Ngo-2016, inani leziguli ezinesifo sikashukela lenyuka laya ezigidini ezingama-500. Kodwa-ke, ososayensi abaningi bathi isifo sikashukela siya ngokuya sisincane futhi ngonyaka ka-2030 singaba imbangela enkulu yokufa.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi uhlobo lokuqala lwalesi sifo luthinta kuphela i-10% yesifo sikashukela, ama-90% asele awela ohlotsheni lwesibili. Kukholelwa ukuthi uhlobo lokuqala lwesifo sikashukela luvame kakhulu ezigulini zisencane, nolwesibili esizukulwaneni esidala (iminyaka engama-40-45 nangaphezulu).
Isifo sikashukela isifo sikashukela yisifo esikhohlisayo kakhulu, ngoba singakhula singabonakali kalula. Ngakho-ke, ukutholakala kwesifo kusenesikhathi kungavimbela ukuboniswa kwezinkinga.
Izinhlobo Nezimpawu zesifo sikashukela
Isifo sikashukela yisifo se-endocrine. Ukhula ngenxa yezizathu ezimbili eziyinhloko. Esokuqala sihambisana nokungasebenzi kahle kwamaseli we-pancreatic beta. Lamaseli akhiqiza i-insulin, i-hormone eyehlisela ushukela wegazi. Ukungasebenzi kwabo kuholela ekutheni i-hormone iyeke ukukhiqizwa, futhi ushukela uqala ukunqwabelana egazini.
Ngenxa yokuntuleka kwamandla, amaseli nezicubu zomzimba "yindlala." Ngenxa yalokho, ukuze uthole amandla anele, umzimba uqala ukudiliza amafutha. Imikhiqizo eyenziwe ngale ndlela iyimizimba ye-ketone - ubuthi, ngenxa yokuthi ubuchopho nezinye izitho zomuntu zihlupheka. Zibangela isiyezi nekhanda ku-diabetes.
Isizathu sesibili sihlobene nokuzwela kwamaseli we-peripheral to insulin. Kulokhu, amangqamuzana e-beta akhiqiza ama-hormone afanele ngesilinganiso esifanele. Kodwa ama-receptors akhiwe kumaseli awakuqondi. Ngenxa yalokho, ushukela, njengasekuqaleni, unqwabelana egazini lesiguli. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi uhlobo lwesibili lwesifo luvama ukwenzeka ngenxa yokukhuluphala nokuphila kokuhlala kwabantu asebekhulile.
Isifo sikashukela sinesithombe esiyinkimbinkimbi somtholampilo, ngenxa yalokho, ngokuthuthuka kwayo, akuveli uphawu olulodwa. Njengoba usole okungenani okungenani eyodwa yazo, kufanele ubonane nodokotela ngokushesha, ngoba lapho ukutholwa kusheshe kwenziwa, ukulimala okuncane umzimba okuzoletha lesi sifo. Futhi-ke, izimpawu ezilandelayo zesifo sikashukela zingenzeka:
- ukomela okungagculisi nesifiso esiqhubekayo sokuvakashela igumbi lokuphumula;
- ukukhathala, ukozela, ukulala kabi, isiyezi;
- ukuphazamiseka kokugaya ukudla (isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, isifo sohudo);
- ukuvuvukala, ukudunwa, noma ukushuba kwemilenze;
- umuzwa ongapheli wendlala;
- ukungaboni kahle (isithombe esifiphele esinamaphutha);
- ukwanda okusheshayo noma ukwehla kwesisindo;
- umfutho wegazi ophakeme.
Olunye uphawu lwesifo sikashukela ukuphulukiswa okude kokuqhekeka namanxeba.
Izici zesifo sikashukela ebuntwaneni nasebancane
Bekuvame ukuthi izingane kanye nabantu abasha ikakhulukazi bahlupheke ngohlobo lokuqala lwesifo sikashukela, kepha namuhla uhlobo lwesibili nalo luthamba kancane. Lokhu kungenxa yokukhuluphala, okuthinta ama-60% wabantu bomhlaba.
Manje izikole azinikezi ukuzikhandla okukhulu, izingane azidlali esakhiweni sesikole, zikhetha imidlalo yamakhompiyutha kulokhu. Esikhundleni sokudla okunempilo, ukudla okusheshayo, okuwumkhiqizo wama-khalori aphezulu, kuya ngokuya kudliwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izakhi zofuzo zithinta ukuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo. Uma omunye wabazali enesifo sikashukela, khona-ke ngamathuba aphezulu ayoba enganeni.
Isifo sikashukela sabantwana nesobusha siphathwa ngendlela efanayo nomuntu omdala. Ekwelapheni lesi sifo ezinganeni, indima ebaluleke kakhulu inikezwa abazali bayo. Yizo okumele ziqaphele ukudla kwengane: ungapheki ukudla okunamafutha nokuthosiwe, unganiki izingane amaswidi kanye namakhekhe, umnikeze imifino nezithelo eziningi, kanye nemikhiqizo equkethe ama-carbohydrate angagayishwa kalula (ngokwesibonelo, amajusi ngaphandle koshukela).
Ingxenye ebalulekile ekwelashweni kwesifo sikashukela kuwukusebenza ngokomzimba kwengane. Ukusekela ingane, ungabandakanya wonke umndeni empilweni esebenzayo. Kungaba yini: ukuvakashela ichibi, zonke izinhlobo zemidlalo yeqembu (ibhola, volleyball, basketball, njll.), Ukuhamba ngezinyawo nokunye okuningi.
Ngohlobo lokuqala lwesifo sikashukela, ukwelashwa kwe-insulin kuphoqelekile. Kwenziwa izikhathi ezingama-3-4 ngosuku, ngaphambi kokujova ngakunye kwe-hormone, izinga likashukela egazini lilinganiswa. Kulokhu, imithi ayisetshenziswa kakhulu.
Futhi ngohlobo lwesibili, uma ukuvivinya umzimba nokudla kunganciphisa i-glucose kumazinga ajwayelekile, izidakamizwa ezinciphisa ushukela, njengeMetformin noma ezinye izichazayo, ukusetshenziswa kwazo okuvunyelwe ebuntwaneni, kuyasetshenziswa.
Isifo sikashukela kwabesifazane abasebasha
Kwabesifazane abasebasha, inkambo yohlobo lwe-1 yesifo sikashukela inezici ezithile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sifo sikhula kaningi ebulilini besifazane, obufakazelwe ngokwesayensi.
Intombazane ingezwa nje kuphela izimpawu ezichazwe ngenhla, kodwa futhi nezimpawu zesifo sikashukela ezihambisana nohlelo lokuzala.
Lokhu kufaka phakathi:
- I-genital candidiasis, noma i-thrush.
- Izifo ezithathelwanayo zezitho zangasese.
- Ukuphazamiseka kweHormonal nokungahambi kahle kokuya esikhathini.
Uma intombazane encane itholakale nesifo sikashukela, khona-ke, kungenzeka kakhulu, lesi sifo sisemncane sizoba nomthelela omubi ezinhlelweni ze-endocrine kanye nezindlela zokuzala. Okokuqala, ukuya esikhathini kubantu abasha abanesifo sikashukela kwenzeka eminyakeni engu-1-2 kamuva kunakwontanga enempilo. Okwesibili, umjikelezo wokuya esikhathini kumantombazane amaningi awuphambili: ukubambezeleka kokuya esikhathini kungaqala kusuka ezinsukwini eziningana kuya kumaviki ambalwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhlobo lwenkambo yokuya esikhathini nalo luyashintsha, kuba buhlungu kakhulu, kungadedelwa amanani amancane negazi amakhulu.
Kwesinye isikhathi ukuya esikhathini kungayeka ngokuphelele, futhi kwabesifazane abadala, ukuya esikhathini kwenzeka kakhulu ngaphambili. Njengoba umsebenzi wamaqanda uphazamiseka, i-ovulation ayenzeki kuwo wonke umjikelezo wokuya esikhathini. Ngakho-ke, ochwepheshe abaningi be-gynecologists batusa amantombazane amancane ukuthi ahlela kanjani ukukhulelwa ngokushesha okukhulu. Ukuvela okungajwayelekile kwe-ovulation ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kungaholela kokuzala.
Esimweni lapho kwenzeka ukuphazamiseka kwe-hormonal, isibonelo, ukukhiqizwa kwe-testosterone kukhuphuke, izinwele zobuso bamantombazane ziqala ukukhula, izwi labo liba mnyama, futhi umsebenzi wabo wokuzala ukhule. Ukwanda kwamazinga e-estrogen kanye nokwehla kwe-progesterone, okuthinta ukushuba kwesendlalelo se-uterine, kuholele ku-endometriosis noma hyperplasia.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukwehla kwamazinga e-estrogen kanye nokwanda kweprogesterone kuholela ekutheni ungqimba lwesibeletho lube mncane kakhulu, futhi ukuya esikhathini kuba yindlala.
Inkambo yesifo sikashukela ezinsizweni
Ukuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo kunezici ezithile emadodeni amancane.
Ngokushesha lapho umuntu eba nesifo sikashukela, ngokushesha uzoba nezinkinga ohlelweni lokuzala.
Kuliqiniso, labo abaphila impilo enempilo, abakhulupheli ngokweqile, futhi balandela ukwelashwa okuyikho kwezidakamizwa abakwaziyo ukuthuthukisa isimo sabo.
Ngaphezu kwezimpawu eziyisisekelo ezivamile kubo bonke abantu, amadoda anesifo sikashukela anezimpawu ezikhethekile:
- izimpandla ezinzima;
- ukulunywa ku-grin ne-anus;
- ukungabi namandla
- ukungasebenzi kahle kokuzala.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimpawu eziphambili zesifo sikashukela zingadala ukungalingani kwe-hormonal. Ukwehla kwamazinga e-testosterone kuholela ekunciphiseni kokugeleza kwegazi ezizibeni, okuholela ekunciphiseni kwe-potency. Kukhona ezinye iziphazamiso ohlelweni lokuzala, njenge-ejaculation dysfunction, yehlile isifiso sobulili nokwakhiwa, ukuntuleka kwe-orgasm. Kepha ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezidala ukwakheka kukhungathekile, ngoba kubhebhethekisa isimo sempilo futhi kungaluleki ngesifo sikashukela.
Ngokuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic emadodeni amancane, ukubalwa kwesidoda ne-DNA kungashintsha, okungadala ukuzala.
Isifo sikashukela akusona isigwebo
Noma isiguli esincane sitholakele sinesifo sikashukela, ungesabi.
Ngemuva kwakho konke, izimo ezicindezelayo nazo zithinta kabi isimo sikashukela.
Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ngale ndlela yokwelapha ungaphila isikhathi eside ukwedlula abanye abantu abaphilile.
Izakhi eziyinhloko zokwelashwa okuphumelelayo kwesifo sikashukela yilezi:
- ukuzivocavoca
- ukunamathela ekudleni okukhethekile;
- ukwelashwa kwe-insulin noma ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa;
- ukuqapha okuqhubekayo kweglucose nomfutho wegazi.
Ukugcwaliseka kwawo wonke amaphuzu angenhla kuyisihluthulelo sokugcinwa ngempumelelo kweshukela legazi elijwayelekile, ngenxa yalokho, ukuvikeleka kwazo zonke izinhlobo zemiphumela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusekelwa kwabathandekayo kanye nokuxineka okulinganiselayo ngokomzwelo kwisifo sikashukela kubaluleke kakhulu.
Abaningi banesifiso senkinga yokuphila isikhathi eside kushukela. Okokuqala, kuya ngohlobo lwe-pathology, futhi okwesibili, ezinye izinto eziningi ziyayithinta. Ezigulini zohlobo lokuqala lwesifo sikashukela, isikhathi sokuphila kunzima ukusibikezela. Imininingwane yokubonwa okuningi iveza ukuthi iziguli eziningi ziyafa ngemuva kweminyaka engama-40 lesi sifo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngemuva kweminyaka engu-20 yokugula, ukubonakala kwe-atherosclerosis kanye nesifo sohlangothi kungenzeka. Thayipha isifo sikashukela sohlobo lwe-2 sivame ukuba nesikhathi eside sokuphila. Noma, empeleni, konke kuncike kumuntu uqobo. Kwakunobufakazi bokuthi isiguli esinesifo sikashukela sohlobo loku-1, esaqala kuye lapho sineminyaka emihlanu ubudala, saphila unyaka wakhe wokuzalwa wama-90.
Njengoba njengamanje isifo sikashukela sikwazile “ukuvuselela”, izingane kanye nentsha zidinga ukulandela indlela yokuphila enempilo nokuzivocavoca lapho kukhona isifo sikashukela noma singekho. Lapho kukhona i-pathology eyinhloko ehambisana nesifo sikashukela - ukukhuluphala, kubalulekile ukuxazulula inkinga yokukhuluphala. Ngakho-ke, ukwanda koshukela egazini kanye nemiphumela emibi yesifo kungavinjelwa.
Ividiyo ekulesi sihloko ikhuluma ngokuvimbela isifo sikashukela.
