendlela yepeni, ekuvumela ukuthi ufake uketshezi ngemizuzwana ngaphandle komzamo omkhulu.
Yebo, kulezi ziguli ezingabekelwe i-hormone ngendlela yemijovo, kubalulekile ukuthi ngaso sonke isikhathi ugcine amaphilisi wehlisela ushukela bese uthatha ngokohlelo olusunguliwe.
Uma ulandela zonke lezi zeluleko, khona-ke ukwelashwa kuzoba sezimweni ezintofontofo futhi ngeke kuphazamise indlela yakho yokuphila ejwayelekile.
Isazi sevidiyo esikulesi sihloko sizokhuluma ngenqubo yokujova kwe-insulin.
