I-Glucophage isidakamizwa esinomphumela we-hypoglycemic. Njengazo zonke izidakamizwa ezisetshenziswa ekwelapheni isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, i-glucophage notshwala azihambelani.
Ngalesi sizathu, impendulo yombuzo wokuthi kungenzeka yini ukuphuza lo muthi uma uphuzo oludakayo ungaphendulwa ku-negative kuphela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusebenzisa kanyekanye umuthi kanye notshwala akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele, ngoba ukuhlanganiswa okunjalo kungadala ingozi enkulu emzimbeni wesiguli esinohlobo lwe-2 mellitus yesifo sikashukela.
I-Glucophage ekwakhiweni kwayo ine-metformin njengesithako esisebenzayo. Umuthi wenziwa yizinkampani ezenza amakhambi kwimithamo engama-500, 850 ne-1000 mg yesithako esisebenzayo kwithebhulethi ngayinye.
Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezidakamizwa ezinomthamo ohlukile zenza kube lula ukuhlanganisa umthamo ofanele nezinye izidakamizwa ze-hypoglycemic ngesikhathi sokwelashwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kohlobo lwe-2 mellitus yesifo sikashukela, ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlobonhlobo zemithamo etholakalayo yenza kube lula ukukhetha umthamo odingekayo ngesikhathi se-monotherapy.
Ngaphezu kwekhompiyutha enkulu esebenzayo, izakhi ezingeziwe ziphathiswe imisebenzi yokusiza.
Izakhi ezinjalo ekwakhiweni komkhiqizo wezokwelapha yilezi zingxube ezilandelayo:
- i-povidone;
- i-magnesium stearate;
- I-Opadra ihlanzekile.
I-Metformin, eyisithako esiyinhloko esisebenzayo somuthi, ifakiwe ekwakhekeni kwayo ngendlela ye-hydrochloride. Umuthi wenzelwe ukuphathwa ngomlomo futhi ungokweqembu le-Biguanides. I-Endocrinologists ibeka ukusetshenziswa kwalo muthi uma kunesidingo sokwehlisa izinga loshukela emzimbeni wesiguli esinesifo sikashukela ngokungabi bikho komphumela omuhle ngokulandela ukudla okhethekile nokunikeza umzimba ukuzivocavoca umzimba.
Ukusetshenziswa kwesidakamizwa akunamthelela ekukhuthazeni ukwenziwa kwe-insulin ngamaseli akhethekile wezicubu ze-pancreatic.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho uphuza umuthi ngumuntu ophilile, akubangeli ukwehla ushukela emzimbeni.
Umuthi ukhiqizwa ngezindlela ezimbili, ezihlukile kwesinye isikhathi sokusebenza kwengxenye esebenzayo. I-Glucophage ende inesikhathi eside sokusebenza emzimbeni kuqhathaniswa nendlela esezingeni yemithi.
Imiyalo yokusebenzisa umuthi
Lapho uthatha i-Glucofage, ungasebenzisa amanye ama-hypoglycemic agents, uma kunesidingo, phakathi nokwelashwa okuyinkimbinkimbi.
Ukuthatha umuthi kungahlanganiswa nokusetshenziswa kwemithi, kubandakanya i-insulin.
Ungaphuza umuthi kuphela njengoba kuchazwe udokotela wakho kanye nemithamo enconywa yona.
Izinkomba eziphambili zokusebenzisa umuthi yilezi ezilandelayo:
- Ukuba khona emzimbeni wesiguli esidala sohlobo lwe-2 mellitus yesifo sikashukela.
- Ukuba khona kohlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 ezinganeni ezineminyaka engaphezu kwe-10 ubudala (umuthi ungasetshenziswa zombili ngesikhathi se-monotherapy kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwezidakamizwa eziqukethe i-insulin).
- Endabeni yentuthuko yokukhuluphala emzimbeni wesiguli ngokumelene nesizinda sokuthuthuka kwefomu elizimele le-insulin yesifo sikashukela, esimweni sokuphikiswa kwe-insulin yesibini.
Into esebenzayo yesidakamizwa ikhombisa izakhiwo zayo ze-hypoglycemic kuphela uma kune-hyperglycemia enzima emzimbeni wesiguli. Lapho usebenzisa lesi sidakamizwa, kuba khona umphumela we-hypoglycemic oqhubekayo.
Umshini womthelela womuthi emzimbeni uchazwa yikhono le-metformin lokuthonya izinqubo ze-gluconeogeneis ne-glycogenolysis; ngaphezu kwalokho, umuthi usiza ukwehlisa izinga lokufakwa kweglucose emgodini wesisu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa kwe-Glucofage kunegalelo ekwandeni kokuzwela kwezicubu zomzimba ezihambisana ne-insulin ezitholakala kulwelwesi lwamaseli.
Ukusetshenziswa kwomuthi kuthinta i-lipid metabolism, kunciphisa izinga lama-lipoprotein, i-triglycerides ne-cholesterol emzimbeni wesiguli esinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2.
Ingxenye esebenzayo ayithuthukisiwe emzimbeni, futhi impilo yayo engaba yingxenye yamahora ayi-6.5.
Ukuchithwa kwengxenye esebenzayo yesidakamizwa emzimbeni womuntu yenziwa izinso nangamathumbu.
Contraindication kanye nemiphumela emibi lapho usebenzisa i-Glucofage
Njenganoma yisiphi isidakamizwa, i-Glucophage inezindlela eziningi zokuphambana.
Futhi, lapho uthatha i-Glucofage, imiphumela emibi ehlukahlukene ingavela.
Ukuvikela ukwenzeka kwemiphumela emibi, imiyalo yokusetshenziswa komuthi nomthamo onconyelwe ukwelashwa kufanele uqashelwe.
I-contraindication ejwayelekile engakuvumeli ukuthi uthathe i-glucophage yile elandelayo:
- isiguli sinokungakwazi ukubekezelela i-metformin noma ezinye izinto zomuthi;
- ukwephulwa kwesibindi nezinso;
- isikhathi sokukhulelwa nesikhathi sokuncelisa;
- ukuba khona kwezimpawu zesifo sikashukela sikashukela emzimbeni;
- Ukudla okunama-khalori aphansi
- ukuba khona kwesilinganiso esiphakeme samathuba okuthuthuka emzimbeni wesimo sokufa yindlala yamaseli wezicubu zezicubu ezahlukahlukene;
- ukuthuthukiswa komzimba wesiguli sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili lwesimo sokuphelelwa amandla emzimbeni;
- ukwenzeka kwesimo sokuthuthumela komzimba.
Lapho uthatha i-Glucophage, iziguli ezinomdlavuza wesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, ezineminyaka engaphezu kweminyaka engama-60, kufanele ziqaphele, njengoba amathuba okuthi ukukhula kwesimo se-hypoglycemic kukhuphuke.
Imiphumela emibi yomzimba ingenzeka uma uhlanganisa ukuthatha i-glucophage notshwala.
Ngaphambi kokusebenzisa ukwelashwa kwe-glucophage, kufanele ufunde imiphumela emibi engahle ivele emzimbeni.
Imiphumela emibi elandelayo ingenzeka emzimbeni womuntu:
- Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo.
- Ukuvela kwezinkinga ngokudla.
- Ukuvela kokuphendula okuhlukahlukene komzimba, kuboniswe ngesimo sokuqhuma kwesikhumba kanye ne-urticaria.
- Umuzwa wokucanuzelelwa kwenhliziyo nesifiso sokuhlanza.
- Ukubonakala kobuhlungu esiswini nokuphazamiseka komgudu wokugaya ukudla. Ukuphazamiseka kwesisu kuvame ukubonakaliswa ngendlela yohudo.
- Ezimweni ezingavamile, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-hepatitis.
- Esimweni sokwephulwa okukhulu ekusebenzeni komzimba, isiguli sakha izimpawu ze-lactocytosis.
Ukuze uvikele ukuvela kwezinkinga zomzimba, akufanele uhlanganise notshwala nokuthatha umuthi.
Ukuhambisana kweGlucophage notshwala akwemukeleki, ngoba utshwala obuhlangene ne-metformin, obuyingxenye yeGlucophage, bungavusa ukubukeka kokuphazamiseka emzimbeni okungaholela ekufeni.
Ingozi ebulalayo ye-ethanol emzimbeni
Iningi leziguli, lokwahlulela izibuyekezo ezitholakalayo, zithi umuthi i-Glucophage esigabeni sokungathandeki. Lesi sidakamizwa sinokuhambisana okungajwayelekile nezinye izidakamizwa, futhi ngento efana notshwala akufanele ihlanganiswe. Iqiniso lokuthi awukwazi ukuhlanganisa utshwala ne-glucophage libonisa ngokucacile imiyalo yokusebenzisa umuthi.
Lapho uthatha umuthi, kuyenqatshelwa ukusebenzisa noma yiziphi iziphuzo eziqukethe utshwala, futhi kwenqatshelwe ukuphuza ngisho neziphuzo zotshwala obuphansi, ngokwesibonelo, ubhiya.
Udinga ukwazi ukuthi kusukela ekuphuzeni utshwala ezigulini i-hypoglycemia iba nesifo sikashukela, kubandakanya nokubambezeleka.
Ukungalingani kahle kotshwala ne-Glucofage kungenxa yokuthi yomibili imikhiqizo inomthwalo obalulekile ekusebenzeni kwesibindi, futhi lapho ithathwa ndawonye, lo mthwalo esithobeni uyaphindaphindeka.
Isibindi emzimbeni siqala izinqubo ze-biochemical eziholela ekwehleni kweshukela egazini, elingena emzimbeni kanye notshwala futhi lisize ukukhuphula ukukhiqizwa kwe-insulin.
IGlucophage isidakamizwa esithinta izinqubo ze-biochemical esibindini. Lapho utshwala obunomuthi buthathwa ngasikhathi sinye, kuba nokwanda okukhulu kokukhiqizwa kwe-insulin kanye nokwenza kusebenze kwenqubo yokususa ushukela ku-plasma yegazi. Kulezo zinto eziyinkimbinkimbi, zonke lezi zinqubo ziholela ekwehleni okukhulu kweshukela ushukela emzimbeni kanye nokubonakala kwezinga eliphakeme lokuthola ukuthi isiguli siwele enkingeni. Uma ngabe kulesisimo umuntu ngeke anikezwe ukunakekelwa kwezokwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi, khona-ke amathuba emiphumela ebulalayo ephezulu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuphuza kanyekanye kotshwala kanye ne-Glucofage, izinga eliphakeme lokutholakala kokuthuthuka emzimbeni wesiguli esinesifo sikashukela mellitus sohlobo lwesibili lwezimpawu ze-lactic acidosis.
Ngokukhula kwalesi simo emzimbeni, kukhuphuka kakhulu inani le-lactic acid, okubangelwa ukuphazamiseka ezinqubweni zokushintshana kwe-ion kumaseli nokwanda ukukhiqizwa kwe-lactate amaseli wesibindi.
Isimo se-lactic acidosis sibonakaliswa ukuthuthukiswa okusheshayo kwezimpawu. I-Acid eqoqana nezicubu iholela ekubhujisweni kwamaseli nokufa. Umphumela obulalayo uqoshwa ngokwezibalo zezokwelapha kanye nemvamisa ye-50 kuye ku-90% yazo zonke izimo ze-lactic acidosis ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2.
Ukuze ugweme imiphumela emibi, kungcono ukuyeke ukusetshenziswa kotshwala ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kweGlucofage. Ngaphambi kokuthenga umuthi, udinga ukutadisha ngokuningiliziwe umbuzo wokuthi ungayithatha kanjani iGlucophage ukuze uzuze inzuzo ephezulu evela kuyo.
Ividiyo ekulesi sihloko ichaza ukuthi uwuthatha kanjani umuthi ngendlela efanele.
