I-insulin yi-hormone yemvelaphi ye-peptide, ekhiqizwa yi-pancreas kumuntu ophilile. Le nto ibandakanyeka ngqo kumetabolism futhi inganciphisa amazinga kashukela egazini. I-insulin iphinde ithuthukise ukwakheka kwamaprotheni nokwakhiwa kwezakhi ezintsha zamaprotheni.
Uma i-insulin ingaphansi kokujwayelekile, umuntu unokwenyuka okubukhali koshukela wegazi, okubangela ukukhula kwesifo sikashukela. Kubantu abadala, imvamisa ye-insulin ye-hormone ngu-3-25 mkU / ml, izingane ezinempilo zivame ukuba nenkomba ye-3-20 mkU / ml. Izinga le-insulin elisezingeni eliphansi enganeni noma kumuntu okhulile livame ukukhombisa ukutholakala kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1.
Khomba amazinga aphansi e-insulin ezinganeni ezisencane kungaba ngezimpawu ezithile. Ingane ingakwazi ukuphuza amanzi ngentshiseko noma ukumunca, amantshontsho aphuma kumchamo aba lukhuni, lokhu kungenxa yokwehla ushukela emzimbeni.
Izimpawu ze-insulin ephansi
Uma umuntu enamazinga e-insulin aphansi, izimpawu zokuqala ze-hyperglycemia ziyaqapheleka - ushukela wegazi ophezulu. Esimweni lapho kutholwa i-insulin ephansi noma ukungatholakali kwayo ngokuphelele, ushukela awunakuhanjiswa ngokuzimela emangqamuzaneni, ngenxa yalokho uqongelela emithanjeni yegazi. Amaseli athuthukisa ukuntuleka koshukela.
Lapho udokotela ethola i-insulin ephansi yegazi, zivame ukutholakala isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1. Empilweni yabo yonke, abantu abanjalo badinga ukubheka amazinga kashukela egazini futhi bajobe i-insulin njalo ukwehlisa amazinga kashukela aphezulu.
Kungenzeka futhi ukuthi izinga le-insulin lanele, kepha i-hormone ayikwazi ukubhekana nomsebenzi wayo ojwayelekile ngenxa yokuphazamiseka okuthile. Kulokhu, ukumelana ne-insulin kuyatholakala futhi kutholakala isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2.
Kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lwesifo, isiguli singathola lezi zimpawu ezilandelayo:
- Kukhuphuke ukuphuma komchamo, ikakhulukazi ebusuku. Uma izinga likashukela wegazi likhuphuka, umzimba uzama ukulikhipha ngomchamo. I-glucose yona iheha amanzi, ngakho-ke inani lomchamo liyenyuka futhi into efana ne-polyuria ivela.
- Ngezinga le-glucose ephezulu, umuntu uhlala womile. Lesi simo se-polydipsia sihlobene ngqo nokwanda kwesidingo somzimba soketshezi ngenxa yokuchama okusheshayo nokuchichimayo.
- Uma ukwelashwa kungakaqalwa ngesikhathi, amazinga e-insulin anciphisiwe aqala ukuthuthuka, ngenxa yalokho izimpawu ziba sobala futhi ziphinyiselwe ngokwengeziwe. Uma kungekho ukwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi, ukuntuleka okukhulu kwama-hormone kungaholela emiphumeleni emibi eyingozi empilweni yomuntu.
Izizathu nokwelashwa
Izinga le-insulin ephansi lingabangelwa yizici ezahlukahlukene. Ukuze uthole imbangela efanele, kufanele uthintane nodokotela, uhlolwe ngokugcwele, uhlolwe konke ukuhlolwa kwegazi nomchamo.
Amazinga ama-Hormone angancipha ngokudla ngokweqile nokudla ukudla okungenampilo okune-calorie ephezulu. Uma isiguli esiphakanyisiwe sidla njalo izitsha ezingase zibe nama-carbohydrate acolisisiwe, lokhu kuholela ekwandeni kweglucose yegazi.
Ukuze ubhekane nomthamo omkhulu kashukela ongenayo, ama-pancreas adinga ukukhulisa i-insulin. Uma i-insulin ye-hormone yehlisiwe, kunengozi yokuba nesifo sikashukela.
- Ezigulini ezingamahlalakhona nezingatheleleki, umzimba ubuthakathaka kakhulu, ngenxa yalokho ukungagugi kuncishiswe. Lokhu kubuye kuphathe kabi ukuphazamiseka kwemizwa.
- Imvamisa amazinga aphansi we-insulin abonwa ngokucindezelwa kanye nenjabulo yenjabulo. Kulokhu, kunconywa ukuthi ufunde ukulawula imizwa yakho futhi ugweme izimo zokwethuka.
- Ukucindezela ngokweqile noma, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukulonda indlela yokuphila ephansi nakho kudala imiphumela yehlise i-insulin. Ukukhiqizwa kwehomoni kuyayeka, okwandisa ingozi yokuthola lesi sifo.
- Kubandakanya ukungondleki kuholela ekuphazamisekeni kwe-metabolic emzimbeni. Ukwehlisa inani loshukela omningi, kunikezwa indlela yokudla ekhethekile yokwelapha.
Ungawandisa kanjani amazinga e-insulin
Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amazinga kashukela wegazi ahlala evamile, kubalulekile futhi ukulawula amazinga e-insulin. Ukuqunjelwa kwaleli hormone kukhuphuka ngokudla ama-sweeteners kanye ne-insulin therapy. Ngaphezu kwalokho, udokotela angakunquma ukuthatha imishanguzo yokwehlisa ushukela.
Umuthi iLivitsin unomphumela we-vasodilating, ukuze igazi lihlanzwa ngezinto ezinobuthi kanye noshukela ngokweqile. Umuthi i-Civilin uvuselela amaseli we-pancreatic, okuthi ngokuzayo ahileleke ekwenziweni kwe-insulin, ngaleyo ndlela andise ukubhebhetheka kwe-hormone.
Umuthi ubuyisela isizinda se-hormonal kanye namasosha omzimba, uqinisa ukusebenza kwawo. Kuyasiza nangabe i-insulin yehliswa, umuthi wendabuko.
Ukwelashwa kwalesi sifo nge-insulin ephansi kufanele kube okuphelele, isiguli kufanele sinikezwe indlela ekhethekile yokudla okwelapha. Kusho ukuthini lokhu kwisifo sikashukela? Umsoco kufanele ube nokuqukethwe okulinganiselayo nokugcwele. Udinga ukudla ngezingxenye ezincane, kepha kaningi, okungenani izikhathi ezinhlanu kuya kweziyisithupha ngosuku.
- Konke ukudla okunama-khalori aphezulu nezitsha eziqukethe inkomba ye-glycemic ephezulu kufanele kungafakwa ekudleni. Kuyadingeka ukulahla amazambane, ilayisi, i-semolina, uju neminye imikhiqizo ekhulisa ushukela wegazi futhi kuphazamise nemetabolism yomzimba.
- Ukudla kufanele kufake izitsha nokudla okukhuthaza ama-pancreas. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ama-apula, inyama ebondayo, ama-blueberries, i-kefir, iparsley, neklabishi. Uma udla kahle, phakathi nesonto lokuqala lokwelashwa ungathola imiphumela emihle.
- Ukwelashwa okusebenzayo, udokotela angabeka imithi hhayi nje kuphela, kodwa futhi nezinqubo zomzimba, kanye ne-electrophoresis. Ukuze uqinise ukungatheleleki futhi wenze umzimba ube ngokwejwayelekile, i-Biozinc neBiocalcium nayo iyathathelwa, izithako ezinjalo zokudla zengeza amazinga kashukela, sisiza ushukela ukuthi ungenwe kangcono, futhi ube neqhaza ekuthuthukiseni izinqubo ze-microcirculation zegazi kanye nezinqubo ze-metabolic.
- Ungangezela i-insulin ngokwandisa umsebenzi womzimba. AmaHikers anconyelwa abanesifo sikashukela, umsebenzi ofanayo womzimba usiza ushukela ukungena kwezicubu zomzimba ngokushesha futhi kunciphisa ukugcwala koshukela egazini. Ukuzwela i-insulin ngokuzivocavoca njalo kukhuphuka ngesilinganiso esingu-25-30%.
Amanani we-glucose atholakala ngokwenza ukuhlolwa kwegazi elabhoratri. Ungasebenzisa futhi imitha ukuhlola ekhaya.
Ukwazi izinkomba, umuntu onesifo sikashukela angalawula isimo sakhe futhi, uma kunesidingo, athathe izinyathelo zokunciphisa amazinga kashukela egazi.
Izinga le-insulin
Kwabesifazane nabesilisa, izinga elijwayelekile le-insulin esiswini esingenalutho lisuka ku-3 liye ku-26 mcED / ml, kanti amazinga kashukela wegazi abhekwa njengejwayelekile ebangeni ukusuka ku-3.3 kuya ku-5.5 mmol / lit.
Kubantu asebekhulile, okujwayelekile kuhluke kancane futhi kufinyelela ku-6-35 mkU / ml. Futhi, izinkomba ezihlukile kancane zingaba kwabesifazane ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa - kusuka ku-6 kuye ku-28 μU / ml. Leli zinga le-insulin liyabhekwa ngesikhathi sokuxilongwa kwesifo sikashukela.
Ngaphezu kokuhlolela ushukela wegazi, ukuhlola amazinga e-insulin kusiza ukuthola ukuthi ngabe kukhona yini okudingeka kuqala kwalesi sifo. Lokhu kunaka i-insulin ephezulu nephansi.
- Ukugcwala okukhulu kwe-hormone kungabonisa ukuthi ama-pancreas akhiqiza inani le-insulin ngokweqile, lona futhi elingangenwa ngamangqamuzana omzimba. Ngezinga eliphansi le-insulin, udokotela uthola ukuthi amaseli we-pancreas awakhiqizi inani elifanele le-hormone.
- Ushintsho emazingeni e-insulin ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa luhambisana neqiniso lokuthi iplacenta ikhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwama-hormone akhulisa amazinga kashukela. I-glucose nayo ithukuthelisa umzimba ukuthi ukhiphe i-insulin.
- Ngakho-ke, ushukela ukwi-placenta ye-fetus, obangela ukuthi amanyikwe ayo asebenze kakhulu futhi akhiqize i-insulin ngokweqile. I-glucose iguqulwa ibe ngamafutha omzimba, okuholela ekunyuseni kwesisindo sowesifazane nengane engakazalwa. Ukuze uvikele lesi simo, kulandelwa ukudla okukhethekile.
Kwabesilisa, ukuphazamiseka kungahle kuhlotshaniswe nokubhujiswa kwamaseli e-pancreatic. Le nto ingabonakala kubantu abasha ngokumelene nesizinda sokuqalwa kwesifo esithathelwanayo segciwane. Futhi, amazinga e-insulin akhuphukile angakhombisa ubukhona besimila se-pancreatic, i-adrenal gland kanye nesifo sesibindi. Uma kungekho la ma-pathologies, udokotela uvame ukuxilonga uhlobo 2 lwesifo sikashukela.
Isimo se-insulin egazini ezinganeni nasebangeni le-3-20 μU / ml. Endabeni yokuqalwa kwanoma yisiphi isifo, amazinga e-hormone angashintsha kokubili phezulu naphansi. Udokotela angakwazi ukubona isifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, okuthi, njengomthetho, sizenze sisazizwa sisemncane.
Imininingwane yokuthi yimiphi imisebenzi eyenziwa yi-insulin emzimbeni inikezwe kuvidiyo ekulesi sihloko.
