Izimpawu zesifo sikashukela i-insipidus kubantu besifazane, ukwelashwa kwalesi sifo yizinkinga ezingavama ukuvela kwiziguli ezitholakala zinalokhu.
Into ekhona ukuthi lesi sifo sithinta abesifazane abaningi ukwedlula abesilisa, ngakho-ke kufanele baqaphele kakhulu ezindabeni zokuxilongwa kwaso nokwelashwa okulandelayo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abaningi bayihlanganisa nesifo sikashukela esijwayelekile, okungalungile, ngoba kuyisifo esihluke ngokuphelele eselashwa ngezinye izindlela kunesifo sikashukela esivamile.
Incazelo Ejwayelekile Yesifo
Ngokuthola i-insipidus yesifo sikashukela kwezokwelapha kusho isifo esenzeka ngenxa yokuntuleka kwehomoni ye-antidiuretic efana ne-vasopressin. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isifo esinjalo singenzeka ngenxa yokungakwazi kwezicubu zezinso ukumunca. Ngenxa yalokho, isiguli siqala ukuchama okunamandla, okungalawulwa, okuhambisana nomuzwa wokoma. Kulokhu, ngokungafani nesifo sikashukela i-mellitus, esigulini esisesilinganisweni samanani kashukela wegazi sihambisana ngokuphelele nokujwayelekile.
Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi izehlakalo zesifo sikashukela kubantu besifazane siphezulu kakhulu kunasemadodeni. Lokhu kungenxa kuphela kwe-physiology, kepha abesilisa nabo akufanele baphumule, ngoba bangasithola lesi sifo, yize behlobene nobulili obuqinile. Ngakho-ke, ukuba nolwazi mayelana nalolu hlobo lwesifo sikashukela nakho ngeke kubalimaze.
Uma siphendukela kuphela ku-physiology, inhloso esemqoka ye-hormone ye-antidiuretic ukuphindisela ukufakwa kwe-fluid ezinso ezinsweni kuya egazini. Iqiniso ngukuthi akubona konke uketshezi oluhlungiwe emzimbeni okukhishwa kulo. Iningi ligxotshwa amasistimu alo nezitho zalo emuva. Kwi-insipidus yesifo sikashukela, wonke uketshezi "olusetshenzisiwe" lushiya umzimba ngaphandle, futhi lokhu kungadala ukomisa.
Ngenxa yalokhu, isiguli somile kakhulu futhi siphuza uketshezi oluningi. Inqubo enjalo iholela kushukela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimpawu zalesi sifo zivame ukuqoshwa kwabesifazane abasebasha abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-25, kanti izinga lalesi sifo lingamacala ama-3 kubantu abangu-100,000.
Izimbangela ezivame kakhulu zesifo sikashukela yilezi:
- isimila sobuchopho;
- ukulimala ekhanda;
- i-syphilis;
- izinhlobo ezahlukene zokungondleki kwe-hypothalamus kanye ne-pituitary gland;
- i-encephalitis;
- isifo sofuba kanye nomalaleveva.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sifo singadala ukucindezela, ukukhulelwa, kanye nomphumela ongemuhle wezidakamizwa ezithile kanye nokwehla okujwayelekile kokungaziguli. Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi ezinye zezimpawu nezimbangela zalesi sifo azinayo incazelo efanelekile futhi kusenzima ukuwahlukanisa kwezinye izimo. Ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa okufanele kungabekwa kuphela ngemuva kokuhlolwa okuphelele esibhedlela, hhayi ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa udokotela. Kuhle futhi ukukhumbula ukuthi lesi sifo sibekezelelwa kakhulu ngemuva kokuthi umuntu wesifazane efinyelele eminyakeni engama-30, ngakho-ke kungakuhle ukuzama ukwelapha ngaphambi kwalesi sikhathi.
Izimpawu nezimpawu zesifo
Izimpawu zesifo sikashukela i-insipidus zihlukahlukene kakhulu, kepha-ke, izinkomba eziphambili zalesi sifo yilezi ezilandelayo:
- ukoma okungakhathali;
- ukunciphisa isisindo;
- ukuba khona komlomo owomile, kanye nokwehla kwesifiso sokudla;
- ubuthakathaka nokuqwasha;
- ukwehla okukhulu kokusebenza;
- ukuncishiswa kwengcindezi;
- isikhumba esomile
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwephulwa komjikelezo wokuya esikhathini kungaqoshwa, kanye nezinguquko ezingazelelwe zemood. Kodwa-ke, ukuchama ngokweqile kuwuphawu oluphambili lwalesi sifo. Iqiniso ngukuthi imvelo yokuchama komchamo kumuntu ophile kahle ibhekwa njengelitha eli-1-1,5, kuyilapho umchamo onjalo ungowesibili futhi ugxile kakhulu. Ngesikhathi sokugula, uyahlukanisa. Uma sithatha uhlangothi lwesifo, khona-ke iziguli zichama cishe ubusuku nemini.
Njengoba isiguli siphelelwa uketshezi oluningi, sikhula ukoma okukhulu. Ukuzama ukugcwalisa ukushoda kwamanzi, umuntu uphuza kakhulu, kepha lokhu akunikezeli umphumela oyifunayo. Uma isiguli sibuthakathaka ngakho-ke singakwazi ukufinyelela kumthombo waso, noma kukhona ukushisa egcekeni, angafa nokufa komzimba.
Ukuntuleka koketshezi emzimbeni kudambisa isistimu yezinzwa ephakathi, ngakho-ke ukubukeka kokucasuka nokulahleka kokulala kubhekwa njengenye yezimpawu zesifo sikashukela. Owesifazane angahlephula ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo kwabathandekayo, asheshe akhathale. Umfutho wegazi lakhe uyancipha, futhi ikhanda likhula ngamandla.
Uma isiguli sisola i-insipidus yesifo sikashukela, khona-ke izimpawu zabesifazane balesi sifo zingavezwa futhi zephula ipheshana lesisu. Iqiniso ngukuthi ngenxa yokuntuleka komswakama, isisu somuntu seluliwe, futhi ukuhlanganiswa kwama-enzyme adingekayo ekugayweni kokudla kuyaphazamiseka.
Umphumela walokhu, ngaphezu kokungahambi kahle kwasekhaya, kungaba ukwanda kokuvuvukala kwe-mucosa yamathumbu nesisu.
Izindlela eziphambili nezindlela zokuxilonga
Ukuze wenze ukuxilongwa okulungile, akwanele ukwazi izimpawu zesifo sikashukela salolu hlobo, futhi ukuxilongwa okwenziwa kusetshenziswa izivivinyo ezikhethekile nemishini nakho kuyadingeka.
Kulokhu, kungcono lapho ukuhlolwa okufanayo kuyokwenziwa esibhedlela. Isibonelo, ezimeni zokuma lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo zokuhlola zenziwa:
- ukuhlaziywa komchamo ojwayelekile;
- ukuhlaziywa komchamo ngokusho kweZimnitsky;
- ukuhlolwa kwegazi kokuhlushwa kwe-hormone ye-antidiuretic;
- isheke lokucindezela kwegazi;
- I-MRI
- I-Ultrasound yesinye kanye nezinso;
- ECG
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kutholakala amazinga kashukela wegazi, kanti ezinye izifundo zenziwa ngendlela esetshenziswayo yokutholwa kwesifo sikashukela. Kulokhu, izifundo ezingeziwe zingabekwa ngenhloso yokuthi kungafakwa khona iziguli zezinye izifo ezihambisana nalesi sifo.
Esimweni ngasinye, umthamo wezifundo zokuxilonga unqunywa udokotela oholayo, ngakho-ke, akunangqondo ukusho ukuthi yini noma lo wesifazane azodinga ukuxilonga.
Uma sikhuluma kuphela ngasohlangothini lwezobuchwepheshe loludaba, khona-ke ukuba khona kokuxilongwa kwesifo sikashukela i-insipidus kungakhombisa:
- kwabantu umchamo ongaphansi kwe-1005;
- ukuhlukunyezwa okuphansi okungajwayelekile kwe-hormone vasopressin egazini;
- izinga eliphakeme le-potassium kulo, kanye nokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-calcium ne-sodium.
- i-liquefaction yomchamo.
Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa noma esimweni sokungahambi kahle kokuya esikhathini, kungadingeka ukuthi ubonane nodokotela wezifo zabesifazane ozokunikeza ukuhlolwa kwakho. Izifundo ezifanayo zingabekwa udokotela oyi-neurologist. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma isiguli sifakwe esibhedlela, singabhekwa ukuhlolwa okuphelele.
Ehlelweni lokuthola ukuxilongwa, akukanconywa ngokwezinga elithile ukuzindla, ngoba lokhu kuzolimaza isimo sesiguli kuphela. Kuhle ukulandela izincomo zikadokotela futhi uthathe imishanguzo azokuyalela ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa okuyinhloko. Ngakho-ke, awukwazi nje ukonga amandla ekwelashweni, kepha futhi ungafinyelela umphumela omuhle ngokuzayo.
Ngokwehlukana, kufanelekile ukusho izindlela zokuqala zokutholwa kwesifo sikashukela. Isikhombisi esikhulu lapha kufanele sibe iqiniso lokuthi owesifazane waqala ukusebenzisa uketshezi oluningi. Ungabukeli phansi lo mzuzu bese ubhala konke okushisayo. Noma ikuphi ukuchezuka kule ndlela ejwayelekile kufanele kuhlolwe masisha ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukubandakanyeka kwaleli qiniso kulesi sifo kwenzeka.
Ukuphela kwendlela yokugwema ukuqala kwemiphumela engemihle yalesi sifo.
Ungayelapha kanjani i-insipidus yesifo sikashukela?
Ukwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela i-insipidus kuvame ukwenziwa kusetshenziswa imishanguzo yendabuko, kuya ngohlobo lwesifo esikhona esigulini esithile. Izidakamizwa ezivame kakhulu izidakamizwa ezifana neMinirin noma i-Adiuretin. Emakhemisi, ahlinzekwa ngendlela yamaconsi ekhaleni noma emathebhuleni futhi ayingxenye yenkambo yokwelashwa okubuyisela esikhundleni kanye ne-analogues ye-antidiuretic hormone.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izidakamizwa ezinjengeChlorpropamide, iMiskleron, iCarbamazepine nazo zingabamba iqhaza ekwelashweni okunjalo. Kulokhu, isixazululo esiphelele sezinkinga ngokugcwala okuningana komchamo esigulini singatholakala kuphela ngokuqeda isizathu esiyinhloko sokuthi i-hormone ayakhiqizwa noma imunwa yizitho zomzimba womuntu. Isibonelo, uma ukwakheka kwaleli hormone kuphelile ngenxa yokuba khona kwezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zamathumbu amabi esigulini, angakhonjiswa ngokungenelela kokuhlinzwa noma i-radiation therapy.
Esimweni esifanayo, lapho isiguli sine-dihydrate ebaluliwe, kuyadingeka ukwenza umuthi wokungenelela ukuze ubuyisele ukwakheka kasawoti kwegazi kube okujwayelekile, nokwandisa umthamo waso. Kulokhu, isiguli sinconywa ukunciphisa umkhawulo wamanzi asetshenzisiwe. Uma engeke akwazi ukwenza lokhu eyedwa, unikezwa umuthi onjenge-hypothiazide.
Uma, ngesikhathi sokuxilongwa, kwavela ukuthi lolu hlobo lwesifo sikashukela luyisimo sezinso, isisekelo sokwelashwa kufanele kube ukusetshenziswa kwe-thiazide diuretics, kanye nemithi yokulwa nokuvuvukala eqenjini le-NSAID, ngokwesibonelo, njenge-Indomethacin noma i-Ibufen. Ngaphezu kwalokho, nganoma yiluphi uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela, okubizwa ngokuthi ukwelashwa okubonakalayo kukhonjisiwe. Esimweni esifanayo, lapho ukulala kwesiguli kuphazamiseka, kuzokhonjiswa izinsizakalo ezinjenge-mamawort, valerian, noma hop cones.
Ngokuqondene nokuqagela okujwayelekile, ngesifo sikashukela sisesimweni esihle kakhulu. Isibonelo, ngesifo sikashukela esithile esithambile, izifo ezifana nomalaleveva noma i-syphilis, ukululama kwamaphesenti ayikhulu kuvame ukwenzeka. Kepha ngokuqondene nodaba olunzima kakhulu, lokhu kungukuhlukahluka kwe-nephrogenic yalesi sifo, okungajwayelekile kwabesifazane.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuvela kwesifo esinjengalesi akufanele kuphazamise abesifazane abakhulelwe, ukuhlaselwa okufana nokuthi ngemuva kokubeletha, isifo esinjalo kwesinye isikhathi sihamba.
Ukudla nokusetshenziswa kwamakhambi abantu
Esimweni lapho owesifazane etholakala enesifo sikashukela futhi enikezwa ukwelashwa, ngasikhathi sinye isiguli kufanele sinamathele ekudleni okuqinile. Ngokuthola i-insipidus yesifo sikashukela, ukudla okunjalo kufanele kuhloswe ukunciphisa inani lomchamo okhishwa umzimba, ukucindezela ukoma, kanye nokuphinda kubuye nezinto eziwusizo ezilahlekile ngumzimba womuntu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngokumelene nesizinda sokuthatha i-diuretics, ukudla okunjalo kuzodingeka kuqinise ukusebenza kwabo.
Okokuqala, iziguli ziyalulekwa ukuthi zinciphise usawoti owusebenzisayo, okuphekela wona ukudla kwazo futhi ungazidli ukudla okusetshenzwe ngazo. Kufanelekile ukungeza ekudleni kwakho kwansuku zonke okuqukethe inani elikhulu le-magnesium, ngokwesibonelo, njengezithelo ezomisiwe. Le nto iyadingeka ukuze kwenziwe kahle kwe-vasopressin emzimbeni, kepha yonke imikhiqizo ebanga ukoma kufanele isuswe.
Imifino emisha, izithelo namajikijolo, kunalokho, kufanele kufakwe ekudleni kwakho, ngoba zinothile ngezinto ezahlukahlukene zokulandela umkhondo, amavithamini nezinye izinto eziwusizo. Ngenhloso efanayo, kufanelekile ukuqeda iziphuzo zezithelo namajusi enziwe ekhaya. Ubisi, imikhiqizo yobisi, inyama nenhlanzi ezinhlobonhlobo ezinamafutha aphansi, namafutha kuyamukeleka. Ukudla kwesifo sikashukela i-insipidus kufanele kudliwe ngokwezigaba ezingxenyeni ezinhlanu kuya kweziyisithupha ngosuku. Kulokhu, ukwelashwa kweziguli kuzohamba ngokushesha okukhulu.
Uma ungumuntu othanda umuthi wendabuko, ungalapha ezinye zezimpawu zesifo ngamakhambi okwelapha. Isibonelo, ukufakwa kwe-burdock noma i-mamawort ene-hop cones, i-mint ne-valerian izimpande kusiza kahle kakhulu. Ngasikhathi sinye, kufanelekile ukuthenga iqoqo elenziwe ngomzimba ekhemisi futhi uthintane nodokotela ngaphambi kokulisebenzisa. Kulesi simo kuphela, amakhambi abantu anganikeza umphumela omuhle, futhi angabi sibi kakhulu isimo sesiguli. Okufanayo kusebenza nakwezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezinesifo sikashukela.
Ochwepheshe bazokutshela nge-insipidus yesifo sikashukela kuvidiyo ekulesi sihloko.
