Ukuhlolwa kwamazinga kashukela egazini kusiza ukukhombisa hhayi nje isifo sikashukela kuphela, kepha futhi nesigaba saso sangaphambilini - isifo sikashukela se-latent, noma i-latent. Le nkathi ibonakala ngohlobo lwesibili lwe-mellitus yesifo sikashukela, lapho amakheji kancane kancane elahlekelwa amandla okuphendula i-insulin, futhi izimpawu zomtholampilo ziwe ngamanani aphezulu e-hyperglycemia.
Ukuthola ushukela egazini 6 nangaphezulu (ku-mmol / l), kusho ukwephulwa kwe-carbohydrate metabolism lapho kwenzeka ukuthi amalungiselelo wokuhlaziya enziwa ngokuya ngemithetho, izici ezingathinta ukwethenjwa zithathelwa ingqalelo, futhi inani elandayo likhonjwa kaninginingi.
Ngokuvamile, ukuphambuka okunjalo kubangela ukuthi udokotela asole ukuba khona kwesifo sikashukela ngendlela ecacile noma yamuva. Ukuze unqume amanye amaqhinga, kwenziwa olunye uhlolo lwelabhoratri olwengeziwe.
Ngabe yini imbangela yoshukela wegazi ophakeme?
Amazinga kashukela akhuphukile angabangelwa ukukhishwa kwama-hormone okucindezela egazini. Ukusabela okunjalo kuyavikela futhi kuthuthukiswa enqubweni yokuziphendukela kwemvelo yokuhlanganisa izinsiza zomzimba lapho ubhekene nengozi yempilo. Lokhu kwenyuka kokuhlushwa ushukela kuhamba isikhathi esifushane futhi kwenzeka kubantu abaphilile.
Izimo lapho kungahle kube khona ukwanda komzimba ku-glycemia: ukucindezela, ukweqisa ngokomzimba noma imidlalo eqatha, izinhlekelele zemvelo, ukwesaba, injabulo enkulu. Ngemuva kokunyamalala kwento edale ukukhula kweshukela, inkomba yokuqukethwe kwayo egazini ibuyela kwesejwayelekile ngokwayo.
Ukukhuphuka kwamacala anjalo kuhlotshaniswa nokwanda kokuqashelwa kwama-hormone kusuka kungqimba ye-cortical nobuchopho kwezindlala ze-adrenal, kanye nokwenza kusebenze kohlelo lwezinzwa olunozwela. Indlela yokwandisa i-glycemia kungenxa yokuqhekeka kwezitolo ze-glycogen esibindini kuya kuma-molecule eglucose.
Zonke ezinye izinto, ngaphandle kwesifo sikashukela, zibangela ukwanda kwe-glucose ngesikhathi sokugula noma sokulimala. Ngemuva kokuqeda imbangela yempande, ushukela ungabuya uvamile. I-mellitus yesifo sikashukela kuphela ebonakala ngokwanda okushukela okuqhubekayo, lapho kungenzeka ukuthi ikubuyisele kumanani ajwayelekile ngokwelashwa okukhethekile.
Izimbangela ze-hypelllycemia ezingezona ezinesifo sikashukela zifaka:
- Isimo sokushaqeka ngobuhlungu obukhulu, ukushaya kwenhliziyo, i-polytrauma, unhlangothi.
- Ukulimala kwesikhumba okwandisiwe ngenxa yokushiswa.
- Ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa.
- Isithuthwane
- Isifo sesibindi.
- Izifo ze-Endocrine (izindlala ze-adrenal, i-thyroid gland, i-pituitary gland).
Ngakho-ke, ngokwesilinganiso esifanele sezinga likashukela le-6.8 mmol / l, kuyadingeka ukukhipha izizathu ezingabakhona ezingahambelani noshukela. Uma izinto ezinjalo zingakwazanga ukuthinta ukuhlaziya, kusala ukuthola ukuthi kusho ukuthini: i-prediabetes noma isifo sikashukela.
Njengoba le nkomba idlula ejwayelekile (5.5 mmol / L), futhi itholakala eduze komngcele, ngemuva kwalokho kwenziwa ukuxilongwa kwesifo sikashukela i-mellitus (7.0 mmol / L), ucwaningo olunomthwalo weglucose luzodingeka.
Izinkomba namasu wokuhlola ukubekezelela ushukela?
Ucwaningo lokubekezelela i-glucose lubonisa indlela umzimba ophendula ngayo ekukhuleni kwe-glycemia. Ubuchwepheshe obusetshenziselwe ukwenza lokhu kuhlolwa kokucindezela kulingisa izimo ezenzeka ngemuva kokudla.
Ukuhlolwa kusetshenziselwa ukuthola i-prediabetes kanye nokuxilongwa kwayo kwe-mellitus yesifo sikashukela. Ukubekezelelwa kwe-carbohydrate engasebenzi kahle kuyindlela ejwayelekile yokukhuluphala, ngoba kukhona ukusabela okuncishisiwe kwe-insulin, okuyimbangela ye-hyperglycemia ngemuva kokudla.
Izinqubo ezinjalo ze-pathological zimpawu zohlobo 2 sikashukela mellitus, ngakho-ke, ukuxilongwa okusebenzayo kwenziwa kubantu abanobungozi obukhulu bokuvela kwawo. Izinkomba zokuhlola ukubekezelela ushukela
- Ngokweqile, ikakhulukazi ngokufakwa kwesisu kwamafutha esiswini.
- Iminyaka ngemuva kweminyaka engama-45.
- IHerity: kunezihlobo zokuqala ezinesifo sikashukela.
- Umfutho wegazi ophakeme: izinga lomfutho wegazi lidlula i-140/90 mm Hg. Ubuciko.
- Ukwelashwa isikhathi eside kwama-hormone, ama-diuretics, ama-antipsychotic, ama-antidepressants.
- Isifo sikashukela sokuzala, ukuzalwa okukhulu noma ukuzala, ukungasebenzi kahle kwemvelo.
- Amazinga aphansi we-lipid density ephezulu ne-triglycerides ephezulu.
- Ukutheleleka njalo, kufaka phakathi isikhunta, izifo.
Udokotela wamehlo ophethe i-retinal pathology angathumela nokuthi ayohlolwa, udokotela wamazinyo - onobuhle obujwayelekile, udokotela wezifo zesibeletho - ngokuzala, i-polycystic ovary, esikhathini sokuya esikhathini.
Ukulungiselela isifundo kufaka ukubukela ekudleni okujwayelekile, ukuzijwayeza ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo, ukugwema ukucindezela, izifo kanye nokuqwasha. Ngemuva kokuthi kudlule amahora ayi-10 kudliwe isidlo sokugcina (ekuseni ngesisu esingenalutho), isiguli sihlolwa okokuqala ngegazi ushukela.
Ngemuva kwalokho udinga ukuphuza amanzi nge-glucose encibilikile (75 g) bese uphinda isifundo ngemuva kwamahora ama-2. Ukuhlolwa kwemiphumela yokuhlolwa kufaka ukwephulwa okulandelayo (ku-mmol / l):
- Ukubekezelela i-glucose engasebenzi kahle: esiswini esingenalutho esingaphansi kuka-7, nangemva kokuhlolwa kwe-7.8-11.1.
- Ukuphazanyiswa kwe-glucose okusheshayo: esiswini esingenalutho - 6.1-7.0, ngemuva kwamahora ama-2 ukusuka ekudleni kwe-glucose - ngaphansi kuka-7.8.
Lezi zinketho zombili zinesimo se-prediabetes. Nge-prediabetes, amazinga kashukela egazi angaqina ngezikhathi ezithile abese evuka futhi.
Amanani weglucose angenhla asho ukuthi isiguli singaba nesifo sikashukela isikhathi eside.
Lokhu kungenzeka kuphela uma izinyathelo zokuvimbela zingathathwanga.
Ukuvimbela Ushukela
Esigabeni sikashukela se-latent, ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo kungabambezeleka noma ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo sikashukela seqiniso kungakhishwa ngokuphelele. Okubaluleke kakhulu ukukhawulelwa kokudla kwama-carbohydrate alula, njengoba ngokushesha andisa i-glycemia. Ukuphendula kulokhu, kukhipha i-insulin.
Ukuphazamiseka kwemetabolic kunqunywa yi-hyperglycemia ne-hyperinsulinemia. Izinga elikhulayo le-insulin egazini lehlisa ukusabela kwama-receptors ezicutshini kulo, okwandisa i-hyperglycemia - umjikelezo omubi uyenzeka.
Ukuvimbela isifo sikashukela, kunconywa ukuthi ushintshe isitayela sokudla okunempilo kanye nokuzivocavoca umzimba, ukuyeka imikhuba emibi futhi uqiniseke ukuthi uvivinywa ukukhuthazelela ushukela okungenani kanye ngonyaka.
Ukudla okunempilo kubandakanya ukufakwa ngaphandle kwemikhiqizo engeke idale ukukhuphuka okukhulu kwe-glucose egazini, kanye nokukhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwe-insulin. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukutadisha izakhiwo zemikhiqizo. Izinkomba ezimbili zisetshenzisiwe: Inkomba ye-glycemic kanye ne-insulin, ziboniswa kumatafula akhethekile.
Amaqembu omkhiqizo alandelayo kufanele akhishwe ngokusobala:
- Amaswidi, namakhekhe, izithelo ezimnandi namajusi awo.
- Inyama enamafutha nemikhiqizo yobisi yokuqukethwe okunamafutha amaningi.
- Ukudla okulula, ukudla okusheshayo, iziphuzo ezinoshukela, u-ayisikhilimu.
- Amakhekhe, ilayisi, i-semolina ne-pasta.
Kunconywa ukuthi ukugcizelela okuyinhloko ezondlweni kwenziwe emifino emisha nakumahlamvu wamahlamvu, kulungiswa amasaladi ngamafutha zemifino. Izinhlanzi ezinamafutha amancane, inkukhu nenyama ziyimithombo engcono kakhulu yamaprotheni. Kuvunyelwe, kepha kucatshangelwa okuqukethwe yi-calorie ephelele ekudleni, ukusetshenziswa kwamantongomane nembewu, izithelo eziphansi ze-carb kanye nama-dessert kuma-sweeteners.
Ukuzivocavoca umzimba hhayi nje kuphela okunomphumela wokuphulukisa okujwayelekile, kepha ukusetshenziswa kwawo ngqo ekuphazamisweni kwe-carbohydrate metabolism kungenxa yokuthi izicubu ngesikhathi somsebenzi osebenzayo zithatha kakhulu ushukela egazini, kwehlise i-hyperglycemia, futhi futhi kukhulisa ukuzwela kwama-insulin receptors.
Okubaluleke ngokulinganayo yikhono lokukhulisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngesikhathi semfundo yomzimba. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi wehlise okuqukethwe okunamafutha emzimbeni, kuvumele ukwakheka kwegazi, kunciphise okuqukethwe yi-cholesterol ephelele. Izinguquko ezinjalo zisiza ukuvimbela ukukhula kwezifo zesistimu yezinhliziyo ezihambisana ne-atherossteosis.
Isigqi kanye nohlobo lokuzivocavoca uma kungekho izifo ezilinganayo zingakhethwa ngokuya ngezintshisakalo zakho. Izinhlobo ezinjalo ziyanconywa ezizokuvumela ukuthi uzijwayeze okungenani imizuzu eyi-150 ngeviki. Lokhu kungaba ukubhukuda, i-gymnastics yezokwelapha, i-yoga, i-Pilates, ukudansa, ukudlala imidlalo, ukugijima, ukuhamba kwe-Nordic nokuhamba okujwayelekile.
Uma ngabe izinyathelo ezithathiwe zokwandisa ukusebenza kwezimoto kanye nezinguquko zokudla okunempilo bezinganele, noma isiguli singafuni ukwenza ushintsho kwindlela yaso yokuphila ejwayelekile, khona-ke izindlela zokuvimbela izidakamizwa ezisetshenziselwa ukwelapha isifo sikashukela zingabekwa, kodwa zikhombise ukusebenza kahle kokukuvikela.
Okufaneleke kakhulu kulezi zigaba zeziguli kungaba izidakamizwa lapho izinto ezisebenzayo zikulokhu:
- I-Metformin - iGlucophage, iSiofor,
- Acarbose - Glucobai.
- Rosiglitazone - Avandia.
Zithinta ukufakwa kwe-glucose emathunjini futhi zivimbele ukukhuphuka kwezinga lazo ngemuva kokudla (i-Glucobai), ukukhulisa ukumunca ushukela egazini kanye nokukhishwa kwamafutha acid kwamahhala (Avandia).
Izidakamizwa ezenziwa nge-Metformin zinesibalo esikhulu sezenzo: zinciphisa ukwakheka kwama-molecule eglucose esibindini futhi ziyeke ukuqhekeka kwe-glycogen, zivuse ama-insulin receptors, zikhulisa ukuzwakala kwamangqamuzana ukungena kwe-insulin, kusheshise ukuthathwa kweglucose ngemisipha nokusetshenziswa kwayo kwezicubu zamathumbu.
Esigabeni sikashukela se-latent, ama-phytopreparations ahlukahlukene azibonakalise kahle, ngoba wona, ngokulingana kwemiphumela emibi, ahlanze umzimba ngomzimba, andise amakhono akhe wokuqhathanisa, aqukethe ama-hormone esitshalo afanayo ne-inulin esebenza futhi, futhi anomphumela we-antioxidant, asiza ukubuyisela ama-pancreas.
Kunconyelwa ukuthi umuthi wesintu othambekele ekwandiseni ama-decoctions kashukela wegazi kanye ne-infusions yokhuni, i-chicory ne-elecampane, iqabunga le-bay, utshani obomvu nobungembuzi, izithelo ze-chokeberry nomlotha wentaba obomvu, amabhlogo namabhontjisi. Ividiyo ekulesi sihloko izokusiza uqonde ukuthi kufanele wenzeni lapho kukhuphuka izinga lakho loshukela.
