Isifo sikashukela isifo sikashukela isifo lapho umzimba ungakwazi ukulondolozela izinga leshukela elifunekayo ekusebenzeni kahle kwezinhlelo ezibalulekile.
Lesi yisifo sempilo yonke, kepha ngamasu afanele okulashwa kanye nokudla okunempilo, angagcinwa ngaphansi kolawulo oluqinile.
Imvamisa, isifo sikashukela isikhathi eside noma esingalashwa kuholela ezinkingeni. Enye yalezi zinkinga umsebenzi wezinso ophazamisekile.
I-Microalbuminuria - siyini lesi sifo?
Uma kutholakala iprotheni kumchamo womuntu, khona-ke lokhu kubonisa isifo esinjenge-microalbuminuria. Ngenkambo ende yesifo sikashukela, ushukela unomphumela onobuthi ezinsweni, uvuse ukungasebenzi kwawo.
Ngenxa yalokho, ukuhlunga kuyaphazamiseka, okubangela ukubonakala komchamo wamaprotheni ngokuvamile akufanele udlule kusihlungi se-renal. Amaprotheni amaningi yi-albhamuin. Isigaba sokuqala sokubonakala kwamaprotheni kumchamo sibizwa ngokuthi yi-microalbuminuria, i.e. amaprotheni avela kuma-microdoses futhi le nqubo kulula kakhulu ukuyiqeda.
Izinkomba ezijwayelekile ze-microalbumin kumchamo:
| Kwabesifazane | Emadodeni |
|---|---|
| 2.6-30 mg | 3.6-30 mg |
Uma i-microalbumin kumchamo iphakanyisiwe (30 - 300 mg), lokhu kuyi-microalbuminuria, futhi uma inkomba ingaphezulu kuka-300 mg, khona-ke macroalbuminuria.
Izimbangela kanye nendlela yokukhula kwe-pathology kushukela
Ukwanda kweglucose yegazi kubangela ukomela okuqinile ezigulini (njengoba umzimba uzama ukususa ushukela omningi emzimbeni) futhi, ngenxa yalokho, isilinganiso soketshezi oludliwayo sikhuphuka, esisindwa kakhulu izinso.
Ngenxa yalokhu, ingcindezi kuma-capillaries ama-glomeruli ayanda, izikebhe ze-nephrons zeluliwe - konke lokhu futhi kudlulisa iphrotheni kumchamo (okungukuthi, ukungcola kugcwele ngokuphelele).
Izizathu ezinkulu ezingadala lokhu kwephulwa yilezi:
- isakhi sofuzo;
- thayipha 1 bese uthayipha isifo sikashukela 2;
- izifo ze-oncological;
- izifo zesistimu yenhliziyo;
- umfutho wegazi ophakeme noma ojwayelekile (umfutho wegazi ophakeme);
- cholesterol ephezulu yegazi;
- amazinga aphakeme we-lipid;
- inani elikhulu lokudla kwamaprotheni, okungukuthi inyama;
- imikhuba emibi, ikakhulukazi ukubhema.
Iqembu lengozi
Akubona bonke abantu abanenkinga yokulawula ushukela egazini abathambekele kwi-microalbuminuria.
Lokhu ikakhulukazi ngabantu:
- Ukuphila impilo engenampilo, ukuba nemikhuba emibi, ukudla ukudla okunamafutha “okungalungile”;
- ukhuluphele, okuholela kokuphila kokuhlala phansi;
- nezifo zenhliziyo ezihambisanayo;
- nomfutho wegazi ophakeme;
- abesifazane abakhulelwe ngokwephula i-pancreas;
- ukuguga.
Izimpawu zesifo
Inqubo yokuthola isifo sezinso yinde impela. Ingakapheli iminyaka engu-6-7, isigaba sokuqala salesi sifo senzeka - i-asymptomatic. Kubonakala ngokungabikho kwezimpawu ezibuhlungu. Kungatholwa kuphela ngokudlula ukuhlaziywa okukhethekile ku-Microalbumin. Ekuhlaziyeni jikelele komchamo, konke kuvamile. Ngosizo olufika ngesikhathi, ukusebenza kwezinso kungabuyiselwa ngokuphelele.
Ukulandela iminyaka engu-10-15, isigaba sesibili senzeka - i-proteinuria. Ekuhlaziyweni okujwayelekile komchamo, kuvela amaprotheni enanini elingaphezu kwama-3 mg futhi amangqamuzana egazi abomvu akhuphuka, ekuhlaziyeni kwe-Microalbumin, izinkomba zidlula inani lama-300 mg.
I-Creatinine ne-urea nayo iyanda. Isiguli sikhononda ngomfutho wegazi ophakeme, ikhanda, ukuvuvukala komzimba. Uma ngabe lesi sigaba senzeka, kuyaphuthuma ukuxhumana nephrologist. Lesi yisigaba esingenakuguqulwa - umsebenzi wezinso ukhubazekile futhi awukwazi ukubuyiselwa ngokuphelele. Kulesi sigaba, inqubo kuphela "efriziwe" ukuvikela ukulahleka okuphelele kokusebenza kwezinso.
Bese kuthi ngokuhamba kweminyaka eyi-15 ukuya kwengama-20, isigaba sesithathu sivele - ukwehluleka kwezinso. Ocwaningweni lokuxilonga, okuqukethwe amangqamuzana abomvu egazi namaprotheni kukhuphuka kakhulu, futhi noshukela emchameni uyatholakala futhi. Umuntu ulungisa ushintsho olungazelelwe emfuthweni wegazi.
Ukuvuvukala kuthola ukubukeka okuzinzile, okuphinyiselwe ngokuqinile. Ukungakhululeki kuhlale kuzwakala ohlangothini lwesobunxele lomzimba, futhi kuvela izinhlungu. Isimo esejwayelekile somuntu siba sibi. Kubonakale ikhanda njalo, ukwazi kuyadideka, ukukhuluma kuyaphazamiseka.
Ukushonelwa, ukulahlekelwa ukwazi, noma ikomisa kungenzeka. Kungenzeka ukuxazulula inkinga yesigaba sesithathu kuphela ngaphakathi kwezindonga zesibhedlela. Kaningi, le nkinga kufanele ixazululwe nge-hemodialysis kanye nokufakelwa kwezinso.
Kunikezwa kanjani i-urinalysis?
Kubantu abanoshukela wegazi ophakeme, ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile komchamo akwanele.
I-urinalysis ekhethekile ye-microalbuminuria kufanele yenziwe. Udokotela uphoqelekile ukuthi abhale phansi ukuqondiswa kwalokhu kuhlaziywa - lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngudokotela noma uchwepheshe ogxile okuncane.
Ukuqoqa ukuhlolwa komchamo, udinga ukuqoqa umchamo wansuku zonke - lokhu kuqinisekisa umphumela wokuhlola onembe kakhudlwana, kepha ungabheka umthamo owodwa wasekuseni womchamo.
Qoqa umchamo nsuku zonke, kufanele unamathele kumaphoyinti athile.
Kudingeka isitsha sokuqoqa umchamo esikhethekile. Kungcono ukuyithenga ekhemisi, ngoba isitsha esisha esingenakuhlanzeka ngeke sikuvumele ukuthi udukise imiphumela yokuxilonga (imvamisa yi-2.7 l). Uzodinga nesitsha esijwayelekile sokuhlaziywa ngevolumu engu-200 ml (mhlawumbe oyinyumba).
Umchamo kufanele uqoqwe esitsheni esikhulu phakathi nosuku, futhi lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngokulandelayo:
- ngokwesibonelo, ukuqoqa ukuhlaziywa kusuka ngo-7 ekuseni kuye ku-7 ekuseni ngosuku olulandelayo (amahora angama-24);
- Musa ukuqoqa isampula yokuqala yomchamo ngehora lesi-7 (emva kobusuku);
- bese uqoqa wonke umchamo esitsheni esikhulu kuze kube ngu-7 a.m. ngosuku olulandelayo;
- ngo-7 ekuseni wosuku olusha enkomishini ehlukile ukuqoqa ama-200 ml womchamo ngemuva kokulala;
- engeza lama-200 ml esitsheni elinoketshezi oluqoqwe ngaphambili bese uhlangana kahle;
- bese uthela i-150 ml kusuka kumthamo ophelele we-ketshezi oluqoqiwe bese uwudlulisela elabhorethri ukuze ucwaningwe
- kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhombisa umthamo womchamo wansuku zonke (malini uketshezi oluqoqwe ngosuku);
- ngesikhathi sokuqoqa kuqukethe umchamo esiqandisini ukuze imiphumela ingahlanekezelwe;
- lapho uqoqa ukuhlaziywa, kuyadingeka ukwenza kahle ukuhlanzeka kwezitho zangasese zangaphandle;
- Musa ukuthatha ukuhlaziywa ngesikhathi sezinsuku ezibucayi;
- ngaphambi kokuqoqa ukuhlaziywa, ngaphandle kwemikhiqizo engonakalisa umchamo, ama-diuretics, ama-aspirin.
Umphumela onokwethenjelwa ungatholakala ngokubuka wonke amaphuzu angenhla.
Isu lokwelashwa
Ukwelashwa kwe-microalbuminuria kanye nesifo sikashukela kudinga ukwelashwa okuyinkimbinkimbi.
Imithi imiselwe ukunciphisa i-cholesterol emzimbeni, ukwehlisa umfutho wegazi:
- Lisinopril;
- I-Liptonorm;
- IRosucard;
- I-Captopril nabanye.
Ukuqokwa kungenziwa kuphela ngudokotela.
Izindlela zinqunyelwe futhi ukulawula okuqukethwe ushukela. Uma kunesidingo, kunikezwa i-insulin therapy.
Ukwelashwa kwesigaba sesibili nesesithathu salesi sifo kwenzeka kuphela esibhedlela, ngaphansi kokubhekwa udokotela njalo.
Ukuze uzinze isimo sesiguli, kufanele unamathele ekudleni okufanele okunempilo. Imikhiqizo kumele ikhethwe kuphela yemvelo, ngaphandle kwezithasiselo zamakhemikhali ngendlela yodayi, abaqinisi kanye nezivikelo.
Ukudla kufanele kube yi-low-carb ne-low-protein. Kuyadingeka ukukhipha imikhuba emibi ngendlela yokusebenzisa utshwala nogwayi. Umthamo odliwayo wamanzi ahlanziwe kufanele ube ngamalitha ayi-1.5-2 ngosuku.
Ukukhuphela ngaphandle i-microalbuminuria noma ukuyicindezela ekuqaleni, kufanele:
- Bheka njalo izinga le-glucose emzimbeni.
- Gada i-cholesterol.
- Buyisa umfutho wegazi ubuye kokujwayelekile, ukukala njalo.
- Gwema izifo ezithathelwanayo.
- Landela ukudla.
- Susa imikhuba emibi.
- Lawula inani lamanzi asetshenzisiwe.
Ividiyo evela kusazi:
Abantu abane-pancreatic dysfunction badinga ukwenza i-urinalysis ye-microalbumin okungenani kanye ngonyaka. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi isigaba sokuqala singavinjelwa futhi siqinisekise ukusebenza ngokuphelele kwezinso. Ukuhlolwa njalo nokuphila ngendlela enempilo kuzosiza ukubhekana nalokhu.
