Kwezokwelapha, ngokuvamile kwamukelwa ukuthi izinga elijwayelekile le-glycemic akufanele lidlule amayunithi angama-5.5, futhi isibalo esishiwo singumkhawulo ophezulu wesilinganiso sokuzila kwegazi. Amanani we-glucose awa ngokuya ngobulili bomuntu, noma kunjalo, angahlukaniswa ngokuya ngendlela yokuthatha izinto eziphilayo.
Igazi linikelwa ekuseni, imvamisa ukusuka ngo-8,00 kuye ku-11.00, kunconyelwa ukuthi cishe amahora angama-8 ngaphambi kwalokhu, ungadli ukudla, unikeze utshwala, ubheme, i-caffeine. Uketshezi ngaphambi kokufunda lusetshenziswa ngendlela ejwayelekile, ngaphandle kweziphuzo ezinoshukela, itiye elimnyama eliqinile.
Uma igazi linikelwa kusuka emunweni, umphumela omuhle uhluka kusuka kumaphuzu angama-3.3 kuya kwangama-5.5 ukuthola indlela evamile yegazi elibuhlungu, izibalo ezitholakele ziphindaphindwe ngo-12%. Kwesinye isikhathi izinkambiso zamazinga we-glycemia zingancika eminyakeni yesiguli, kumuntu okhule kakhulu, nokwenyuka kweshukela lakhe.
Uma umuntu enoshukela wegazi ophakeme, lesi simo siyingozi kakhulu empilweni. Nge-hyperglycemia yesikhathi eside, kuba khona inkinga yesikhashana yesikhashana:
- isifo sikashukela sikashukela;
- i-hyperosmolar coma.
Ukushintshashintsha kwezikhathi kwamanani eglucose akunangozi kangako, kuthinta kabi isimo samalungu aphansi, imithambo yegazi, amehlo nezinso zesiguli. Uma ukwelashwa kungathathwa ngokushesha okukhulu, ushukela ungagxuma ufike kuma-32 mmol / ilitha, ongabulala.
Izimbangela, ukuxilongwa kanye nezimpawu
Amazinga kashukela wegazi angahluka ngezizathu ezahlukahlukene, imvamisa phakathi kokuzivocavoca umzimba, ukuqeqeshwa kwezemidlalo, izimo ezicindezelayo, nangesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ukudla okungenampilo, imilutha, ushintsho lwamahomoni kungavusa izinkinga ngoshukela.
Lapho kukhona izifo ze-endocrine, ukukhiqizwa kwama-hormone kuyaphazamiseka, sikhuluma ngesifo sika-Cushing, pheochromocytoma, thyrotooticosis. Kulokhu, lapho kukhuphuka ushukela, kuyanda ukusebenza kwe-secretion kwama-hormone.
Izinqubo ze-Metabolic emzimbeni zingathikamezeka nge-pathologies of pancreas, malignant and benign neoplasms. Imvamisa, ukugxumagxila kushukela kuqashelwa ngokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwama-hormonal, izidakamizwa ze-steroid, ama-diuretics namaphilisi okulawula ukuzalwa.
Ama-pathologies wesibindi abuye athinte izinkomba ze-glycemia, ukugula okunjalo kufaka phakathi:
- i-cirrhosis;
- i-hepatitis;
- isimila.
Into yokuqala okufanele yenziwe uma ushukela wegazi ukhuphukele ezingeni elibucayi lama-32 mmol / ilitha, susa izimbangela zalesi simo. Amacala angawodwa we-hyperglycemia awabizwa ngokuthi uphawu lwesifo sikashukela, kepha kulokhu kubalulekile ukuthatha zonke izindlela ezinokwenzeka ukuze isimo singaphindi sibuye.
Udinga ukucabanga kabusha ngemikhuba yakho yokudla, kufanele ulinganise ngokwezifiso amazinga kashukela usebenzisa ithuluzi elikhethekile le-glucometer noma uye emtholampilo ukuze uhlaziywe. Kodwa isincomo sokwenza imithambo yokuzivocavoca kanye nezinye izinhlobo zomsebenzi wezokwelapha kuleli cala asifanele, ngoba lokhu kungavusa ukwanda okukhulu kwe-glycemia.
Isiguli kufanele sikhumbule ukuthi amadivaysi asekhaya okunquma izinkomba ze-glucose ahlala elungiselelwe ukukala i-plasma yegazi, ngakho-ke umphumela otholakala kunoma yiliphi icala uzokwehliswa ngo-12%. Ucwaningo luyadingeka kaningana phakathi nosuku, uma ngaphambili izinkomba ze-glycemia bezingamaphuzu angama-32, kepha isifo sikashukela asitholakalanga kubantu. Le ndlela isiza ukuvimbela ukukhula kwesifo ngendlela esifike ngayo futhi kuqede izimbangela zesimo se-pathological.
Ngokwanda ushukela, udokotela uncoma ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kwe-glucose, kuvumela ukuthi unqume uhlobo lokuqala lwesifo sikashukela - i-prediabetes. Imvamisa, ucwaningo olunjalo luyadingeka ukukhipha isifo sikashukela kanye nokuthathwa koshukela.
Ukuhlaziywa akunqunyelwe kubo bonke abantu, kodwa kuphela kwiziguli ezikhuluphele ezineminyaka engaphezu kwengama-40 noma ezisengozini yokuba nesifo sikashukela.
Ngaphezu koshintsho ezinkomba ze-glucose kubantu, kuboniswa izimpawu zesimo:
- ukuchama ngokweqile futhi njalo;
- ukukhathala ngokweqile, ubuthakathaka, ukunganaki;
- ukwehla kancane kancane kwekhwalithi yombono;
- ukuvikela okubuthakathaka kwezifo, izifo ezithathelwanayo ezihlala njalo;
- ukulunywa kwesikhumba;
- ukunciphisa noma ukwanda kwesifiso sokudla phakathi kokuthola isisindo ngokweqile noma ukunciphisa isisindo.
Izimpawu ezinjalo, kanye nenkomba ye-glycemic yama-32, ihlinzeka ngokufinyelela okusheshayo kodokotela nokuqala kwenkambo yokwelashwa.
Ukudla ngokumelene noshukela ophezulu
Ukuhlikihla ushukela kusiza ngokudla okukhethekile kwezokwelapha okuhlose ukwehlisa ukudla okugcwele ama-carbohydrate asheshayo. Uma kutholakala isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 kanye nokukhuluphala, kuphakama ukudla okune-carb ephansi. Kulokhu, ukushoda kwamaminerali kanye namavithamini kufanele kunxephezelwe.
Umuntu kufanele abe nokudla okwanele kumenyu equkethe ama-carbohydrate ayinkimbinkimbi, amafutha kanye namaprotheni. Kuyadingeka ukunikeza ukukhetha kokudla lapho inkomba ye-glycemic ephansi. Izimpawu zikashukela ophezulu zingaqedwa kuphela ngenxa yokudla okunempilo.
Isincomo esibaluleke ngokulinganayo se-hyperglycemia ukulungiswa kwemvamisa yokudla, kufanele kudliwe kaningi ngezingxenye ezincane. Kufanele kube nokudla okungu-5-6 ngosuku, okuyi-3 okuyikho kanye nezi-3 zokudla okulula. Isiguli kufanele sazi ukudla okwenqatshelwe ngoshukela ophezulu wegazi njengokubhaka, isoda, ama-chip nokudla okungenampilo.
Ukudla kufanele kufake:
- izithelo
- imifino
- inyama enciphile;
- inhlanzi
- izindunduma.
Baqikelela ukulingana kwamanzi ngoshukela owengeziwe egazini, kuyadingeka ukuphuza okungenani amalitha nengxenye amanzi ngosuku. Nge-hyperglycemia, umzimba wenza konke okusemandleni ukukhipha ushukela omningi ngomchamo, ngenxa yalokho, umuntu uyaphoqelelwa ukuthi asebenzise uketshezi oluningi nolwengeziwe. Kungcono ukuphuza amanzi amsulwa nje noma ukufaka inani elincane lejusi kalamula kulo. Futhi akunakwenzeka ukukunamathisela ngamanzi, ngoba kungenzeka ukuthi kungenze ukudakwa kwamanzi.
Kungaphansi kwalesi simo kuphela lapho isiguli singasenakuba noshukela 32.
Ungawehlisela kanjani ushukela wegazi futhi uthuthukise inhlala-kahle
Akuyona imfihlo ukuthi ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa akusizi ukuqeda imbangela kashukela omningi emzimbeni, kusiza kuphela ukunciphisa izimpawu zalesi simo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusekelwa kodokotela kumele kube khona empilweni yesiguli njalo.
Lapho isigaba sokuqala sesifo sikashukela noma sifinyelele ku-glucose asihlotshaniswa nokuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic, umuthi wendabuko usiza ekulinganiseni izinga le-glycemia.
Kuzo zonke ezinye izimo, ushukela ophezulu ungalehliswa ngosizo lwemithi ekhethekile. Amathebhulethi anjalo asiza ukukhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwe-hormone insulin ngenxa yokuqashelwa kwendalo (ukusetshenziswa kwezindawo zangaphakathi).
Ngesikhathi sokwelashwa, izinhloso ezilandelayo kufanele zitholakale:
- ushukela wegazi osheshayo ongabi ngaphezu kuka-6.5 mmol / l, ngemuva kokudla - 8 mmol / l;
- ukuvimbela ukulimala emikhunjini yengozi;
- ukuguquguquka kokugeleza kwegazi kwezicubu nezitho zangaphakathi.
Kubonakaliswe kaninginingi ukuthi ngokusebenzisa kanyekanye izinhlobo eziningana zezidakamizwa ngasikhathi sinye, kungenzeka ukuthinta ngempumelelo izinqubo ze-metabolic. Ngalesi sizathu, inhlanganisela yezidakamizwa isetshenziswa kabanzi.
Uma isizathu sokwanda ngokushesha kwe-glycemia kuhlotshaniswa nesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, udokotela unquma imijovo ye-insulin. Isimo esiyinhloko sokwenza lesi simo sibe sezingeni elifanele ukuthi udinga ukudiliza ushukela wegazi kancane kancane; uma kungenjalo, impilo yakho iba mbi kakhulu.
Lapho isiguli sine-ketoacidosis yesifo sikashukela, imijovo ye-insulin iyodwa ayanele, ngoba umzimba unobuthi ngemikhiqizo yokubola. Ngaphezu kwalokho, udokotela uzothatha isinqumo ngesidingo se-dropers, kufanele abekwe udokotela wezokwelapha.
Ekuphetheni, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi inkomba kashukela wegazi yamaphuzu angama-32 akuyona nje amanani aphezulu, empeleni ukungasebenzi kahle emzimbeni womuntu, okufaka imiphumela emibi, ubunzima kanye nokufa kwesiguli. Ngaphambi kokwenza ezinye izindlela zokwelashwa, kufanele ufune usizo lodokotela kuqala, uhlolwe ngokuphelele umzimba bese uhlolwa negazi.
Ividiyo ekulesi sihloko inikeza izincomo zokunciphisa ushukela wegazi ekhaya.
