Ungayifaka kanjani esikhundleni seMetformin: okungcono kusuka kuma-analogues?

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Ama-analogue e-Metformin angatholakala kuwo wonke amakhambi. Kukhona inani elanele lamalungiselelo anjalo wezokwelapha namuhla.

Zingahluka phakathi ngokwazo ngentengo, inkampani yokukhiqiza noma umthamo. Isithako esikhulu esisebenzayo - i-metformin hydrochloride - sihlanganisa yonke le mithi. Siyabonga kuye ukuthi umphumela we-hypoglycemic wokuphuza le mishanguzo uyatholakala.

Amalungiselelo aqukethe i-metformin ayingxenye yeqembu lesizukulwane sesithathu sezidakamizwa. Inzuzo yabo eyinhloko ukuthi umphumela we-hypoglycemic uqala ukuzibonakalisa kancane kancane ngaphambi kokufinyelela izinkomba eziphansi kakhulu.

Yini into esebenzayo iMetformin?

I-metformin ye-izidakamizwa esebenzayo (igama lomhlaba jikelele elingahambisani - i-pln) isithako esiyisisekelo esisebenzayo ezinhlobonhlobo zemithi ebekwe etafuleni, esivame ukunikezwa iziguli ezitholakala nesifo sikashukela i-mellitus. Lona umuthi we-hypoglycemic ovela eqenjini lama-Biguanides wesizukulwane sesithathu.

Umuthi we-hypoglycemic uvimbela izinqubo ze-gluconeogeneis, ukuhanjiswa kwama-elekthronikhi mahhala ekushintsheni kokuphefumula eMitochondria.

I-Metformin ivuselela ukusabela kwezinqubo ze-glycolysis, amaseli aqala ukumunca ushukela ngokushesha nangesilinganiso esikhulu. Umuthi usiza ukunciphisa ukumuncwa koshukela ovela ku-lumen wepheshana lesisu ungene ku-plasma yegazi. Umuthi awubangeli ukwehla okukhulu kwezinga lama-carbohydrate ku-plasma yegazi, ngoba ayinawo umphumela wokusebenza kwezinqubo zokukhiqizwa kwe-insulin.

Indlela yokusebenza yesakhi esisebenzayo emzimbeni womuntu ukubonakaliswa kwale miphumela elandelayo:

  1. Yehlisa izinga lokunciphisa kwe-glycogen kusuka esithoni esinjengesibindi. Ngenxa yalokhu, kukhuphuka ukwenyuka okuyisisekelo kwamazinga kashukela egazini.
  2. Ibambezela ukuvela kweglue kusuka kumaprotheni kanye ne-lipids.
  3. Kukhuthaza kahle ukukhishwa kwe-glucose esibindini.
  4. Kuyasiza ukwenza ukungathathi hlangothi ukubonakaliswa kokumelana ne-insulin futhi kwandisa ukuzwela kwamangqamuzana nezicubu kule hormone, okhiqizwa ama-pancreas.
  5. Ngokuncono kunciphisa ukumuncwa kwamathumbu eglucose.
  6. Ikhuthaza ukuguqulwa koshukela ukuze lactate emgodini wokugaya ukudla.
  7. Kwandisa i-lipids yegazi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngesikhathi esifanayo kukhona ukwehla kwenani lekholesterol embi emzimbeni.
  8. Iphoqa izicubu ukumunca ushukela omningi.

Ukulungiselela nge-metformin kunenzuzo eyodwa engenakuqhathaniswa neminye imithi - akuholeli ekwakhiweni kwe-hypoglycemia, okungukuthi, izinga lama-carbohydrate egazini aliweli ngaphansi kwezimpawu ezijwayelekile.

Imiyalo yokusetshenziswa kwanoma yisiphi isidakamizwa esuselwa ku-metformin ikhombisa ukuthi hhayi kuphela ukuthi sikhula sikashukela kungaba inkomba yokwamukelwa. Amathebulethi nawo angathathwa ezimweni ezinjalo:

  • uma kukhona ukwephulwa kokubekezelelwa kwe-glucose noma izinkinga nge-glycemia ukuthuthukisa ngemuva kokuvuka;
  • ngokuthuthukiswa kokumelana ne-insulin kanye nokwanda okukhulu kwesisindo (ikakhulukazi esiswini) ꓼ
  • I-Gynecology isebenzisa umuthi we-metformin ukwelapha i-ovarian cleopolycystosisꓼ
  • ngesikhathi sokuboniswa kwe-metabolic syndromeꓼ
  • njenge-prophylactic ukuvikela ukuguga komzimba.

Isithako esisebenzayo sinomphumela omuhle ebuchosheni futhi sinciphise ingozi yokuba nesifo i-Alzheimer's.

Yini amagama okuhweba ngalesi sidakamizwa?

Izidakamizwa ezine-metformin emakhemisi zinikezwa ngamanani amakhulu anele. Izinkampami zesimanje nezinkampani zokukhiqiza zikhiqiza ama-analogia amaningi ngezindlela ezahlukene zemithamo. Kungaba amaphilisi noma amaphilisi.

Iqembu lomuthi onjalo lifaka izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zemithi.

Umuthi wokuqala yiMetformin Teva. Kumathebhulethi anjalo, kungahle kube nama-gramu ayi-0,5 kuye kwangama-1.0 ento esebenzayo. Ngokuya ngokuqhubeka kwesifo, udokotela ofikayo unquma umuthi ngenani elidingekayo le-metformin hydrochloride. Ukukhiqizwa kanye nokusebenza kahle kwamatafula kungumsebenzi womenzi wakwa-Israyeli. I-Metformin Teva umuthi onomphumela we-hypoglycemic. Kubekelwe ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngaphezu kwemithamo ejwayelekile, amaphilisi angavezwa ngendlela efana ne-metformin eqinile yokukhishwa. Intengo yomuthi izoncika kunani lesithako esisebenzayo esiyingxenye yamathebulethi. Izindleko ezijwayelekile, kuya ngethamo lento esebenzayo ekwakhiweni kwento yezokwelapha, iyahlukahluka kusuka kuma-ruble angama-77 kuya kwangama-280.

I-Metformin Canon imele isidakamizwa sakwamanye amazwe eRussia. Umkhiqizi wayo ungusomabhizinisi waseRussia iCanonfarm Production. Ezibhebheni zomuthi we-capsule zomuthi onjalo, kungaqukathwa ama-500, 850 noma ama-1000 mg wesithako esisebenzayo. Umuthi uyasebenza njenge-hypoglycemic, futhi futhi usiza ekujwayezeni isisindo ngokweqile, ikakhulukazi ngokwelashwa kokudla. I-Metformin Canon isungulwe kahle emakethe yamakhemikhali. Izindleko zayo ziphansi futhi ziyahlukahluka kusuka kuma-ruble angama-89 kuya kwangama-130, kuya ngomthamo odingekayo.

IMetformin Zentiva ingummeleli obiza kakhulu weqembu elinjalo lezidakamizwa elehlisa ushukela. Intengo yesidakamizwa ingaba kusuka kuma-ruble ayi-118 kuya kwangama-200. Umenzi wenkampani yaseSlovak, enikeza abathengi bayo isidakamizwa emithanjeni elandelayo - 0.5, 0,85 noma igramu eyi-1 yento esebenzayo. Njengomthetho, iMetformin Zentiva inqunywe ukuthi ijwayele izinga lama-carbohydrate egazini, kanye nokuthi ngabe kukhona ukumelana ne-insulin ezigulini ezineminyaka engaphezu kweyishumi ubudala.

IMetformin Richter ingenye yokufanekisa kwe-metformin eyenziwe enye yezinkampani ezimbili zokukhiqiza. Indawo okuyiyo inkampani yezokwelapha yiRussia Federation neHungary. Ukwakheka kwalesi sidakamizwa kufaka kusuka ku-500 kuye ku-1000 mg wesithako esisebenzayo. Indlela yokusebenza ye-metformin ihlose ukuqeda i-hyperglycemia futhi ibuye ijwayele isisindo ngokweqile.

Imvamisa umuthi onjalo ubekelwa esikhundleni somuthi owedlule. Izindleko zomuthi zivela kuma-ruble ayi-180 kuye kwangama-235.

Ungawuthatha kanjani umuthi?

Amathebulethi asuselwa ku-Metformin hydrochloride ngokuvamile abekwa lapho kuvela izimpawu zokuqala zesifo sikashukela.

Umthamo wokuqala wesidakamizwa akufanele ube ngaphezulu kuka-0.5 amagremu wesithako esisebenzayo. Udokotela ohambelayo angancoma ukuthatha amaphilisi ngesikhathi sokudla noma ngemuva kokudla, kuya ngezidingo zomuntu ngamunye. Inani lemithamo yomuthi akufanele wedlule amahlandla amabili noma amathathu ngosuku. Viki elilodwa kuya kwamabili ngemuva kokuqala kwenkambo yokwelapha kungenzeka ukuthi uvuselele imithamo ebekiwe iye phezulu. Umthamo ophelele wansuku zonke ongaphezulu akufanele udlule amagremu amabili wengxenye esebenzayo. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi uma usebenzisa umuthi ngaphambi kokuqala isidlo, khona-ke isenzo sengxenye esebenzayo singehla kakhulu. Kwezinye izimo, i-metformin ihlanganiswa nemijovo ye-insulin. Ngakho-ke, ukwanda komphumela wemijovo kutholakala.

E-Metformin, ama-pharmacokinetics akhombisa ukuthi umuthi, ngemuva kokulawulwa ngomlomo, ufinyelela ekuhlolweni kwe-plasma ephezulu ngemuva kwamahora amabili nesigamu.

Ukuchithwa kwengxenye esebenzayo kuyama ngemuva kwamahora ayisithupha emva kokusetshenziswa kwamathebulethi.

Ama-analogues athandwa kakhulu weMetformin yiSiofor neGlucofage.

Yini engathatha isikhundla seethebhulethi zeMetformin? Yiziphi izidakamizwa zamakhemisi ezithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabathengi?

Omunye wemithi ethandwa kakhulu yeqembu le-Biguanide yiSiofor, ekhiqizwa kwifomu lethebhulethi. Isithako esikhulu esisebenzayo somuthi yi-metformin hydrochloride; i-silicon dioxide, i-povidone, i-magnesium stearate, ne-macrogol asetshenziswa njengezakhi ezisizayo.

I-Siofor 1000 yesifo sikashukela isetshenziselwa ukwehlisa ushukela wegazi. Ngaso leso sikhathi, ukwehla kwezinkomba kwenzeka hhayi kuphela ngemuva kokudla okuyinhloko, kodwa futhi kukuvumela ukuthi wehlise izinga lesisekelo. Isithako esikhulu esisebenzayo eSiofor sikuvumela ukuthi ulawule ukukhiqizwa kwe-insulin ngama-pancreas, athinta umzimba kahle futhi ungavumeli ukuthuthukiswa kwe-hypoglycemia.

Izinkomba eziphambili uSiofor amiselwe zona yi-mellitus yesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili, olungahambisani nokwelashwa kwe-insulin. Umphumela weSiofor ubonakala kahle ngokungasebenzi kahle kokulashwa kokudla.

Isakhi esisebenzayo, esiyingxenye yaso, sizibonakalisa sinciphisa ukumuncwa kwe-glucose emathunjini amancane, futhi siphambukise ukukhiqizwa kwawo ngamaseli wesibindi.

IGlucophage iyafana ekwakhiweni futhi ingumkhiqizo osuselwa kwi-metformin hydrochloride. Kuze kube manje, ungathenga amaphilisi ezenzo ezivamile noma ezinde. Izifundo zobudokotela zikhombisile ukuthi ukuthatha amaphilisi e-glucophage mancane kakhulu amathuba okuthi kube nezinkinga ezenzakalweni zezitho zomgudu wesisu.

Ngasikhathi sinye, izindleko ze-Glucofage Long zi-oda lesilinganiso esiphakeme kunaleso samanye amalungiselelo wethebhulethi.

Yini enye engangena esikhundleni somuthi?

Ungayishintsha kanjani i-metformin? Umbuzo onjalo ungavela kuyo yonke indawo sikashukela. Namuhla, kunezidakamizwa ezingaphezu kwekhulu ezingabalingani bomqondo noma izibonakaliso zohlobo oluthile.

Zingahlanganisa i-metformin hydrochloride, njengento esemqoka, noma ibe ngomunye wazo (ngokuhlanganiswa izidakamizwa). Imvelaphi yethulwa ngendlela yokwenziwa kwethebhulethi eshibhile noma ebiza kakhulu. Umehluko ngentengo ungancika kumenzi noma umthamo wesidakamizwa.

Amagama athandwa kakhulu emithi efanayo:

  1. UGlatiniin.
  2. I-Bagomet.
  3. IFomu.
  4. I-Metfogamma.
  5. I-Glycomet.
  6. Langerine.
  7. ISofamet.

Okufanelekela isiguli kunganqunywa kuphela uchwepheshe olawula ukugula kwakhe.

Isibonelo, uGliformin ubuye omele isigaba se-Biguanide, okubandakanya i-metformin hydrochloride. Izici ezifanayo zomphumela wazo emzimbeni zichazwa iqiniso lokuthi ukwakheka kwalo kuqukethe into efanayo esebenzayo. IGlatini inomthelela ekuvuseleleni okwengeziwe kokugcinwa kwe-insulin ngamaseli e-beta, futhi kuthinta kahle ukusetshenziswa kwe-peripheral kwamanani akhuphukile we-glucose ngemisipha.

Uma uthatha i-Gliformin nezinye izidakamizwa ze-hypoglycemic ngasikhathi sinye, umphumela wazo ukwehlisa ushukela wegazi uyakhuphuka.

Ingabe ukhona umehluko ngezindlela ngento eyodwa esebenzayo?

Kwesinye isikhathi ungathola ukubuyekezwa kweziguli ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwama-Metformin esikhundleni kungalethi umphumela omuhle onjalo. Abanye baqala ukubonisa ukusabela okuhlukile. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi isinqumo ngesidingo sokufaka esikhundleni somuthi kufanele sivele kuphela kudokotela oya kuye, kuye ngezinga lokuthuthuka kwe-pathology, kanye nezimpawu zomuntu ngamunye. Kungakho kungasizi ngalutho ukufuna ngokuzimela izidakamizwa eziyingxenye ye-analogues yomuthi obekwe udokotela.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, amadivaysi ahlukahlukene ezokwelapha angaba nesakhi esisodwa esisebenzayo, kepha ahlukile ekubumbeni kwamanani kwamadivayisi asizayo. Kuyizinto ezinjalo ezingeziwe ezingadala ukulimala emzimbeni futhi zibangele imiphumela emibi.

Kungakho-ke, umbono wochwepheshe behlela phansi ukuthi izidakamizwa ze-analog zingathatha isikhundla somuthi oyinhloko kuphela uma isinqumo senziwe udokotela oya khona. Njengomthetho, lapho ushintsha ukuthatha ezinye izidakamizwa, ukungabikho komphumela omuhle kwenzeka uma irejimeni yokudla noma idosi elifanele alibonwa futhi uma kukhona ukwephula ekudleni.

Yimuphi umuthi ongasetshenziswa kwabanesifo sikashukela ozochazwa yisazi kuvidiyo ekulesi sihloko.

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