Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi uma kunezinkinga ngoshukela wegazi, udinga ukubheka i-glucose njalo futhi uma kunesidingo, uthathe izinyathelo eziphuthumayo zokuyenza ijwayelekile.
Isibonelo, uma kuningi kakhulu kwayo egazini, khona-ke udinga ukuthatha imishanguzo ekhethekile ezokwehlisa, kepha uma, ngokuphambene, le nkomba iphansi kakhulu, khona-ke udinga ukuyiphakamisa ngokushesha. Ukuze wazi kahle ukuthi ngabe yonke into ihambisana nempilo yini, kubalulekile ukukala kahle le nkomba futhi usenze ngobuningi obuthile.
Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa insiza ekhethekile ebizwa ngokuthi yi-glucometer.
Ingathengwa ekhemisi noma enkampanini ethengisa lawo madivayisi.
Uma sikhuluma ngokuthi iyiphi inqubo evamile kakhulu, khona-ke okokuqala, umuntu kufanele acabangele ubudala besiguli, ubulili bakhe, kanye nezimpawu zomzimba ngamunye.
Kunethebula elikhethekile lapho yonke le datha ipendiwe. Kodwa ngaphandle kwalokhu, kunezindlela ezijwayelekile ezingasetshenziswa njengenani eliphakathi lapho kulinganiswa ushukela kunoma yimuphi umuntu. Ngokufanelekile, le nkomba kufanele isuke ku-3.2 iye ku-5.5 mmol / L. Uma isilinganiso senziwa ngokushesha ngemuva kokudla, khona-ke umphumela ungafinyelela ku-7.8 mmol ilitha ngalinye.
Kepha, kunjalo, lezi yizinkomba ezimaphakathi, kubalulekile njalo ukuthi ubhekele izici ngazinye zesitho ngasinye, kanye nezimfuneko zangaphambi kokukhula kwesifo.
Ungalinganisa kanjani?
Ochwepheshe batusa ukuthi ulandele izeluleko ezithile ezizosiza ukukala kahle ushukela wegazi. Enye yazo iyakhathazeka lapho kungcono ukwenza uhlaziyo olunjalo. Isibonelo, kunombono wokuthi lokhu kufanele kwenziwe kuphela ekuseni, ngalesi sikhathi inkomba kufanele ibe ku-5.6 kuye ku-6 mmol / l.
Uma umphumela uhlukile kule nkambiso, udokotela angakwazi ukuthola ukuthi unesifo sikashukela.
Kepha, lapho isampula ithathwa emthanjeni, khona-ke inkomba akufanele idlule ku-6.1 mmol / l.
Kodwa ngaphandle kokuthi udinga ukwazi kahle ukuthi isiphi isikhathi okufanele uthathe lesi silinganiso, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ulungiselela kahle kanjani lolu hlaziyo, futhi nokuthi yini engenakwenziwa ngaphambi kokudlula kokuhlaziywa. Ake sithi kuyaziwa ukuthi ngaphambi kokunikela ngegazi, kwenqatshelwe ukudla ukudla okunoshukela, noma lokho okuqukethe ushukela ophakeme.
Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi ubheke ukuthi isiguli sibhekene nanoma yikuphi ukucindezelwa ngosuku olwandulela ukuhlolwa noma uma singenaso isifo.
Ngokusekelwe kukho konke okushiwo ngenhla, kuyacaca ukuthi awubalulekile unyaka kuphela isiguli azalwa ngawo, kodwa nokuthi ngabe unaso noma yisiphi isifo, ukuthi ngabe unazo yini izimo ezicindezelayo, nokunye.
Uma kukhona ezinye zalezi zinto ezingenhla, khona-ke kufanele wazise udokotela ngokushesha ngalokhu futhi wenze konke okusemandleni ukukhipha amathuba okuthola umphumela ongalungile, ngokwesisekelo sokuthi iyiphi indlela yokwelashwa enqunyelwe.
Ngabe imuphi umuntu ojwayelekile?
Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi i-hormone eyinhloko ethinta ngqo izinga le-glucose egazini yi-insulin. Uma kukhiqizwa ngenani elinganele, khona-ke izinga likashukela wegazi lizoba liphezulu kakhulu. Kungenzeka futhi ukuthi umzimba ungayidli le-hormone ezingeni elifanele. Zonke lezi zinto ziholela ekutheni i-glucose iqala ukwanda ngokushesha okukhulu, ngokulandelana, umuntu uzizwa kabi, futhi kwesinye isikhathi iqala nokusongela impilo yakhe.
Ukugwema imiphumela enjalo, kufanele uhlole njalo isimo samanyikwe, okusho ukuthi kusebenza kanjani amaseli we-beta.
Kodwa ngaphezu kwezinkinga ngamanyikwe, kunezinye izifo emzimbeni ezingadala nempilo engemihle. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi uhlolwe njalo esikhungweni sezokwelapha esikhethekile.
Kubalulekile futhi ukukhumbula ukuthi izinto ezifana:
- izindlala ze-adrenal, zilawula izinkomba ze-adrenaline ne-norepinephrine;
- kukhona futhi nama-pancreatic stand angahlanganisi i-insulin, kepha i-glucagon;
- indlala yegilo, okuyi-hormone eyimfihlo;
- i-cortisol noma i-corticosterone;
- kukhona ne-hormone ebizwa nge- “command”, ethinta ngqo nezinga le-glucose egazini.
Ochwepheshe abanolwazi ngaso sonke isikhathi basho ukuthi ngesikhathi ngasinye sosuku, amazinga kashukela angahluka. Ake sithi ebusuku yehla kakhulu, lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ngalesi sikhathi umuntu uvame ukulala futhi umzimba wakhe ungasebenzi kakhulu phakathi nosuku.
Kubalulekile njalo ukukhumbula ukuthi, ngokwesilinganiso, kuya ngokuthi umuntu uneminyaka emingaki, amanani eglucose akhe angahluka kakhulu.
Ubudala buthinta kanjani ushukela?
Kuyaziwa ukuthi indlela ejwayelekile kashukela wegazi emadodeni ngemuva kweminyaka engama-70 yomunwe izohlala ihluke emiphumeleni yocwaningo, olwenziwa neziguli ezineminyaka engamashumi amane, engamashumi amahlanu noma amashumi ayisithupha. Leli qiniso lihlobene neqiniso lokuthi njengoba umuntu eba umuntu mdala, iba mbi ngokwedlulele izitho zakhe zangaphakathi.
Ukuphambuka okubalulekile kungenzeka futhi lapho owesifazane ekhulelwa ngemuva kweminyaka engamashumi amathathu.
Sekushiwo ngenhla ukuthi kunetafula elikhethekile lapho kuboniswa khona amanani aphakathi weglucose leqembu ngalinye lesiguli. Isibonelo, uma sikhuluma ngeziguli ezincane kakhulu, okungukuthi mayelana nezinsana ezingakaguquki amasonto ama-4 nezinsuku ezintathu ubudala, khona-ke zinesimo esijwayelekile esisukela ku-2.8 kuya ku-4,4 mmol / l.
Kepha uma kukhulunywa ngezingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka eyishumi nane, ushukela wazo ofanele kufanele ube ku-3.3 kuya ku-5.6 mmol / L. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele kushiwo ngeqembu leziguli esesifinyelele eminyakeni eyishumi nane, kepha ezingakafiki iminyaka engamashumi ayisithupha, banale nkomba ebangeni lisuka ku-4.1 laya ku-5.9 mmol / L. Ngemuva kwalokho, kuhlolwa isigaba seziguli ezisukela kumashumi ayisithupha kuya kwamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye ubudala. Kulokhu, izinga labo ushukela lisuka ku-4.6 liye ku-6.4 mmol / L. Hhayi-ke, ngemuva kwamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye, ukusuka ku-4.2 kuye ku-6.7 mmol / l.
Ngokusekelwa kulo lonke ulwazi olungenhla, kuba sobala ukuthi umuntu osemdala lo, ulikhuphula izinga likashukela egazini lakhe, okusho ukuthi ukulawula ushukela wegazi kufanele kwenziwe kaningi.
Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokukhuluma ngeqiniso lokuthi isiguli esithile sinokuphulwa okusobala nge-glucose esegazini, kufanele uthole ubudala bakhe, ubulili nezinye izici ezithinta ngqo le nkomba.
Kunikezwa kanjani lokhu kuhlaziya?
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi lolu cwaningo lungenziwa kokubili ekhaya nasikhungo esikhethekile sezokwelapha. Kepha kuzona zombili lezi zigameko, udinga ukukhumbula ukuthi amahora ayisishiyagalombili ngaphambi kwesikhathi sokuhlaziywa akunakudliwa.
Uma udinga ukwenza ucwaningo esikhungweni sezokwelapha, khona-ke kulokhu kwenziwa ngezigaba ezimbili. Esokuqala sifana naleso esenziwa ekhaya, kodwa elesibili amahora ngemuva kokuba isiguli sithathe amagremu angama-75 kashukela, oncibilikisiwe emanzini.
Futhi manje, uma ngemuva kwalawa amahora amabili umphumela usebangeni le-7.8 kuya ku-11.1 mmol / l, khona-ke singasho ngokuphephile ukuthi isiguli sinokubekezelelwa kwe-glucose. Kepha, uma umphumela ungaphezulu kwe-11.1 mmol, khona-ke singakhuluma ngokuphepha ngokuba khona kwesifo sikashukela. Yebo, uma umphumela ungaphansi kwe-4, khona-ke udinga ukubonana nodokotela ngokuphuthumayo ukuze uthole ucwaningo olwengeziwe.
Kubalulekile njalo ukukhumbula ukuthi ngokushesha lapho isiguli sivakashela udokotela, ngokushesha kuzokwazi ukubona ukwephula umthetho futhi sithathe nezinyathelo eziphuthumayo zokukuqeda.
Kungenzeka futhi ukuthi inkomba, kungakhathalekile iminyaka yobudala besiguli, ingaba kuhla isuka ku-5.5 iye ku-6 mmol / L, lo mphumela ukhombisa ukuthi lo muntu kungenzeka ukuthi une-prediabetes.
Ngokunembile ikakhulukazi kufanele kube abantu asebekhulile. Noma bebengenazinkinga noshukela phambilini, usadinga ukuqhuba isifundo njalo futhi uqiniseke ukuthi isifo sikashukela asikhuli.
Vele, ngaphezu kwezivivinyo ezijwayelekile, kubalulekile ukugcina inqubo efanele yansuku zonke. Udinga ukudla ngokuya ngemithetho ebekiwe, ikakhulukazi uma kunezimfuneko zokuqalwa kokwenza isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 noma uhlobo 2. Kaningi, lesi sifo sizibonakalisa sineminyaka engamashumi ayisikhombisa, ikakhulukazi uma umuntu engalandeli imithetho yezondlamzimba noma ecindezeleke kakhulu. Ngendlela, kungukuxineka kwemizwa okubhekwa njengenye yezinto eziphambili ekwakhiweni kwesifo "sikashukela". Lokhu kubalulekile ukukhumbula njalo.
Ividiyo ekulesi sihloko izokhuluma ngamazinga kashukela ajwayelekile egazi.
