IGlycated hemoglobin, noma i-HbA1c, iyingxenye ebalulekile yokwakheka kwegazi lethu njengokujwayelekile.
Ngemuva kwe-cleavage, ushukela ongena emgodini wegazi uhlangana ne-hemoglobin ejwayelekile, okuphumela ekwakhiweni kwento engahlukaniseki - i-HbA1c.
Lesi sithako siphila kakhulu njengengqamuzana legazi. Ngakho-ke, umphumela wokuhlaziya ukhombisa izinga lezinto ezisegazini ezinyangeni ezi-3 ezedlule.
Ukuqapha njalo kwalesi sikhombisi kukuvumela ukuthi unqume ukuthi isiguli sinephula umthetho ku-carbohydrate metabolism noma i-mellitus yesifo sikashukela, ukuthi isiguli siyakwazi yini ukugcina lesi sifo silawulwa, nokuthi ngabe ukwelashwa okukhethiwe kuyasebenza yini.
I-Glycated hemoglobin: itafula lezinto ezijwayelekile kwabesifazane ngeminyaka
Izinga le-glycated hemoglobin liyinkomba yezempilo. Ngakho-ke, ukulawula kwayo kubaluleke kakhulu kulezi ziguli lapho okungenani kutholakala ezimpilweni zazo kutholwe amagugu we-HbA1c.
Ukunquma ukuthi isiguli sinokuphambuka yini inqubo ye-carbohydrate metabolism nokuthi inzima kangakanani, izinkomba ezijwayelekile ezijwayelekile zisiza ochwepheshe.
Njengoba kwenzeka izinguquko ezihlukile ze-hormonal emzimbeni wesilisa nowesifazane abaneminyaka yobudala, amanani asezingeni leHbA1c lalabamele abobulili obuhlukile ayahluka. Ukuthola imininingwane yokuthi iyiphi imiphumela ethize ebhekwe njengejwayelekile evamile ebulilini obuthile, bheka ithebula elingezansi.
Imvelo yokuqukethwe kwe-HbA1c egazini labesifazane beminyaka ehlukene:
| Ubudala besifazane | Inkomba yokulinganisa |
| Iminyaka engama-30 | 4.9% |
| Iminyaka engama-40 | 5.8% |
| Iminyaka engama-50 | 6.7% |
| Iminyaka engama-60 | 7,6% |
| Iminyaka engama-70 | 8,6% |
| Iminyaka engama-80 | 9,5% |
| Ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-80 | 10,4% |
Ezimweni lapho isiguli sinezinkinga zesifo sikashukela isikhathi eside, udokotela angamakhela inkomba ejwayelekile ngamunye, ngokusekelwe ezimweni zomzimba kanye nobunzima benkambo yesifo.
I-hemoglobin ejwayelekile glycated kwabesifazane abakhulelwe
Umzimba womama abakhulelwe ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa uthola ushintsho olukhulu. Ngakho-ke, ngalesi sikhathi, ezinye izinkomba zingahle zehliswe, kufaka phakathi izinga le-HbA1c. Uma ukwephulwa kukhonjwe kanye kuphela, ungesabi. Kungenzeka ukuthi ushintsho lwenzeka ngaphansi kwethonya lezinto zangaphandle, futhi ezinsukwini ezimbalwa isimo sizinza.
Esimweni esinempilo kwabesifazane abakhulelwe, i-HbA1c yegazi akufanele idlule ku-6.5% maqondana nevolumu ye-hemoglobin ephelele.
Uma umama wesikhathi esizayo enesifo sikashukela ngisho nangaphambi kokukhulelwa, lokhu kusikisela ukuthi uzodinga nakanjani ukulawula ukuqina kwenkomba ye-glycemic ne-HbA1c.
Yiziphi izinkomba ezibhekwa njengejwayelekile kwesifo sikashukela?
Uma isiguli satholakala kutholakala ukuthi sinesifo sikashukela, cishe udokotela uzosazisa isimo siguli ngasinye.Lezi zinombolo zizoba umaki wezempilo kwabanesifo sikashukela. Uma isiguli kutholakala ukuthi sinesifo sikashukela okokuqala, khona-ke njengesiqondisi uchwepheshe uzosebenzisa itafula lezinkambiso labesifazane ngeminyaka.
Ngakho-ke, izinkomba ezenzelwe abantu abaphilile zizobhekwa njengezinkomba zesimo esijwayelekile.
Kulokhu, isiguli sizodinga ukuqapha izinga le-glycemia kanye nokuxineka kwe-HbA1c egazini futhi sizame ukuzigcina zisezingeni eliseduze ngangokunokwenzeka kwezinombolo "ezinempilo".
Izizathu kanye nengozi yokuphambuka kwemiphumela kusuka kokujwayelekile
I-hemoglobin ye-Glycated akuyona ngempela ebangeni elijwayelekile. Noma kubantu abanempilo, ukuphambuka endaweni eyodwa noma kwenye kungenzeka.
Uma ukwephulwa kwatholakala kanye, ungakhathazeki.
Kungenzeka ukuthi izinkomba ziguqulwe ngaphansi kwethonya lezinto zangaphandle futhi ezijwayelekile esikhathini esizayo esiseduze. Ngokuqondene nokuphambuka - amanani atholakala njalo angaba yingozi kunezinombolo eziphakeme.
Kulokhu, ukuqapha ngokucophelela isimo kuyadingeka, kanye nokuhamba kokuhlolwa okwengeziwe.
Ileveli ephakeme
Ukwanda kwe-HbA1c akuvezi njalo ukuba khona kwesifo sikashukela esigulini. Isifo sikashukela sitholakala kuphela lapho izinkomba zidlula i-6.5%. Izinkomba ezisukela ku-6.0% ziye ku-6.5%, zikhuluma ngesimo se-prediabetes.
Amanani angaphansi kuka-6.5% kungenzeka avele ngokungemuva kwe:
- ukubekezelela ushukela okhubazekile;
- ushukela ongasebenzi kahle ekuseni.
Lezi zimo zidinga ukubhekwa njalo uchwepheshe, kanye nokuzithiba ekhaya nokudla.
Ezimweni eziningi, lezo zinyathelo zanele ukuguqula izinkomba futhi zivimbele ukuthuthukiswa kwezinkinga.
Izinga eliphansi
Izinga elehlisiwe, ngaphandle kwezinzuzo ezisolwayo, liyingozi nakwisiguli.
Ukwehla kwezinga le-HbA1c kubonisa i-hypoglycemia, imbangela yalokho okungaba yilokhu:
- ukusebenza ngokweqile;
- ukucindezela okukhulu;
- ukunamathela isikhathi eside ekudleni okuphansi kwe-carb;
- ukuhlukunyezwa kwezidakamizwa ezinciphisa ushukela;
- isimila se-pancreatic.
Izinga elehliswa njalo le-hemoglobin ehogelwe njalo kungaholela emizweni engapheli yobuthakathaka, ukungabi nomuzwa wokugcwala, ukubabaza, nokunakwa okuphazamisekile.
Ishadi Lokuhambisana Negazi le-HbA1c
Lapho udokotela esola ukuthi isiguli sinokuphulwa kwe-carbohydrate metabolism noma isifo sikashukela, ngemuva kokudlula esivivinyweni segazi esivamile sikashukela, uchwepheshe uzodinga ukubona inani le-HbA1c.Ukuthola ulwazi olwengeziwe kuvumela udokotela ukuba enze isiphetho esinengqondo ngesimo sempilo sesiguli futhi enze nokuqokwa okulungile komzimba wakhe.
Ukwenza isinqumo sokugcina kowesifazane, udokotela uthembela kumphumela wokuhlolwa kwegazi okujwayelekile, kanye nezinga le-HbA1c egazini.
Imiphumela yazo zombili izivivinyo, isimilo somzimba onempilo, ingatholakala kutafula elingezansi:
| Iminyaka | I-Hba1c | Ushukela |
| Iminyaka engama-30 | 4,9% | 5.2 mmol / l |
| Iminyaka engama-40 | 5,8% | 6.7 mmol / l |
| Iminyaka engama-50 | 6,7% | I-8.1 mmol / l |
| Iminyaka engama-60 | 7,6% | 9.6 mmol / l |
| Iminyaka engama-70 | 8,6% | 11.0 mmol / L |
| Iminyaka engama-80 | 9,5% | 12,5 mmol / L |
| Iminyaka engama-90 nangaphezulu | 10,4% | 13.9 mmol / L |
Njengomthetho, ukuhlolwa kwegazi likashukela kuphela isigaba sokuqala senqubo yokuxilonga. Thola imininingwane eminingi ngohlobo kanye nezimpawu zokuphambuka kuvumela ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-glycated hemoglobin.
Njengoba kule ndaba kutholakala inkomba enganikeza imininingwane ephelele mayelana nezinga lokuxineka koshukela egazini ezinyangeni ezi-3 ezedlule, isiphetho esigcwele singenziwa kuphela ngokuqhathanisa imiphumela.
Amavidiyo ahlobene
Mayelana nezimo ze-hemoglobin ye-glycated kwabesifazane abakuvidiyo:
Uma isiguli sitholakala sinesifo sikashukela, khona-ke ukuhlolwa njalo kwe-hemoglobin ye-glycated kubaluleke kakhulu. Umphumela usivumela ukuthi siqonde ukuthi ngabe umuntu wesifazane uyakwazi ukuphatha lesi sifo, nokuthi ngabe ukwelashwa okukhethwe udokotela kuyasebenza yini.
Ngakho-ke, ungayinaki ukudlula kwalolu hlobo lokuhlolwa. Ezimweni lapho kutholwe khona ushukela ophakeme wesiguli kanye kuphela, ukuhlaziya kwe-HbA1c kufanele kwenziwe ukuqinisekisa noma ukuphikisa ubukhona besifo sikashukela noma ukuphazamiseka kwe-carbohydrate metabolism.
