Kukholelwa ukuthi isifo sikashukela siyindlela yezifo zabantu abadala abakhuluphele nabangasebenzi kahle kohlelo lwe-endocrine. Kodwa-ke, izingane nazo zingahlupheka yilesi sifo, esidlula sona kakhulu sivela kuzo njengefa. I-Pathology cishe ayinayo enye inkambo nezimpawu.
Njengomthetho, izingane zitholakala zinhlobo lwe-1 sikashukela mellitus, encike kwi-insulin. Eminyakeni yamuva, amacala abe esevame kakhulu lapho, ngemuva kweminyaka engu-7 yobudala, uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela esinga-insulin-2 olungatholakali ezinganeni.
Izimpawu zesifo sikashukela ezinganeni ziyafana nokuboniswa kwalesi sifo lapho umuntu esemdala. Ekwelashweni kwesifo sikashukela sabantwana, ama-nuances womzimba ukuthi into ekhulayo ayabhekwa.
Izingane nesifo sikashukela
Le pathology eyingozi iyisifo sohlelo lwe-endocrine yemvelo engapheli. Lesi sifo sivela ngenxa yokuntuleka kwe-insulin, eyenziwe ngamanyikwe. Kusetshenziswa i-insulin, ushukela ungena emangqamuzaneni.
Ekwakhekeni kwesifo sikashukela, ushukela awukwazi ukungena ngokuzimela kumaseli. Ihlala egazini, ethinta kabi umzimba. Lapho i-glucose ingena emzimbeni ngokudla, iphenduka ibe amandla amsulwa ngaphakathi kweseli, okuvumela zonke izinhlelo nezitho zomzimba ukuba zisebenze ngokujwayelekile. Ngaphakathi kwamaseli, ushukela ungangena nge-insulin kuphela.
Uma kunokuntuleka kwe-insulin emzimbeni, ushukela uhlala egazini, bese uqala ukuqina. Ngenxa yalokhu, igazi alikwazi ukudlulisela ngokushesha izakhamzimba nomoya-mpilo kumaseli. Izindonga zemithambo yegazi ziba mnene kakhulu ngenxa yezakhamzimba, zilahlekelwe ukuqina kwazo. Lesi simo sisongela ngokuqondile ulwelwesi lwezinzwa.
Ngenxa yesifo sikashukela, ingane inenkinga yokuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic:
- amanoni,
- carbohydrate
- amaprotheni
- amaminerali
- usawoti wamanzi.
Ngakho-ke, kuvela izinkinga ezahlukahlukene zesifo ezisongela impilo.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zesifo sikashukela ezinomehluko obalulekile ngokuya nge-etiology, pathogeneis, ukubonakaliswa komtholampilo nokwelashwa.
Uhlobo lokuqala lwesifo sikashukela kunqunywa ngokuntuleka kwe-insulin. Amanyikwe awakhiqizi. Lo mzimba awuhambelani nemisebenzi yawo. Umthamo we-insulin eyenziwe nge-insulin awucutshungulwa futhi izinga le-glucose egazini liyakhuphuka. Ngale ndlela yesifo sikashukela, ukwelashwa kwe-insulin kudingeka njalo njalo. Ukwelashwa kuqukethe imijovo yansulin yansuku zonke, ebanjiswa ngendlela enqunyelwe ngokuqinile.
Esikhathini sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili, i-insulin emzimbeni yanele, futhi kwesinye isikhathi ingaphezu kwesilinganiso esidingekayo. Kepha akunamsebenzi, ngoba izicubu zomzimba ngenxa yezizathu ezithile zilahlekelwa ukuzwela kwazo. Ngamanye amagama, akukho ukuqashelwa kwe-insulin.
Izinkinga zesifo sikashukela zivezwa ku:
- izifo zenhliziyo,
- i-neuropathy - ukwephulwa kohlelo lwezinzwa,
- i-nephropathy - ukungasebenzi kahle ezinso,
- isimo esibi sesikhumba
- i-osteoporosis.
Izinkinga ezifakwe ohlwini azilona uhlu oluphelele lwemiphumela emibi engaholela kuyo isifo sikashukela. Izincomo zokwelashwa kufanele zilandelwe ukuze kungabikho zinqubo ezingenakuphikiswa emzimbeni wengane.
Indlela engcono yokuvimbela izinkinga zesifo sikashukela ukubheka njalo ushukela wegazi kanye nokunciphisa umngcele we-carbohydrate.
Izingane ezinesifo sikashukela zidinga kakhulu ukunakekelwa okuqhubekayo nokubhekwa kwesimo somzimba kubazali bazo.
Izimpawu zesifo sikashukela ezinganeni
Izimpawu zesifo sikashukela ezinganeni cishe azifani nokuboniswa kwalesi sifo kubantu abadala. Ngokuthola ukwelashwa okunganele, ingane ingahlangabezana nobuhlungu besisu, ukulunywa yisikhumba, i-furunculosis ne-neurodermatitis.
Lezi zimpawu zesifo sikashukela ezinganeni ezineminyaka eyi-10 zivame ukuba wumphumela wesifo sikashukela esibucayi esincike kakhulu. Isici esibonakalayo ukuthi ukwelashwa kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, ngoba ukusebenza kwamanyikwe sekuvele kukhubazekile, futhi ushukela egazini ukhuphuka kahle.
Ingane eneminyaka eyishumi isivele ikwazi ukukhuluma ngezinkinga zayo zempilo, ngokwesibonelo, ikhala ngomlomo owomile noma umoya omubi. Ababelethi kufanele banake ilwazi lomlomo elinikelwe umntwana wabo, kanye nokuziphatha kwakhe. Izingane zivame ukukhononda nge-migraines, ukukhohlwa, ukungaxakeki kanye noshintsho ngemuva kwesimo semizwa.
Izimpawu zesifo sikashukela ezinganeni zikhula ngokushesha okukhulu. Uma kutholakala izimpawu zomlingiswa, kubalulekile ukuthi ngokushesha uthathe ingane yakho uye kudokotela. Ukuziba izimpawu ezihambisana nesifo sikashukela ezimeni eziningi kuholela emiphumeleni emibi emibi.
Izimpawu zakudala zesifo sikashukela zifaka:
- ukoma okungapheli, okuvela ngenxa yokwelula kwamanzi kusuka kumaseli nezicubu, ngoba umzimba uzwa isidingo sokufaka ushukela egazini,
- ukuchama kaningi - kuvela ngenxa yokoma okungapheli,
- ukwehla kwesisindo esisheshayo - umzimba ulahlekelwa amandla okuhlanganisa amandla kusuka kushukela kanye nokushintshwa kwezicubu zemisipha ne-adipose,
- ukukhathala okungapheli - izitho nezicubu zihlupheka ngenxa yokuntuleka kwamandla, ukuthumela amasiginali athile ebuchosheni,
- isifiso sokudla esinciphile - kunezinkinga ngokufakwa kokudla,
- ukukhubazeka okubukwayo - izinga eliphakeme le-glucose egazini liholela ekuphepheni komzimba, lokhu kuyasebenza nakulensi yeso, inkungu emehlweni kanye nezinye izinkinga ziyaqala
- izifo zokukhunta
- Isifo sikashukela sikashukela siyinkinga enkulu ehambisana nokucanuzelelwa, ubuhlungu besisu nokukhathala.
Njengoba unesifo sikashukela ezimweni eziningi, i-ketoacidosis yeswekile iyakhiwa, iyingozi empilweni yezingane.
Le nkinga idinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelashwa ngokushesha.
Izindlela zokuxilonga zokunqunywa kwesifo sikashukela
Uma abazali beqaphele izimpawu zokubonisa isifo sikashukela enganeni, kubalulekile ukuthi basheshe basithole. Uma isisindo sengane ngesikhathi sokuzalwa sasisuka kumakhilogremu amane kuya kwayisithupha, lokhu kubonisa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi unesifo sikashukela.
Kubalulekile ukubheka isimo somntwana osanda kuzalwa futhi isikhathi esithile ungasebenzisi ama-diapers ukuhlola ukuthi ingane ichama kangaki.
Ukuxilongwa ngokususelwa kuzimpawu ezikhona kufaka phakathi ukuhlolwa kokubekezelela ushukela. Ukuhlaziywa kwenziwa ngesisu esingenalutho. Okwesibili kwenziwa, lapho ingane iphuza u-75 g we-glucose ngamanzi.
Ngemuva kwezinqubo zokuxilonga, udokotela ufunda imiphumela yezifundo. Uma izinkomba zisebangeni le-7.5 - 10.9 mmol / l, khona-ke isifo sikashukela siyindali futhi ukuqapha kuyadingeka ngamandla.
Uma isibalo singaphezu kuka-11 mmol / l, khona-ke ukuxilongwa kuqinisekisiwe, futhi ingane idinga ukwelashwa, kuya ngohlobo lwesifo sikashukela.
Izici zokwelapha
Kuyadingeka ukwelapha isifo sikashukela ezinganeni njalo, kuphela kuleli cala ungasigcina silawulwa yilesi sifo futhi ungesabi ukwakheka kwezinkinga. Ukwelashwa nakanjani kufaka ukwelashwa kokudla, kanye nokubambelela ngokuqinile kwimithetho yokudla.
Ukusetshenziswa njalo kokulungiswa kwe-insulin okwenziwa yizingane ezinhlobo lokuqala lwesifo sikashukela kuyingxenye esemqoka yokwelashwa. Njengomthetho, udokotela ubeka iyunithi yomuthi we-3-5 g kashukela womchamo. Lokhu kusuka kumayunithi angama-20 kuye kwangama-40 ngosuku. Lapho lesi sifo sikhula noma ingane ikhula, umthamo ungakhuphuka noma unciphe. I-insulin ifakwa ngenkani kabili ngosuku imizuzu eyi-15 ngaphambi kokudla.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi umthamo we-insulin kufanele unqunywe ngudokotela uqobo. Ukulungiswa komthamo we-insulin futhi kwenziwa kuphela ngudokotela. Abazali abavinjelwe ukwenza izinguquko ezinconyweni zodokotela.
Ukwelashwa, kubalulekile ukubheka njalo ushukela ekudleni. Inani lama-carbohydrate ngosuku akufanele lidlule amagremu angama-380-400. Uma kunesidingo, kunikezwa imishanguzo equkethe izidakamizwa ze-choleretic ne-hepatotropic.
Igama nomthamo wesidakamizwa ukhethwa ngokuqinile ngemuva kokuthola imiphumela yokuxilonga. Bazali kumele bakhumbule ukuthi isifo sikashukela ebuntwaneni akusona isigwebo. Kubalulekile ukunikeza ingane ukunakwa okuthile futhi unamathele kwizeluleko zezokwelashwa. Kulesi simo kuphela, lesi sifo sizobe silawulwa, futhi ingane izophila impilo ephelele.
Isifo sikashukela, ukudla okukudla kukuvumela ukuthi uqaphe njalo ushukela wegazi. Ukudla futhi kunqunywe ngudokotela, kepha kunemithetho yokudla ejwayelekile yalesi sifo.
Ekudleni kwezingane ezinesifo sikashukela kukhawulelwe:
- Imikhiqizo yokubhaka
- amazambane
- izinhlobo ezithile zamabele.
Ukwakha ama-porridge, kungcono ukusebenzisa izindlela zokugaya ama-coarse, njenge-oatmeal noma i-buckwheat. Ushukela awukhishwe ekudleni, ufakwa esikhundleni se-sweeteners yemvelo.
I-Semolina ne-irayisi porridge kungcono ukuyidla kancane. Izingane ezinesifo sikashukela zingadla amajikijolo, ezinye izithelo nemifino. Kwezinye izimo, okulandelayo kuvunyelwe:
- raspberries
- sitrobheli
- izithelo.
Kukhishwe kwimenyu:
- ukudla okunamafutha
- izitsha ezinosawoti
- amasoseji.
Uma ingane yanoma yimuphi unyaka wokuzalwa inomlando wesifo sikashukela, kubalulekile ukuyondla okungenani kayisithupha ngosuku. Ukukhonzelwa kufanele kube kuncane. Ngalesi sifo, kubalulekile ukuthi ungafikelwa yindlala, ngoba lokhu kusheshisa ukukhula kwezinkinga.
Izindlela zokuvimbela isifo sikashukela ezinganeni kufanele zenziwe kusukela kwazalwa lona. Ikakhulu, kubalulekile lapho omunye wabazali enalesi sifo.
Mayelana nezimpawu nezimpawu zesifo sikashukela ezinganeni zizotshela ividiyo ekulesi sihloko.
