Kubantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, amazinga ashukela ajwayelekile emzimbeni abaluleke kakhulu. Ukweqiwa koshukela okungasho lutho okubalulekile kungaholela ekuwohlokeni, enhlalakahleni, kanye nasekuthuthukisweni kwezinkinga eziningi.
Isimo esoshukela sohlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 kufanele silwele izinkomba "ezinempilo", okungukuthi, lezo zinombolo eziqukethwe kumuntu ophilile ngokuphelele. Njengoba okujwayelekile kusuka kumayunithi angama-3.3 kuya kwangama-5.5, khona-ke wonke umuntu onesifo sikashukela kufanele alwele le mikhakha, ngokulandelana.
Ukugcwala okukhulu kwe-glucose kungaba umphumela wezinkinga ezahlukahlukene emzimbeni, kufaka phakathi ezingeguquki. Ngalesi sizathu, abanesifo sikashukela kufanele babheke ngokucophelela ukwelashwa kwabo, bahambisane nayo yonke imiyalo kadokotela, banamathele ekudleni nakwindlela ethile yokudla.
Ngakho-ke, udinga ukubheka ukuthi yiziphi izinkomba zoshukela okufanele zibe sesiswini esingenalutho, okungukuthi, esiswini esingenalutho, futhi ngemuva kokudla? Uyini umehluko phakathi kohlobo lokuqala lwesifo sikashukela nohlobo lwesibili lwesifo? Futhi kanjani ukuguqula ushukela wegazi?
Thayipha isifo sikashukela 2: ushukela wegazi ngaphambi kokudla
Lapho isiguli sihlakulela isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, okuqukethwe kwakhe ushukela kuyanda. Ngokuphikisana nesizinda okwenzeka ngaso ukonakala, ukusebenza kwezitho zangaphakathi nezinhlelo kuyaphazamiseka, okuholela ezinkingeni ezahlukahlukene.
Uma isiguli sinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, khona-ke kufanele silwele izinkomba zoshukela ezitholakala kubantu abaphilile ngokuphelele. Ngeshwa, ekusebenzeni, ukufinyelela lezi zinombolo kunzima impela, ngakho-ke, ushukela ovumelekile wesifo sikashukela ungahle ube ngaphezulu.
Kodwa-ke, lokhu akusho ukuthi ukusabalala phakathi kwama-indices kashukela kungaba amayunithi ambalwa, empeleni, kuvunyelwe ukwedlula umkhawulo ophezulu wokujwayelekile womuntu onempilo ngamayunithi angama-0.3-0.6, kodwa kungabe kusaba khona.
Yini okufanele ibe ushukela wegazi wesifo sikashukela esigulini esithile kunqunywa ngawodwa, futhi isinqumo senziwa udokotela kuphela. Ngamanye amagama, khona-ke isiguli ngasinye sizoba nesilinganiso saso ngqo.
Lapho kunqunywa izinga lokuhlosiwe, udokotela unaka amaphuzu alandelayo:
- Isinxephezelo sePathology.
- Ubunzima besifo.
- Ukuhlangenwe nakho kwalesi sifo.
- Iqembu lesiguli.
- Izifo ezifayo.
Kuyaziwa ukuthi amanani ajwayelekile kumuntu osekhulile aphakama kancane uma kuqhathaniswa nentsha. Ngakho-ke, uma isiguli sineminyaka engama-60 noma ngaphezulu, khona-ke lelo zinga lakhe eliqondisiwe lizothambekela eqenjini lakhe leminyaka, futhi akukho okunye.
Ushukela onesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 (esiswini esingenalutho), njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, kufanele kuthambekele ezinkombeni ezijwayelekile zomuntu onempilo, futhi kuyehlukahluka kusuka kumayunithi angama-3,3 kuya kwangama-5.5. Kodwa-ke, kwenzeka kaningi ukuthi kunzima ukunciphisa ushukela noma umkhawulo ophezulu wesimo esejwayelekile, ngakho-ke, kwisifo sikashukela, ushukela emzimbeni wamukelekile phakathi kwamayunithi ayi-6.1-6.2.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi nge-pathology yohlobo lwesibili, izinkomba zokuqukethwe ushukela ngaphambi kokudla zingathintwa izifo ezithile zepheshana lesisu, ngenxa yalokho kwenzeka kwe-glucose ukumuncwa kweglue.
Ushukela ngemuva kokudla
Uma isiguli sinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 noma uhlobo 2, ushukela wakhe wokuzila kufanele ulwele izindinganiso ezamukelekayo kumuntu ophilile. Okuhlukile yilezo zimo lapho udokotela enquma uqobo izinga lelitshe esithombeni esithile sasemtholampilo.
Ngohlobo 2 sikashukela, ukugcwala koshukela egazini ngemuva kokudla kuhlala kuphezulu kakhulu kunangaphambi kokuba umuntu athathe ukudla. Ukwehluka kwezinkomba kuncike ekwakhekeni kwemikhiqizo yokudla, inani lama-carbohydrate atholakele nalo emzimbeni.
I-glucose ephezulu kakhulu emzimbeni womuntu ngemuva kokudla ukudla ibonwa ngemuva kwengxenye yehora noma ihora. Isibonelo, kumuntu ophile kahle, isibalo singafinyelela kumayunithi angama-10,0-12.0, futhi kwisifo sikashukela, singaphakama kaningana.
Kumuntu ophilile, okuqukethwe ushukela ngemuva kokudla kukhuphuka kakhulu, kepha le nqubo ijwayelekile, futhi ukuqina kwayo kuncipha ngokwayo. Kodwa kwisifo sikashukela, konke kuhlukile kancane, futhi ngenxa yalokho, kunconywa ukudla okukhethekile.
Njengoba inani le-glucose emzimbeni eliphikisana nesizinda sikashukela "lingagxuma" ngobubanzi obuningi, ukumelwa kwesithombe kwesigaxa soshukela kususelwa ekuhlolweni okunquma ukubekezelelwa kwe-glucose:
- Lolu cwaningo lunconyelwe abanesifo sikashukela, kanye nabantu abanamathuba aphezulu okuthola isifo sikashukela. Isibonelo, labo bantu abasindwa yifa elibi.
- Ukuhlolwa kukuvumela ukuthi ukhombe ukuthi i-glucose ibiliswa kanjani ngokumelene nesizinda sohlobo lwesibili lwe-pathology.
- Imiphumela yokuhlola inganquma isimo sangaphambi kwesifo sikashukela, esisiza nayo ukuqala ngokushesha ukwelashwa okwanele.
Ukuze wenze lolu cwaningo, isiguli sithatha igazi ngomunwe noma emthanjeni. Ngemuva kokuvela komthwalo woshukela. Ngamanye amagama, umuntu udinga ukuphuza amagremu angama-75 kashukela, oncibilikisiwe koketshezi olufudumele.
Ngemuva kwalokho bathatha enye isampula yegazi isigamu sehora, ngemuva kwemizuzu engama-60, bese kuthi ngemuva kwamahora ama-2 bedlile (umthwalo kashukela). Ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni, singathola iziphetho ezidingekayo.
Okufanele kube ushukela ngemuva kokudla nohlobo lwesibili sikashukela, kanye nenani lesinxephezelo se-pathology, kungabonakala etafuleni elingezansi:
- Uma izinkomba zesisu esingenalutho zihlukahluka kumayunithi angama-4,5 kuye kwayi-6.0, ngemuva kokudla kusuka kumayunithi angama-7.5 kuya kwayi-8.0, futhi ngokushesha ngaphambi kokulala, amayunithi ayi-6.0-7.0, lapho-ke singakhuluma ngokunxeshezelwa kahle kwalesi sifo.
- Lapho izinkomba ezisiswini esingenalutho zisukela kumayunithi ayi-6,1 kuya kwayi-6.5, ngemuva kokudla amayunithi angama-8-9,9.0, futhi ngokushesha ngaphambi kokulala kusuka kumayunithi angama-7.1 kuye kwayi-7.5, lapho-ke singakhuluma ngokunxephezelwa okujwayelekile kwe-pathology.
- Ezimweni lapho izinkomba zingaphezulu kwamayunithi angama-6.5 ngesisu esingenalutho (iminyaka yesiguli ayinandaba), amahora ambalwa ngemuva kokudla amayunithi angaphezu kuka-9,0, nangaphambi kokulala, ngaphezu kwamayunithi angama-7.5, lokhu kubonisa uhlobo lwesifo olungakhokhwanga.
Njengoba umkhuba ukhombisa, enye imininingwane ye-biological fluid (igazi), isifo sikashukela ayithinti.
Ezimweni ezingavamile, kungahle kube nokwenyuka kwe-cholesterol emzimbeni.
Izici zokulinganisa ushukela
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi isilinganiso soshukela emzimbeni womuntu kuncike eminyakeni yakhe. Isibonelo, uma isiguli simdala kuneminyaka engama-60 ubudala, khona-ke ngeminyaka yakhe, amanani ajwayelekile ayoba ngaphezulu kancane kunakwabaneminyaka engama-30- 40.
Ezinganeni, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukugxila kwe-glucose (okujwayelekile) kuphansi kancane kunokomuntu omdala, futhi lesi simo sibhekwa kuze kube seminyakeni eyi-11-12. Kusukela eminyakeni eyi-11 ukuya kwengama-12 yobudala bezingane, izinkomba zazo zoshukela emgodini wezinto eziphilayo zibalelwa kwizibalo zabantu abadala.
Enye yemithetho yokunxeshezelwa ngempumelelo kwe-pathology ukulinganisa okujwayelekile koshukela emzimbeni wesiguli. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ubuke amandla we-glucose, ukuyilawula ezingeni elidingakalayo, ukuvikela ukwanda kwesimo.
Njengoba umkhuba wezokwelapha ukhombisa, iningi labantu abanesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 nohlobo 2 bazizwa kabi kakhulu ekuseni ngaphambi kokudla. Kwabanye, inhlalakahle iba mbi ngesikhathi sasemini noma kusihlwa.
Isisekelo sokwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 yisondlo esifanele, ukuvivinya umzimba okuhle, kanye nemithi. Uma kutholakala uhlobo lokuqala lokugula, isiguli silulekwa ngokushesha ukuba siphathe i-insulin.
Udinga ukukala ushukela wegazi kaningi. Njengomthetho, le nqubo yenziwa kusetshenziswa imitha yeglucose yasekhaya ezimweni ezilandelayo:
- Masinyane ngemuva kokulala.
- Ngaphambi kokudla kokuqala.
- Njalo emahoreni angama-5 ngemuva kokufakwa kwe-hormone
- Njalo ngaphambi kokudla.
- Ngemuva kwamahora amabili ngemuva kokudla.
- Ngemuva kwanoma yimuphi umsebenzi womzimba.
- Ebusuku.
Ukulawula ngempumelelo isifo sabo, kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela sabudala 2 kufanele silinganise ushukela waso emzimbeni okungenani kasikhombisa ngosuku. Ngaphezu kwalokho, yonke imiphumela etholakele inconyelwe ukuba iboniswe kudayari. Ukuzimisela ngesikhathi kanye noshukela okuhlolisisa ushukela ekhaya kuzokuvumela ukuthi uqaphe amandla wesifo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, idayari ikhombisa izinga lokuzivocavoca ngokomzimba, inani lokudla, amamenyu, umuthi neminye imininingwane.
Ungayilungisa kanjani i-glucose?
Ukuzilolonga kukhombisa ukuthi ngokulungiswa kwendlela yokuphila, ungasinxephezela ngempumelelo lesi sifo, futhi umuntu angaphila impilo egcwele. Imvamisa, udokotela kuqala uncoma ukudla nokuzivocavoca ukwehlisa ushukela.
Uma lezi zinyathelo kungakapheli izinyanga eziyisithupha (noma unyaka) zinganikanga umphumela odingekayo wonyango, khona-ke izidakamizwa zibekiwe ezisiza ukuguqula amanani eglucose kufinyelele ezingeni lokuqondiwe.
Amaphilisi anqunywa kuphela ngudokotela, othembela emiphumeleni yezivivinyo, ubude besifo, ushintsho olwenzekile emzimbeni wesifo sikashukela namanye amaphuzu.
Umsoco unezimpawu zawo:
- Ngisho nokusetshenziswa kwama-carbohydrate usuku lonke.
- Ukudla ukudla okuphansi kuma-carbohydrate.
- Ukulawulwa kwekalori.
- Ukwenqatshwa kwemikhiqizo eyingozi (utshwala, ikhofi, i-confectionery nabanye).
Uma ulandela izincomo zokudla okunempilo, ungalawula ushukela wakho, futhi uzohlala ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo eyamukelekayo isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka.
Akumele sikhohlwe ngemisebenzi yomzimba. Ukwelapha ukuzivocavoca ngesifo sikashukela kusiza ukuba i-glucose imunce, futhi izocutshungulwa engxenyeni yamandla.
Uhlobo lokuqala nolwesibili lwesifo sikashukela: umehluko
Isifo "esimnandi" akuyona nje i-pathology engamahlalakhona ebangela ukuphazamiseka okuningi, kodwa futhi nesifo esisongela ngemiphumela ehlukahlukene engeke isiguqule, esidala ukulimaza impilo yabantu.
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zesifo sikashukela, kepha izinhlobo eziningi zokuqala nezesibili ze-pathologies zitholakala, futhi izinhlobo zazo ezithile azitholwa kakhulu.
Uhlobo lokuqala lwesifo sikashukela lincike kwi-insulin, futhi lubonakala ngokubhujiswa kwamaseli e-pancreatic. Inqubo yegciwane noma ye-autoimmune, esekwe ekuphazamisweni ekusebenzeni kwamasosha omzimba, ingaholela enqubweni engenakuphikwa ye-pathological emzimbeni.
Izici zohlobo lwesifo sokuqala:
- Ngokuvamile kutholakala ezinganeni ezincane, intsha kanye nentsha.
- Uhlobo lokuqala lwesifo sikashukela lubandakanya ukuphathwa okuhleliwe kwehomoni impilo.
- Ingahlanganiswa ne-autoimmune pathologies ehambisanayo.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ososayensi bakubonakalisile ukwanda kofuzo kulolu hlobo lwesifo ushukela. Uma omunye noma bobabili abazali benokugula, khona-ke kukhona okukhulu kwengane yabo okukukhulisa.
Uhlobo lwesibili lokugula alincikile kwi-insulin ye-hormone. Kulesi simbambiso, i-hormone lenziwa ngokwenziwa ngamanyikwe, futhi liyakwazi ukuba semzimbeni ngamanani amakhulu, nokho, izicubu ezithambile ziphelelwa yizo. Ngokuvamile kwenzeka emva kweminyaka engu-40 yobudala.
Kungakhathalekile ukuthi uluhlobo luni lwesifo sikashukela, ukuze kulondolozwe impilo efanelekile, iziguli kudingeka ziqaphe njalo ushukela wazo emzimbeni wezinga lamanani okuhlosiwe. Ividiyo ekulesi sihloko izokutshela ukuthi wehlisa kanjani ushukela wegazi ube ojwayelekile.
