Uhlobo lwe-1 isifo sikashukela yisifo esincike ku-insulin esibonakaliswa ukuphazamiseka kwe-endocrine, ngenxa yalokho ukukhiqizwa okunganele kwe-insulin yama-pancreas emzimbeni.
Ukungasebenzi okunjalo kuholela ekutheni isiguli sibe nokuxineka okuqinile koshukela emzimbeni, futhi kuvezwe nezimpawu ezingezinhle - isifiso esijwayelekile sokuphuza, ukuchama kaningi, ukwehlisa isisindo ngaphandle kwesizathu.
I-Pathology ayelapheki, ngakho-ke, iziguli kukho konke impilo yazo enesifo sikashukela sohlobo loku-1 zidinga ukuthatha imishanguzo esiza ushukela omncane emzimbeni.
Kuyadingeka ukuthi ucabangele ukuthi ukwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1 kwenziwa kanjani, futhi ingabe kukhona izidakamizwa zesizukulwane esisha zabanesifo sikashukela? Yimaphi amavithamini anconywayo ukuthi athathwe, futhi imiphi imishanguzo ezosiza ukuguqula lesi simo futhi yelula impilo yesiguli?
Imigomo ejwayelekile yokwelashwa
Ngeshwa, akunakwenzeka ngokuphelele ukwelapha isifo sikashukela. Kodwa-ke, ngokusebenzisa ukwelashwa okwanele kwezidakamizwa, kungenzeka ukubuyisela isiguli empilweni egcwele, ukunciphisa amathuba okuba nezinkinga eziningi zesifo.
Ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa ngalesi sifo wukufakwa kwe-insulin emzimbeni wesiguli esinesifo sikashukela. Ukudla okufanele futhi kubalulekile ohlelweni lokwelashwa, isiguli sinconyelwa ukudla okuthile, okumele kuhlale kubhekwa.
Isisekelo sokwelashwa okuphumelelayo kungukuzivocavoca okuphezulu komzimba, okukhethwa ngakunye esithombeni ngasinye somtholampilo.
Ukwethulwa kwe-hormone emzimbeni akuhloselwe kangako ukwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, kodwa ukuze kugcinwe izinga likashukela emzimbeni ezingeni elidingakalayo. Esikhathini esiningi samacala, udokotela unquma ukufakwa okunjalo:
- I-hormone yasemuva inikezela esikhundleni sokukhiqizwa kwe-insulin phakathi nosuku.
- Isikhathi eside i-hormone isiza ukunxephezela ama-carbohydrate eza nokudla.
Inhloso enkulu yokwelashwa kwezidakamizwa ukuqinisa ushukela emzimbeni ezingeni elidingakalayo, ukuqinisekisa ukukhula okujwayelekile nentuthuko yomzimba. Njengoba esikhathini esiningi ezinganeni ezincane, intsha kanye nentsha inalesi sifo.
Ngemuva kokuthi kutholakale uhlobo lokuqala lwesifo sikashukela esigulini, kunconywa ukuthi ngokushesha kuqalwe kungeniswe i-hormone emzimbeni.
Ukwelashwa kwe-insulin okwanele futhi okufika ngesikhathi okuvumela kuma-80% wamacala ukufeza ukuxolelwa kwesikhashana, ukuqinisa inkambo ye-pathology, futhi kunciphise amathuba ezinkinga.
I-Insulin Therapy: Ulwazi oluvamile
I-insulin ye-hormone ukuphela kwekhambi likashukela wohlobo 1. Kungenxa yokuthi kungenzeka ukulawula ushukela emzimbeni, futhi ugcine impilo ephelele yomuntu ogulayo.
Njengamanje, kukhiqizwa izidakamizwa zokwelapha ushukela osuselwa ku-porcine, ama-hormone abantu nenyama yenkomo. Beef insulin, uma uyiqhathanisa ne-hormone yomuntu, inama-amino acid amathathu ekwakhiweni kwawo. Ingulube ine-amino acid eyodwa, ngakho-ke, izinga lokukhiqizwa kwama-antibodies ukuba abe yi-hormone yenkomo liphezulu kakhulu kune-insulin yengulube.
Ngokuyinhloko, kunezindlela eziningi ze-insulin zokwelapha i-pathology, futhi zonke zihlukaniswe ngokuya ngejubane lokuqalwa komsebenzi kanye nesikhathi somphumela.
Uhlu lwe-insulin olunconyelwe ukwelashwa kwe-insulin:
- Ama-hormone abamba amafushane.
- Izidakamizwa ezifanayo ze-hormone ye-ultrashort isenzo.
- Amahora esikhathi esiphakathi kokusebenza.
- Izidakamizwa ezifanayo ezisebenza isikhathi eside.
Ekhuluma ngokufakwa kwendabuko kwendabuko, kuyadingeka ukuthi uqaphele isizukulwane esisha sokulungiswa kwama-hormone, lawo okuthiwa ama-inhaled hormone. Kodwa-ke, okwamanje abavunyelwe ukusetshenziswa eRussia nakwamanye amazwe amaningi.
Iqiniso ukuthi intuthuko iyaqhubeka, kunomkhuba omuhle, kepha izidakamizwa zesifo sikashukela kufanele zidlule ochungechungeni lwezivivinyo zokwelashwa. Uma ngikhuluma iqiniso, le mithi ayinakubizwa ngokuthi yintsha, ngoba ososayensi bebelokhu bezama ukudala amaphilisi kashukela isikhathi eside.
Ngaphandle kwezifundo eziningi kule ndawo, intuthuko kanye nokuhlolwa kwesayensi, ifomu lethebhulethi kuze kube manje libonakala njengomuthi wekusasa, hhayi iqiniso.
Isimo se-insulin
Ukufakwa insulin okufushane kufaka phakathi le mithi emihle yesifo sikashukela: I-Insuman Rapid, Actrapid. Le mithi yesifo sikashukela iqala ukusebenza isigamu sehora ngemuva kokuphathwa.
Ngokuvumelana nalokho, kunconywa ukuphatha umuthi imizuzu engama-30 ngaphambi kokudla. Futhi ubude bomphumela womuthi buyehluka kusuka emahoreni ayi-6 kuye kwayi-7.
Futhi, uma le mishanguzo isetshenziselwa ukuphathwa kwe-intravenous ezimeni zokumiswa, khona-ke isenzo sabo siqala umzuzu owodwa ngemuva kokuthi umuthi ungene egazini.
Izidakamizwa ezilandelayo zisebenza njengezidakamizwa ezifanayo ze-hormone ye-ultrashort umphumela:
- I-Lizpro (Humalog).
- Aspart (Novoradipd).
Umsebenzi wezidakamizwa uvela imizuzu eyi-15 ngemuva komjovo, ngakho-ke bajova imizuzu engu-15 ngaphambi kokudla. Umphumela wethamo lomuthi ubonwa ngemuva kwamahora ambalwa, futhi ubude besikhathi sokusebenza amahora angama-4.
Imvamisa, la ma-insulin anconyelwa ukuphathwa kwezidakamizwa, futhi anezici ezihlukile ngokuqhathaniswa nama-hormone abamba amafushane.
Iqiniso ukuthi lifushane isikhathi sokusebenza kwe-insulin, kuba lula ukulawula i-hormone. Okusho ukuthi, ekuphathweni okwalandela kwe-insulin, ama-hormone asebenzayo kusuka kumjovo wokugcina awasahlali emzimbeni.
Isimo sama-hormone wesikhathi esiphakathi somphumela:
- Abamele ngempumelelo kakhulu: Insuman Bazal, Protafan.
- Baqala ukusebenza ngokuzikhandla ngemuva kwehora noma eyodwa nohhafu ngemuva kokuphatha.
- Isikhathi sonke sesenzo sehluka kusuka emahoreni ayi-8 kuye kwayi-12.
- Imvamisa kunconywa njenge-basal hormone, ehanjiswa kabili ngosuku.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ama-hormone anjalo abonakala ngesilinganiso esiphakeme sokwenza, okungaholela ekwakhiweni kwesimo se-hypoglycemic esigulini.
Ama-insulin asebenza isikhathi eside asetshenziswa njenge-hormone eyisisekelo, futhi ahlukaniswa yinzuzo ngoba ayinawo amandla aphezulu esenzo. Njengomthetho, isikhathi sama-hormone anjalo ahluka kusuka emahoreni angama-24 kuye kwangama-30, ahanjiswa kabili ngosuku.
Into entsha yakamuva yaleli qembu yi-hormone Treshiba, ekwazi ukwenza into efinyelela amahora angama-40.
Uhlobo lonyango lwe-insulin
Ngohlobo 1 sikashukela, lesi sifo singalashwa ngama-regimens amabili asetshenziswa kwezokwelapha zesimanjemanje ngobuningi bamacala.
Uhlobo lwendabuko ukuphathwa kwe-insulin kabili ngosuku, lapho kungeniswa i-hormone ebamba ngokuhlanganyela kanye ne-hormone ephakathi nendawo. Kuhlobo lwendabuko yokwelashwa kwendabuko, ama-hormone aphathwa imizuzu engama-30 ngaphambi kokudla, ekuseni nakusihlwa. Futhi izikhathi eziphakathi kokuphatha kufanele zibe ngamahora ayi-12.
Ukusebenza kwezokwelapha kukhuphuka lapho kunokuphathwa kanyekanye kwehomoni elula evimbela ukwanda okukhulu koshukela ngemuva kokudla kwasekuseni nangesikhathi sokudla kwakusihlwa.
Kwezinye iziguli, uhlobo lokuphathwa kathathu kwe-hormone lukhombisa ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu:
- Inhlanganisela yezenzo ezimfishane nezinde iphathwa ngokushesha ngaphambi kwesidlo sasekuseni.
- Ngaphambi kokudla kwakusihlwa, ihhashi elibamba ngamafuphi liyabhalwa, futhi ngaphambi kokulala, kufakwa umjovo we-insulin wokuvezwa isikhathi eside.
Njengomthetho, kukhiqizwa izinhlobo ezine zezingxube ezinjalo, lapho kufakwa i-10, 20, 30 noma 40% ye-hormone elula. Isibonelo, uHumulin ngokuhambisana ne-hormone yemiphumela yesikhathi eside ebizwa nge-Isofan.
Ukonakala okuyinhloko kokwelashwa kwendabuko iqiniso lokuthi udinga ukulawula ngokuqinile ukudla okudlayo, gcina ukusebenza komzimba njalo. Lesi simo siholele ekutheni iziguli eziningi zithande ukwelashwa okunamandla nge-hormone.
Isimilo sokuphathwa okukhulu kwe-hormone:
- I-Hormone ye-medium effect ihanjiswa kabili ngosuku, ngenkathi ihlanganiswa nomuthi obambela amafushane. Njengomthetho, ukufaka ngaphambi kokudla okumbili kokuphakanyisiwe kunconyiwe.
- Kusihlwa kusihlwa kuyabhalwa.
Ukwelashwa okujulile nge-insulin kungabandakanya nokwelashwa ngepompo - imishini ekhethekile enikeza ngokuzenzakalelayo futhi iqhubeka ihambisa i-hormone kwizicubu zomuntu ezingaphansi.
Namuhla, iphampu ye-insulin iyithuluzi elihlukile elinganikeza ama-hormone unyaka wonke ngamakhambi amancane anenani elifakiwe.
Amavithamini e-Diabetes
Ngenxa yokuthi i-mellitus yesifo sikashukela sohlobo lokuqala isebenza njengendlela yokuyalela i-insulin, i-vitamin complexes yesifo sikashukela ikhethiwe ngendlela yokuthi ingezeleli umphumela wamahomoni angeniswa njalo emzimbeni wesiguli.
Amavithamini kwabanesifo sikashukela siyisengezo sokudla esisebenza njalo sezinto eziphilayo, esivumela isiguli ukuba sondle umzimba ngamaminerali nezakhi ezidingekayo, kuyilapho zibonwa njengezodambisa izinkinga.
Izinto ezilandelayo amavithamini abaluleke kakhulu kwabanesifo sikashukela ku-insulin:
- Vitamin yeqembu A. Kuyasiza ukugcina ukubonwa okugcwele okubonakalayo, kunikeza ukuvikela ezifweni zamehlo, ezincike ekubhujisweni okusheshayo kwe-retina yeso.
- IVithamini B isiza ukugcina ukusebenza kohlelo lwezinzwa oluphakathi, luvimbele ukuthi lungaphazamiseki ngenxa yesifo sikashukela.
- I-Ascorbic acid iyadingeka amandla emithambo yegazi nokukalwa kwezinkinga zesifo, ngoba ngesifo sikashukela izindonga zemithambo ziba mncane futhi ziqine.
- Inani elanele le-Vitamin E emzimbeni wesifo sikashukela lisiza ukuvimbela ukuxhomekeka kwezitho zangaphakathi kwe-insulin, kunciphisa isidingo sabo sehomoni.
- Vitamin H kungenye into esiza wonke umzimba womuntu ukuthi usebenze ngokuphelele ngaphandle kwemithamo emikhulu ye-hormone.
Lapho umuntu onesifo sikashukela enesidingo sokudla okumnandi nokudla kafulawa, ngaphezu kwalokho kuyanconywa ukwakheka kwamavithamini aqukethe i-chromium.
I-Chromium isiza ukuvimba isifiso sokuthola lokhu kudla, ngenxa yalokho okwakha ukwakha nokudla okufanelekile.
Amavithamini amahle kakhulu
Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi udinga ukuphuza hhayi amavithamini kuphela, kepha lawo makhomzimba aphephile ngokuphelele emzimbeni, awunawo amandla okuphendula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindlela zecebo elinjalo kufanele zibe zemvelo, okungukuthi, eziqukethe izakhi zezitshalo.
Ngeshwa, ukwazi isimo sevithamini kuyinto eyodwa, kepha ukubala inani lawo wonke amavithamini adingekayo ngosuku kuhluke ngokuphelele futhi kunzima esigulini. Kungakho kudingekile ukuphuza ama-vitamin complexes.
Ukuthatha le nkimbinkimbi, awudingi ukuthi ucabange ngokubala, kwanele ukubathatha ngokuncoma udokotela, ogama lokuthi umthamo kanye nemvamisa yokusebenzisa umuthi.
I-Vitamin eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu yabanesifo sikashukela:
- I-Antiox R.
- I-Detox Plus.
- Mega tata.
I-Antiox R iyisengezo semvelo semvelo esisiza ukugcina impilo enhle. Ithuluzi lisiza ukwakha ukuvikela okuqinile kuma-radicals wamahhala, liqinisa izindonga zemithambo yegazi, lithinta kahle umsebenzi wesistimu yenhliziyo, linikeza ukwanda kwesimo somzimba sokuzivikela.
I-Detox Plus isiza ekuhlanzeni umzimba, ikhulule uhlelo lokugaya lobuthi nezinto ezinobuthi. Ngokuvamile, kunomthelela omuhle empilweni yesiguli, kuvikela izinkinga eziningi zesifo sikashukela.
I-mega tata ifaka i-Omega-3 ne-6, sibonga ngayo ukuthi iguqule umsebenzi wesistimu yehliziyo nenhliziyo, ukuvikela izitho zombono nobuchopho. Isengezo sinomphumela omuhle enhlalakahleni kanye namakhono engqondo.
I-lipoic acid evame ukubekwa, okuyinto efana ne-Vitamin eyenza ukuthi izinqubo ze-carbohydrate zihambisane nomzimba.
Amanye amaphilisi wesifo sikashukela
Ngokuphikisana nesizinda sokwelashwa kwe-insulin, eminye imishanguzo ingabekelwa ekwelapheni ama-pathologies ahambisana nesi sifo esiyimbangela.
Ama-inhibitors e-eniotensin-aguqula i-enzyme asiza ukuguqula umfutho wegazi, ngenkathi evimbela imiphumela emibi yezinye izidakamizwa ezinso.
Imishanguzo evame ukubekwa elwa nezifo zepheshana lesisu. Futhi ukukhetha kwezokwelapha kuncike ekuguleni okuthile nesithombe somtholampilo. Uma isiguli sinokuthambekela kwezifo zenhliziyo, kuyabe kunconywa amaphilisi asekela ukusebenza kwenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi.
Ngokwengeziwe, kungabekwa imithi:
- Ukuze ulwe nezinguquko ze-atherosclerotic emzimbeni, nikeza nemithi eyehlisa okuqukethwe kwe-cholesterol embi.
- Uma kunezimpawu ze-peripheral neuropathy, khona-ke ama-painkiller anqunywe.
Imvamisa, emadodeni anesifo sikashukela i-mellitus, ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-erectile kuyatholakala. Uma isiguli singenazinkinga ngohlelo lwezinhliziyo, udokotela angancoma i-Viagra, Cialis, Levitra.
Ukulwa nesifo sikashukela sohlobo loku-1 kuyindlela ephelele yokwelashwa ebandakanya ukuphathwa kwe-insulin, ukuvivinya umzimba okwanele, ukudla okuthile, kanye nokwelashwa kwezifo ezikhona.
