Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-insulin kwenza ukuthi sikwazi ukubona ngesikhathi esifanele izifo ezibucayi ezinganciphisa kakhulu impilo. Ukuhlolwa kwe-insulin, okwenziwa ngezikhathi ezithile, kukuvumela ukuthi ukhombe ukusilela bese uqala ukwelashwa ngokulungisa.
I-insulin yi-hormone yamaprotheni ebaluleke kakhulu kuwo wonke amasistimu nezitho zomzimba. Le hormone ihlinzeka ukuthunyelwa kwezakhi zomzimba emangqamuzaneni.
I-insulin ibandakanyeka ekugcineni i-carbohydrate esele evamile. I-hormone ikhiqizwa nge-cyclically, ukuqina kwayo egazini kuhlale kukhuphuka ngemuva kokudla.
Izinkomba zokuhlolwa kwe-insulin
Le hormone inesibopho sokuhlanganiswa kwamaprotheni, kanye nokusebenzisana kwama-carbohydrate, amaprotheni namafutha. Le hormone ibandakanyeka ohlelweni lwe-metabolism yamandla ngenxa yama-glycogens, omsebenzi wawo ukwakha amandla okonga.
Ama-pancreas akhiqiza i-insulin ngosizo lamaseli akhethekile abizwa ngokuthi ama-islets of Langerhans. Uma kwenzeka kungalingani emsebenzini wabo kanye nokwehla kokukhiqizwa kwe-insulin kuye kuma-20%, uhlobo lokuqala lwesifo sikashukela luqala ukwakheka emzimbeni womuntu.
Kwesinye isikhathi kuvela isimo lapho umthamo we-insulin okhiqizayo unganciphi, noma kunjalo, amangqamuzana awakwamukeli. Ngakho-ke, ukumelana ne-insulin kwenzeka. Kulokhu, kwakheka isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2.
Uma kukhona izinsolo zokuba khona kwe-pathology enjalo, khona-ke udinga ukwenza ukuhlaziya ukuze ubheke inani lama-hormone akhiqizwayo, ngoba isifo sikashukela sinezinkinga eziningi ezahlukahlukene. Izimo zegazi ezinamanani we-insulin:
- I-3 - 25 mcU / ml yabantu abadala,
- I-3 - 20 μU / ml yezingane,
- 6 - 27 microns Iyunithi / ml yokukhulelwa,
- I-6 - 36 mkU / ml yabantu ngemuva kweminyaka engama-60.
Umthamo we-insulin ezinganeni ezincane awuguquki ngenxa yobungako kanye nezimpawu zokudla abazidlayo. Ukuzwela kwe-insulin kuyanda ngesikhathi sokuthomba. Ngemuva kwalokho izinga le-insulin egazini lincike ngqo enanini lama-carbohydrate eza nokudla.
Egazini, i-insulin ikhuphuka lapho inani elikhulu lama-carbohydrate lingena emzimbeni. Ngakho-ke, ukunquma ukuhlaziywa kwe-insulin okudingeka ukwenze esiswini esingenalutho. Izifundo azenziwanga ngemuva kwemijovo ye-insulin.
Uma izinga le-insulin lingaphansi kokujwayelekile, khona-ke lokhu kukhombisa isifo sikashukela, uma siphakeme - mayelana nokwakheka kwama-pancreas. Ukuhlaziywa kwangesikhathi kukuvumela ukuthi uthole ukugula kwezigaba zokuqala.
Kuyini ukuhlaziya
Isifo sikashukela siyindlela eyingozi yokuhleleka lapho ukungenela okujwayelekile kukashukela kwezicubu kungenzeki. I-diabetesic ayinawo amandla okusebenzisa i-glucose njengomthombo wamandla, ngakho-ke kuphazamiseka okukhulu ekusebenzeni kwezinhlelo nezitho zomzimba. Amanyikwe akhiqiza i-insulin.
Odokotela bahlola amazinga e-insulin ukunquma hhayi kuphela ukuba khona kwesifo sikashukela. Uhlobo lwalesi sifo luyatholakala. Uma amaseli we-gland eyeka ukukhiqiza i-hormone ngesilinganiso esifanele, khona-ke uhlobo lokuqala lwesifo luyanda.
Kwabanye abantu, umthamo we-insulin awushintshi, izinga lawo lingase liphakanyiswe, kepha amangqamuzana ezinzwa awulahlekelwa yi-hormone. Ngenxa yalokhu, kuthayipha isifo sikashukela noma isifo sikashukela esinga-insulin.
Ngokuphikisana nesizinda sikashukela, kungahle kube nalokhu:
- i-polyneuropathy
- isifo se-artery se-coronary
- retinopathy ukuqeda ubumpumputhe,
- ukwehluleka kwezinso
- trophic ushintsha ube yi-gangrene.
Njengoba imiphumela yesifo sikashukela imbi kakhulu, kudingeka kunakwe kakhulu ekutholeni lokhu kugula. Uma uthola ngesikhathi esifanele ukuthi izinga le-insulin lenyuka ngokuqondile ngenxa yesifo sikashukela esikhona, khona-ke lesi sifo sizosiza ukubhekana nalokhu:
- ukudla okukhethekile kokudla
- ukudlala ezemidlalo.
Njengomphumela wezinyathelo ezithathiwe, kungenzeka ukuthi kube ngokwejwayelekile ukubuyisela isisindo kanye nokubuyisa i-carbohydrate metabolism ngaphandle kwemithi.
Izici zokuthatha ukuhlolwa kwe-insulin
Ukuthatha ukuhlolwa kwe-insulin, awudingi kulungiselelwa okukhethekile. Kusihlwa udinga ukulala, futhi ekuseni ungaphuzi noma udle lutho. Ukuze umphumela uthembeke, kufanele ugweme ukudla okunamafutha nokuthosi okwenzelwe usuku.
Uma ucwaningo kudingeka ukuthi lwenziwe ngesinye isikhathi, khona-ke amahora angama-8 kuvunyelwe ukuphuza kuphela amanzi ngamanani amancane ukuze kudlule ukuhlaziya esiswini esingenalutho.
Akunconywa ukuthatha igazi ngemuva kokudakwa noma ukuzikhandla ngokomzimba. Futhi, inqubo kufanele ibambezeleke ngemuva kwezinhlobo ezilandelayo zokuxilonga:
- I-Ultrasound
- i-fluorography
- ukwelashwa ngomzimba
- i-radiography
- ukuhlolwa kwe-rectal.
Kungcono ukuthatha igazi ngaphambi kokusebenzisa umuthi. Uma kunikezwa imishanguzo futhi ayikwazi ukukhanselwa, ukuhlolwa kunakekela konke okuthathwa yisiguli. Umuntu angahlala ebuza udokotela wakhe ukuthi unikela kanjani ngegazi nokuthi kubiza malini ukuhlolwa.
Uma kunezinga eliphansi le-insulin, khona-ke izizathu zingaba ngokulandelayo:
- thayipha isifo sikashukela esingu-1 noma uhlobo 2
- umsebenzi omkhulu womzimba,
- ukuntuleka kwama-hormone akhiqizwa i-pituitary gland.
Uma i-insulin iphakanyisiwe, khona-ke kungenzeka:
- insulinoma
- ukukhuluphala
- isifo sesibindi
- thayipha isifo sikashukela sesibili esigabeni sokuqala,
- I-Itsenko-Cushing's syndrome,
- i-misuli dystrophy.
I-insulin engaphansi kokujwayelekile
Ukushoda kwe-insulin kubangela ukukhuphuka kwenani le-glucose egazini, ngenxa yalokho indlala iqala emangqamuzaneni, ngoba i-insulin ayikwazi ukunikeza izicubu zenani elifanele lezakhi kanye noshukela.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukushintshaniswa phakathi kwamafutha namaprotheni kuyaphazamiseka, i-glycogen iyayeka ukufakwa emisipha nasezibindini.
Ushukela ophezulu wegazi uyacasuka:
- ukoma okukhulu
- indlala engapheli
- ukuchama njalo
- ukuphazamiseka kohlelo lwezinzwa.
Uma ungaziboni lezi zimpawu futhi ungaqali ukwelashwa, khona-ke ukuswelakala kwe-insulin kuzokhuphula ukukhula kwe-mellitus yesifo sikashukela esincike kakhulu sohlobo lokuqala.
I-insulin ephansi kungenzeka ngenxa:
- isifo se-hypothalamic noma i-pituitary,
- impilo yokuphila nje noma umsebenzi omude, wokuzivocavoca okukhulu,
- ukucindezelwa, ukukhathala kwezinzwa,
- izifo ezingamahlalakhona nezingapheli
- ukuphuza amanani amaningi okweqile kokudla okunamafutha nokudla ngokweqile okuhleliwe.
Isifo sikashukela sinezinkinga eziningi, singamiswa uma uqala ukwelashwa okunekhono ngaphansi kokuqashwa njalo kwezokwelapha. Ungangehlisa izinga le-glucose ngosizo lokudla okhethekile, izidakamizwa nokwelashwa kwe-insulin, umsebenzi ukubuyisela amaseli we-pancreatic, uqinise amasosha omzimba. Izithako zemithambo yegazi nazo ziyasetshenziswa.
Ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela, udokotela kufanele anikeze umuthi futhi akhethe umthamo ophelele wokugcwalisa ukuntuleka kwe-hormone emzimbeni.
Ngemuva kwalokhu, kubalulekile ukwenza ngezikhathi ezithile izivivinyo ukuze udokotela abe nethuba lokuqapha izinga le-insulin egazini futhi asheshe enze izinguquko uma kunesidingo.
Iphakeme kune-insulin ejwayelekile
Ingozi yisezingeni eliphakeme le-insulin, ngoba izinguquko ezingenakuguqulwa kuzo zonke izinhlelo ezibalulekile zomzimba zibangelwa. Ngenxa yalokhu kugula, kuvela isifo sikashukela esinga-insulin sohlobo lwesibili.
Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi, ngenxa yokwanda kwe-insulin, inani loshukela egazini lehla kakhulu, umzimba awukwazi ukuguqula ukudla okutholwe amandla.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, okweqile kwe-hormone akuvumeli amaseli wamafutha ukuthi abambe iqhaza ku-metabolism. Ngakho-ke, kuvela:
- ukujuluka
- ethuthumela
- izibuko
- ukuhlaselwa yindlala
- isicanucanu
- ukwehluleka.
Ukusabela okufanayo kuvela emzimbeni ophethe izidakamizwa eziningi ze-insulin. Ama-pancreas angakhiqiza ama-insulin amaningi. Izimbangela eziphambili ze-pancreatic hyperfunction yilezi:
- ukucindezela
- ukuzivocavoca ngokweqile
- Uhlobo 2 sikashukela
- ukukhuluphala
- izifo
- inani elikhulu le-hormone yokukhula,
- insulinoma
- ukuthathwa kwe-glucose engasebenzi kahle ngamaseli,
- ukuphazamiseka kwendlala yesikhumba,
- i-ovary polycystic,
- amathumba ama-pancreas nezindlala ze-adrenal.
Izici zokwelashwa zincike ngqo kumbangela yokwanda kwevolumu ye-insulin. Ngaphezu kwemithi, umuntu kumele aqaphe njalo ukudla kwakhe. Uma kungenzeka, kuyadingeka ukwenqaba imikhiqizo eyingozi emzimbeni.
Kufanele futhi ungene kwezemidlalo, uhambe ngezinyawo emoyeni futhi, uma ufisa, uvakashele ichibi. Ividiyo ekulesi sihloko iveza ezinye zezici ze-insulin.
