Isifo sikashukela - kwenzeka ngenxa yokusebenza kahle kwesistimu ye-endocrine. Ukwehluleka kwenzeka ngenxa yokuntuleka kwe-insulin, i-hormone ekhishwa ngamanyikwe.
Lesi sifo sivame kakhulu futhi siyingozi, ngoba izimpawu zayo aziveli ngokushesha. Ngakho-ke, lesi sifo sivame ukutholakala esilinganisweni sokuthuthuka, lapho izinkinga sezivele ziqale ukukhula.
Kepha wazi kanjani ukuthi kunoshukela ekhaya? Uma kungenzeki ukuthi uvakashele udokotela bese uyokwenza izivivinyo, kufanele utadishe ngezimpawu ezikhona zesifo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, yize kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezifo, ziyafana kakhulu.
Yini isifo sikashukela futhi kungani sikhula?
Ukubona isifo sikashukela ekhaya, okokuqala kufanele uthole imininingwane ejwayelekile ngalesi sifo. Kunezinhlobo ezi-2 zokugula ezabelwa uphawu olujwayelekile - ukugcwala okwenyuka kweglucose egazini.
Esimweni sokuqala, i-pathology ikhula ngokuntuleka kwe-insulin emacaleni we-10-15%. Ngale hlobo lwesifo, ukwelashwa kwe-insulin kwenziwa njalo.
Ngohlobo lwesibili sikashukela, i-hormone ikhiqizwa ngenani elidingakalayo, kodwa amangqamuzana awanaki kuwo. Kulokhu, ukwelashwa kwe-insulin kunqunywa kuphela uma ngabe kufinyelelekile kulesifo.
Kusekhona "isifo sikashukela esisekupheleni", kepha kunalokho kunzima ukusithola. Isifo sikashukela esingahle sibuye siqokonyiswe, lapho ubungozi bokuqhamuka ne-hyperglycemia engapheli bukhula kakhulu.
Lapho kunezici zobungozi, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni, izimpawu ezinokwenzeka kufanele zibhekwe, futhi kungcono uhlolwe ngokuphelele udokotela. Amathuba okuthola lesi sifo anda ezimweni ezinjalo:
- isisindo ngokweqile;
- i-hyperglycemia ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa;
- isakhi sofuzo;
- ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside kwezidakamizwa ezithile;
- umfutho wegazi ophakeme
- ukusetshenziswa kabi kwezidakamizwa notshwala;
- i-pathology yama-pancreas kanye nokuhlukunyezwa ohlelweni lwe-endocrine;
- ukucindezelwa nokuxineka ngokomzwelo;
- ukungondleki;
- indlela yokuphila engasebenzi.
Kepha wazi kanjani ukuthi unesifo sikashukela ngezimpawu zesifo? Eqinisweni, ekhaya, kungenzeka ukunquma ukuba khona kwesifo sanoma yiluphi uhlobo, kodwa kuphela uma kuhambisana nesithombe somtholampilo esimenyezelwe.
Ukwanda kokubonakaliswa nakho kuthinteka ngezinga lokukhiqizwa kwe-insulin, ukumelana kwamangqamuzana kuma-hormone, ukuba khona kwe-pathologies engapheli, kanye nobudala besiguli.
Ungasibona kanjani isifo sikashukela ngezimpawu?
Kumuntu ophilile, ngemuva kokudla, ushukela wegazi ukhuphuka ngokuqinile, kepha ngemuva kwamahora amabili, izinga le-glycemia lifanana. Futhi kuma-diabetes, i-glucose okuhlushwa iyancipha noma ikhuphuka kancane, lapho kutholakala khona izimpawu eziningi zezimpawu. Lokhu kufaka ukoma (i-polydipsia), lapho umuntu engaphuza kuze kufike kumalitha ayi-9 amanzi ngosuku, kanye nokwanda kokuchama okungami ngisho nasebusuku.
Imvamisa isiguli sizwa imizwa yokuzwa indlala njalo, isikhumba sayo somile futhi sintekenteke. Ubuthakathaka bemisipha kanye nokuqhekeka, ukukhathala okungenasizathu, ukungakhathaleli nokunganakwa nakho kuyavela.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngesifo sikashukela i-mellitus, umbono ungafiphala futhi kuvame ukuvela okugayimbayo, kuboniswe isicanucanu nokuhlanza. Ngisho nomuntu onesifo sikashukela unezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane, i-paresthesia, ukuqina kwemilenze nokuqunjelwa kwesikhumba esithweni sangasese, esiswini, emilenzeni.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungasibona lesi sifo ngokubonakaliswa okufana:
- ukukhula kwezinwele zobuso;
- ukutheleleka kwesikhumba;
- ukukhukhumala kovalo olwedlulele, okuvela ngemuva kokuchama okuvamisile;
- ukuvela kwama-xanthomas emzimbeni;
- ukuqothuka kwezinwele emaphethelweni.
Ezinganeni, lesi sifo singabonakala njengokuntuleka kwenzuzo enkulu, izifo ezithathelwanayo nokuqhuma kwe-diaper. Lapho umchamo ungena e-diaper, ubuso bawo buba yindlala.
Isifo sikashukela enganeni eneminyaka engama-3-5 ubudala singahambisana nezimpawu ezinjengokuntuleka kwesifiso sokudla, ukukhathala okukhulu, ukuthamba kwezinyawo, izikhala zenkinga ne-dysbiosis. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isibonakaliso esibonakalayo se-hyperglycemia engapheli ezinganeni iphunga le-acetone ephuma emlonyeni.
Ukuthola isifo sikashukela eshumini nambili kulula kakhulu ukwedlula ezinsaneni. Kulesi sikhathi, lesi sifo sibonisa ukwanda kokudla, ukuchama kaningi, ukuncipha kwesisindo, ukuqina kanye nokoma.
Kuhle ukwazi ukuthi uhlobo ngalunye lwesifo sikashukela lunezimpawu zalo nezimpawu ezihlukile. Ngakho-ke, ngohlobo lokuqala lwesifo, izibonakaliso eziningi zalesi sifo ziyavela, kepha ziyahlukahluka ngamandla esibonakaliso. Isici esibonakalayo sefomu elimele i-insulin ukugxuma okubukhali kushukela wegazi, okuvame ukubangela ukukhubazeka, okungaholela ekhefeni.
Futhi, ngesifo sohlobo 1 ezinyangeni ezi-3-4, umuntu angalahlekelwa kuze kufike ku-15 kg. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inqubo yokulahlekelwa isisindo ihambisana nokudla okwengeziwe, ubuthakathaka kanye nokukhubazeka. Ukuntuleka kokwelashwa kuzoholela ku-anorexia, bese kuthi kamuva iketoacidosis ikhule, inesimo sokuphefumula esinezimpawu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, umuntu wehlisa ngokushesha isisindo, naphezu kokudla okuhle. Lolu hlobo lwalesi sifo lutholwa luze lufike eminyakeni engama-30, futhi lungahamba nomuntu kusukela azalwa.
Futhi lapho sebekhulile, abantu bavame ukuba nohlobo lwesibili sikashukela. Njengomthetho, kimi kwabonakaliswa ngomlomo owomile, ukoma, nokuchama okwandayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ifomu lesifo elizimele le-insulin lihambisana nokulunywa kwezitho zangasese. Imvamisa, isifo esinjalo senzeka ngokumelene nesizinda sehypertension, ukukhuluphala kanye esimweni sokumelana kwamaseli ku-insulin.
Kodwa-ke, ekuqaleni, lesi sifo asiveli njalo, ngakho-ke umuntu uvakashela udokotela kuphela uma kukhona inkinga ethile ebangela izimpawu ezingemnandi. Imiphumela ivela ngokuqhathanisa nesizinda sokuqothuka kwemithambo kanye nomthamo omubi wokuvuselela izicubu.
Imvamisa lokhu kuthinta izitho ezibonakalayo kanye nokusebenza kwemilenze. Ngakho-ke, iziguli eziningi ziqala ukuya kudokotela ohlinzayo, e-opthometrist, bese kuba kuphela udokotela ohlinzayo.
Ungasithola kanjani isifo sikashukela usebenzisa izivivinyo?
Uma ubona noma iziphi izimpawu ezikhombisa ukuthi unesifo sikashukela, kufanele uye esibhedlela uye kuzo zonke izivivinyo ezidingekayo. Impela, ukutholakala kwesifo kusenesikhathi kuzogwema ukuthuthukiswa kwezinkinga ezinkulu ngokuzayo.
Indlela elula futhi enembile kunazo zonke yokulinganisa ushukela wakho wekhaya ukusebenzisa imitha. Ikhithi iqukethe imichilo yokuhlola kanye nedivayisi ekhethekile yokubhoboza umunwe.
Ngaphambi kokwenza uhlaziyo lwasekhaya, kubalulekile ukugeza izandla zakho kahle futhi usule ingaphezulu lesikhumba ngotshwala. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuthola imiphumela ethembeke kakhulu, ngoba ukungcola emilengeni kungathinta ukusebenza.
Amazinga okushukela asheshayo angasukela ku-70 kuye ku-130 mg / dl. Kepha ngemuva kokudla, izinkomba zikhuphukela ku-180 mg / dl.
Enye indlela eyenziwe ekhaya yokuxilonga isifo sikashukela ngokusebenzisa imichilo yokuhlola esetshenziselwa ukuhlola umchamo. Kodwa-ke, zibonisa kuphela ukuba khona kwalesi sifo uma ukugcwala ushukela kuphezulu kakhulu. Uma izinga lingaphansi kwe-180 mg / dl, khona-ke imiphumela yokuhlola inganikeza izimpendulo ezingamanga, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukwenza isivivinyo esengeziwe sokuhlolwa kwelebhu.
Usebenzisa i-AC1 tata, kungenzeka futhi ukubona iziyaluyalu emzimbeni we-carbohydrate metabolism kanye nomsebenzi we-pancreatic ekhaya. Lawa masethi akuvumela ukuthi unqume izinga le-hemoglobin A1C, akhombisa ukugcwala okujwayelekile koshukela izinyanga ezintathu. Okuqukethwe kwe-hemoglobin ejwayelekile kufinyelela ku-6%.
Ngakho-ke, kulabo abanezimpawu ezibonakalayo zesifo sikashukela i-mellitus, okuthi, ngemuva kokuhlola ukuhlolwa kwasekhaya, nabo bazithole be-hyperglycemic (ngenhla kwe-130 mg / dl), kufanele uthintane nodokotela ngokushesha.
Kwesinye isigameko, kungaba nenkinga ye-insulin, evame ukuphela ngokufa.
Ungazivikela kanjani kushukela?
Ukuvimbela ukuqala kwalesi sifo, kubalulekile ukuthi ushintshe ngokuphelele indlela yokuphila. Ukuze ufeze lokhu, kufanele usiqaphe njalo isimo sakho bese udla okulungile. Ngakho-ke, udinga ukuthatha ukudla okungenani izikhathi ezi-5 ngosuku ngezingxenye ezincane. Ngasikhathi sinye, kuyadingeka ukushiya amafutha, i-carbohydrate esheshayo, ukudla okumnandi neziphuzo ezinekhabhoni.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa kabi kukagwayi notshwala kuyenqatshelwe. Ngezikhathi ezithile, udinga ukubheka ushukela wegazi, ugweme ukucindezela futhi ungakhohlwa ngokuzivocavoca okulinganiselayo.
Kepha uma unesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, ke ngaphezu kokulandela yonke imithetho engenhla, ukwelashwa kwe-insulin kuyadingeka. Kulokhu, umthamo nohlobo lwe-insulin kufanele kukhethwe ngudokotela ohambelayo. Kepha ngesisindo somzimba esijwayelekile kanye nesimo esimnandi ngokomzwelo, umthamo omaphakathi we-insulin ngamayunithi ayi-0.5-1 nge-1 kg yesisindo.
Ukuze unxephezele isifo sikashukela, kufanele uhlale uvivinya umzimba. Inzuzo yokusebenza komzimba ukuthi ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca kwezicubu zemisipha, kuvela i-glucose oxidation enkulu. Ngakho-ke, lapho ushukela ushiswa emisipha, ukuqina kwawo egazini kuyancipha.
Ngohlobo lwesibili sikashukela, ukwelashwa kwe-insulin kwenziwa kuphela ezimweni eziphambili. Kepha ngalolu hlobo lwesifo, ukwelashwa kuyengezwa ekusebenzeni ngokomzimba nasekwelashweni kokudla, okubandakanya ukuthatha izidakamizwa ezinciphisa ushukela. Ukuvimbela izinkinga ezingabakhona ngeke kube okuphezulu, kepha kulokhu, ukwelashwa kukhethwa ngakunye. Ividiyo ekulesi sihloko izokukhombisa ukuthi unganquma kanjani ushukela wakho.
