Amandla okugcina izinga elizinzile loshukela egazini liyisimo esibalulekile, ngoba sisetshenziselwa umzimba njengento eyinhloko, futhi kwesinye isikhathi okuwukuphela kwayo, umthombo wamandla. Umsebenzi wobuchopho lapho ukucindezelwa kweglucose egazini kuphansi kune-3 mmol / l kanti ngaphezulu kwama-30 mmol / l kuphazamiseka, umuntu aphelelwe ingqondo.
Ukulawulwa kweshukela wegazi kuncike ekulinganiseni phakathi kokudla ushukela kusuka ekudleni nomsebenzi wohlelo lwe-endocrine ekusebenziseni kwayo nasekwakheni kwayo. Ama-insulin anciphisa amazinga kashukela, nama-glucagon, ama-catecholamines, ama-corticosteroids, ama-hormone okuya ocansini nama-hormone egilo akhuphuka.
Izinguquko ekulinganiseni kohlelo lwe-hormonal noma ukungondleki kuholela ezifweni ze-metabolic, lapho kukhula khona izicubu ze-vascular, neurological, renal, hepatic and digestive pathologies.
Ngabe umzimba uligcina kanjani lilingana noshukela ozinzile?
Ukuphathwa kwe-glycemia (glucose wegazi) kuya ngezinqubo zomzimba eziningana. Ukwanda kwenzeka ngemuva kokudla, ngoba ama-carbohydrate aphansi, afaka ama-monosaccharides, amunca egazini esiswini namathumbu. Ngakho-ke, ushukela kanye ne-fructose angakhuphula ngokushesha amazinga kashukela ngemuva kokudla.
Kuma-carbohydrate ayinkimbinkimbi, isenzo se-enzyme amylase, esibahlikihla kumangqamuzana eglucose, siyadingeka. Ama-Disaccharides - i-lactose (kusuka emikhiqizweni yobisi) ne-sucrose (yonke imikhiqizo enoshukela) yephulwe ngokushesha, futhi ama-polysaccharides (isitashi, i-cellulose, i-pectin) ancipha kancane.
Izinga le-glycemia nalo lilawulwa ngokwakhiwa kwamamolekyuli eglucose kusuka kuma-amino acid kanye ne-glycerol, kanye ne-lactic acid. Izinqubo ezinjalo zenzeka esibindini futhi ngokwengxenye engxenyeni ye-cortical yezinso. Ushukela omningi uguqulwa ube ngamafutha noma i-glycogen yokugcina amandla.
Nge-glucose enganele, umzimba uqala ukusebenzisa izitolo ze-glycogen namafutha aqhamuka edepho esibindini, izicubu nezicubu ze-adipose.
Ukwehla kwezinga le-glucose kwenzeka ngokushisa okwandayo, ukuzikhandla ngokomzimba, ukucindezela. Kungabuye kuhlotshaniswe nemithamo emikhulu ye-insulin noma eminye izidakamizwa esehlisa ushukela, ukudla okuqinile kakhulu, indlala.
Izinga lokukhuphuka kweglucose egazini libizwa ngokuthi yi-hyperglycemia futhi kwenzeka kaningi ngokuntuleka kwe-insulin, futhi nokuthi ukuxhumana phakathi kwalo nama-receptors izicubu zemisipha, isibindi noma amafutha kuphukile. Lapho sekutholwe ukudla okuqukethe ama-carbohydrate, i-insulin ikhishwa ngokujwayelekile ukukuthambisa - ukuhambisa ama-molecule eglucose kumaseli ukuze asebenze.
Ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela, lokhu akwenzeki, futhi ushukela usasakazeka egazini, okwenza kube nezimpawu ezijwayelekile kwisifo sikashukela: ukoma okuthe xaxa, ukuchama ngokweqile, ukukhuphuka kokudla, isikhumba esidonsayo kanye nobuthakathaka. Kusungulwe ukuthi ngaphezu kwesifo sikashukela i-mellitus, ukwanda kwezinga likashukela wegazi kungaba kulezo zimo:
- Umsebenzi owengeziwe we-thyroid - i-thyrotooticosis.
- Izifo ze-adrenal gland kanye ne-pituitary gland.
- Ukutheleleka ngegciwane.
- Izifo zamanyikwe.
- Izifo ze-Autoimmune.
- I-Pathology yesibindi nezinso.
Ngaphezu kwezifo, i-hyperglycemia ibangelwa ukubhema, ukuphuza iziphuzo ezinekhofi, iziphuzo zamandla, ama-diuretics, ama-hormone (i-estrogen, i-prenisone, i-thyroxine).
Ungalinganisa inani loshukela egazini nge-glucometer ekhaya noma elabhorethri. Ngokuvamile kunconywa ukuthi unikele ngegazi ngemuva kwekhefu lehora lesishiyagalombili ekudleni. Ucwaningo lokubekezelela ushukela nalo luyenziwa ukuthola isifo sikashukela esisebusweni.
Ungawandisa kanjani amazinga kashukela?
Zonke iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela kufanele zazi ukuthi zingalawula kanjani ushukela egazini lapho zincishisiwe, ngoba isimo esinjalo singaba yingozi empilweni, ikakhulukazi uma ngaleso sikhathi eshayela imoto noma eqhuba imishini ethile emsebenzini.
I-Hypoglycemia ithinta iziguli hhayi nje kuphela ngesifo sikashukela, kodwa futhi nezifo zesifo se-pituitary gland, ukukhiqizwa okunganele kwama-hormone yizindlala ze-adrenal, i-hypothyroidism, i-pathologies ye-hypothalamus, ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-enzyme.
Ngokubulawa yindlala isikhathi eside, izitolo ze-glycogen ziyaphela, okungaholela kushukela omncane wegazi. Lokhu kungenzeka ngokudla okuqinile, ukuzila okungapheli kwenkolo, nokusikeka okuphezulu kubagadli abangochwepheshe, ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
Ushukela omncane wegazi ungaba nokudla okunenkomba ye-glycemic ephezulu. Izimo ezinjalo zimpawu zabantu lapho i-insulin ikhiqizwa khona ngobuningi obukhulu. Ngemuva kokudla ngemuva kwehora, kutholakala ubuthakathaka obukhulukazi kushukela, isifiso sokudla amaswidi, ukuphuza ikhofi noma ezinye iziphuzo ze-tonic.
Ngo-mellitus wesifo sikashukela ngenkathi ephuza amaphilisi ukwehlisa ushukela wegazi, futhi ikakhulukazi ngokwelashwa kwe-insulin, i-hypoglycemia ingavusa:
- Umsebenzi omzimba wesikhashana.
- Ukusebenza kanzima ngokomzimba.
- Ukuphuza utshwala noma izidakamizwa.
- Ukudla okwengeziwe kwezidakamizwa eziqukethe i-lipoic acid, i-pentoxifylline, i-tetracycline, i-acetylsalicylic acid, i-cytostatics ne-beta-blockers.
Ukuze wandise amazinga kashukela, amaphilisi kashukela, ushukela ojwayelekile, ujusi omnandi, uju noma ujamu kufanelekile. Ngemuva kokuthi ukuhlasela kudlulile, udinga ukukala izinga likashukela ngemuva kweminye imizuzu eyi-15 ukuya kwe-20 ukugwema ukuphindeka kwayo. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, i-glucagon ihanjiswa nge-intramuscularly.
Ukunciphisa ushukela wegazi ngokudla okunempilo
Uma i-hypoglycemia ingasuswa masinyane ngokuthatha ama-carbohydrate alula, khona-ke ngoshukela wegazi owandayo, kufanele ushintshe indlela yakho yokuphila yonke ukuze ulondoloze izinga elijwayelekile le-glucose. Okokuqala, izinguquko kumele zibe ekudleni. Ukudla okwakhiwe kahle kwenza ukuthi kuvikeleke ushintsho olungazelelwe kushukela, okunciphisa ingozi yezinkinga zesifo sikashukela.
Uma isiguli sikashukela sinamathela ekudleni, khona-ke singanciphisa kancane kancane umthamo wezidakamizwa ukuze sinciphise ushukela, senze isisindo sijwayelekile, siqinisekise impilo enhle futhi silondoloze umsebenzi namandla okusebenza iminyaka eminingi.
Ngaphezu kweziphakamiso ezijwayelekile zokudla okunempilo, udinga ukuthuthukisa uhlelo lwakho, ngoba ukuthambekela komuntu ngamunye emaqenjini ngamanye emikhiqizo kungenzeka, ngakho-ke inketho engcono kakhulu ukugcina idayari yokudla futhi ukhethe imikhiqizo efanelekile, ugxile ekufundeni kwemitha.
Imithetho yokuhlanganisa isidlo sikashukela yilena:
- Inani eliphelele lama-carbohydrate kufanele lisatshalaliswe ngokulinganayo usuku lonke kumakhambi ama-3-4, kuyilapho elinye imithamo ye-1-2 kufanele ingabi-carbohydrate.
- Yonke imikhiqizo equkethe ushukela omsulwa noma oguqulwa kalula ushukela kufanele ikhishwe ngokuphelele.
- Kuyadingeka ukufaka emikhiqizweni yemenyu enama-fiber wesitshalo, imikhiqizo yamaphrotheni enamafutha aphansi kanye namafutha emifino.
- Ama-fluid kufanele abe cishe amalitha ayi-1.5 ngosuku, angafaki izifundo zokuqala neziphuzo.
- Usawoti ukhawulelwe ku-6 g.
- Akunconyiwe ubhekeni wasenyama, inhlanzi, amakhowe, nakho konke ukudla okuthosiwe kanye nenyama enamafutha, imikhiqizo yobisi.
Ukuze ungabangeli ukwanda koshukela, kufanele wenqabe noma isiphi ushukela: isithombo sebhitrudi, umhlanga, onsundu, amaswidi, ama-marshmallows, ama-waffles, amakhukhi, amakhekhe namakhekhe. Okunye kuvinjelwe yimikhiqizo kafulawa kusuka kufulawa emhlophe. Amaswidi abanesifo sikashukela angavunyelwa ngamanani amancane kwabaswidi.
Izinhlamvu zamarayisi, i-semolina, amazambane kanye ne-pasta azihlanganisiwe, futhi okusele kungadliwa kungabikho kanye ngosuku. Izithelo namajusi avela kuzo nawo alinganiselwe, kuyilapho amagilebhisi nobhanana, amadethi namakhiwane kungasetshenziswa ekudleni, njengawo wonke amajusi wezithelo zokukhiqiza zezimboni, kanti izinhlobo ezingezona i-acid zingabi ngaphezu kwe-100 g ngosuku.
Udinga ukuzama ukudla imifino emisha noma ebilisiwe, ngaphandle kokukhetha amazambane abunjiwe. Izinzuzo zabanesifo sikashukela ukungagugi: i-zucchini, iklabishi, ukhukhamba, i-green bell pepper, utamatisi, uphizi omncane nobhontshisi oluhlaza, amakhowe ne-isitshalo seqanda. Imikhiqizo enjengezaqathi, i-beet kanye namathanga ingasetjenziswa, kodwana ingabi ngaphezu kokukodwa ngosuku.
Izinhlobo ezingenzi-nhlanzi nezinhlanzi zasolwandle ezinga-fat zilungile njengomthombo wamaprotheni, inyama ingafakwa kancane kwimenyu, futhi zonke izinhlobo zokudla okusemathinini, inyama ebhemayo, ukudla okuqhutshwe kanye nezibiliboco zenyama kudinga ukuncishiswa kakhulu.
Izindlela zokuqapha ezifanayo kufanele zibhekwe lapho kusetshenziswa amasoseji aselethwe ngomumo, ama-marinade nakho konke ukuthosa ezitsheni - ngoba ushukela ungangena kuwo. Ukudla okufana nokupheka isobho osheshayo, okusanhlamvu, ama-chip neziphuzo zokudla, kanye nokudla okusheshayo, akufakiwe kunoma yikuphi ekudleni okunempilo.
Imikhiqizo yobisi ivunyelwe amafutha aphakathi, ukhilimu no-ukhilimu omuncu akufanele ibe ngaphezu kwama-15%, kanti ne-cottage shizi ama-9% amafutha. Ungaphuza iziphuzo zobisi olunomuncu, mhlawumbe okwenziwe ekhaya ngaphandle kokufakwa ushukela noma izithelo. Kuvunyelwe ukufaka phakathi kokudla okunamafutha aphansi koshizi obunzima noma othambile, ngaphandle koshizi osetshenzisiwe.
Okuzuzisa kakhulu abanesifo sikashukela yimikhiqizo enjalo:
- Ama-Blueberries
- I-Jerusalema artichoke.
- I-chicory.
- Cinnamon noGinger.
- I-Oat, i-buckwheat bran, i-fiber.
- Imbewu yefilakisi
- Ubhontshisi
- Ama-Walnuts.
Ukulawulwa kweshukela
Ukuze kugcinwe ushukela ngaphakathi kwemingcele ebekwe ngawodwana esigulini ngasinye (kuya ngenkambo yesifo sikashukela), ukubhekisisa ngaso sonke isikhathi usuku kuyadingeka. Lapho uthatha izidakamizwa ezibhebheni, futhi ikakhulukazi nge-insulin therapy, ukukala ekuseni, amahora amabili ngemuva kwasemini, ngaphambi kokulala, futhi kaningi nge-glycemia engazinzile, kunconywa.
Ukubuyelwa kwesifo sikashukela i-mellitus kusiza ukuguqula izinqubo ze-metabolic futhi kunciphise nengozi yezinkinga zesifo sikashukela, i-vascular pathologies - ukushaya kwenhliziyo, imivimbo, izingxabano ze-hypertensive, ukulimala kwezinso nezinhlelo zezinzwa.
Ukuze uyifinyelele, udinga ukulandela izincomo zokudla okunempilo nokwelashwa, futhi futhi wenze izivivinyo zomzimba okungenani imizuzu engama-30 ngokuya ngezinga lokulungiselela nobungako besimo. Kwabanesifo sikashukela, ukuhamba kokuphoqelelwa, izivivinyo zokuphefumula zesifo sikashukela, ukubhukuda, i-yoga kunconyiwe.
Kuyadingeka futhi ukunaka ukunqandeka kwengcindezi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungasebenzisa:
- Ukuqeqeshwa kwe-Autogenic.
- Ukuzindla.
- Ukuzivocavoca, reflexology.
- I-Aromatherapy.
- Ukwemukelwa kwamakhambi okuthoba: i-chamomile, i-lemon balm, iminti, i-mamawort, i-valerian.
- Jwayela ukulala, okungafanele kube ngaphansi kwamahora ayi-8.
Kubantu abaningi, izinto zokuzilibazisa nokuzilibazisa zisiza ukuguqula ukugxila kokunakwa kusuka kokuhlangenwe nakho okungekuhle namandla esiteshi endaweni efanele.
