Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa zesifo sikashukela esinciphisa isifiso sokudla, kukuvumela ukuthi wenze ngokwejwayelekile isisindo somzimba nezinqubo ze-metabolic kuwo.
Iziguli eziningi zikhononda ngesifiso esinamandla sesifo sikashukela. Kepha ngaphambi kokuthola ukuthi ungayinciphisa kanjani indlala, kufanele uqonde ukuthi kungani abanesifo sikashukela bengathola indlala ebabazekayo kanye nesifo sikashukela esande ngokwejwayelekile.
Into yokuthi ukwanda kwesifiso sikashukela kukhombisa ukubola kwesi sifo. Isiguli sizwa indlala enamandla ekuseni, noma ngabe kusihlwa wadla inani elikhulu lokudla.
Lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yokuthi isiguli sinokuphulwa kwe-carbohydrate metabolism. Kulokhu, kuba sobala ukuthi ukuze sinciphise inani lokudla okudliwayo, isiguli kudingeka singaphendukeli kwabezempilo nakwizazi zengqondo, kodwa ku-endocrinologist. Le yinkinga yomzimba, hhayi eyengqondo, njengoba kubonakala abaningi.
Ngakho-ke, manje sekucacile ukuthi kuzokwenzeka ukunciphisa isifiso sikashukela kuphela uma kungenzeka ukubuyisa amandla ama-molecule eglue ukungena emzimbeni wamaseli womzimba wonke, ngoba lokhu kuyadingeka ukulungisa izinga loshukela wegazi.
Kunezindlela eziningana zokunciphisa amazinga kashukela aphezulu bese ngaleyo ndlela kunciphisa isifiso sesiguli. Vele, lokhu kuyi-insulin. Kepha nansi enye inkinga eqala, kuyacaca ukuthi lapho ukudla okuningana okudla isiguli, inani eliphakeme le-insulin kufanele lithathwe nguye. Futhi namanje, imijovo ayikwazi ukubhekana nesamba esikhulu se-glucose, futhi impilo, okuphambene nalokho, iba mandundu ngisho nangokushesha.
Isizathu salesi simo ukuthi izinga eliphakeme likashukela egazini livimbela ngokuphelele ukungena kwalesi sici emalungeni eseli. Ngenxa yalokhu, umzimba awutholi amandla anele futhi uphinde uthumele isifiso ebuchosheni mayelana nendlala. Isiguli sizwa ukuntuleka kokudla futhi siphinde siphoqelelwe ukuba samukele ukudla ngamanani amasha amakhulu nangaphezulu.
Uma uphendukela kudokotela onolwazi, ngokushesha uzokubuza umbuzo mayelana nokudla kwesiguli. Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi isifo sikashukela asihlali sisungulwa ngokushesha ngemuva kokuvela kubantu. Imvamisa, esigabeni sokuqala, umuntu akazizwa ezinye izimpawu ngaphandle kwendlala nokoma. Futhi lapho kuphela ukugula okuhambisana nakho kuqala ukukhula, uphendukela kudokotela ukuze athole usizo.
Futhi lapho eqala ukuphendukela ku-endocrinologist, uhlala enesifiso sokudla kwesiguli sakhe. Ngendlela, elinye iqiniso elikhombisa ukuba khona kwesifo sikashukela kubhekwe ukuthi kanye nomuzwa oqhubekayo wendlala nokudla amanani amakhulu okudla, isisindo somuntu sisancipha. Kepha, kusobala, lokhu kuyisibonakaliso esingaqondile.
Ukwanda kwesifiso sikashukela, lokhu kungenye yezimpawu ezikhona zalesi sifo, uhlala udinga ukuhlolwa okugcwele futhi ucacisa ubukhona balesi sifo.
Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, kumuntu ophilile, konke ukudla akudlayo kungena emangqamuzaneni. Kuliqiniso, ngaphambi kwalokho, liphenduka ushukela. Esikhathini sikashukela, ibuye iphenduke ushukela, ihlala egazini kuphela. Lokhu kungenxa yokuntuleka kwehomoni efana ne-insulin. Futhi yena, kukhiqizwa ama-pancreas.
IGlucose luhlobo lwamafutha kuwo wonke amaseli omzimba womuntu. Ngokufanelekile, uma kungangeni kulezi zingqamuzana, akakutholi umsoco owanele futhi umuntu uzizwa ekhathele. Umzimba uyaqhubeka nokudinga umsoco wamangqamuzana futhi futhi kunomuzwa wokulamba.
Kulokhu, kubalulekile ukuthi unganciphisi ngemizwa umuzwa wokulamba, kodwa unikeze umzimba insulin engekho. Kungemva kwalokhu lapho ushukela eqala ukungena kumaseli ngaleyo ndlela ondle umzimba ngezinto eziwusizo namandla. Umuzwa ongapheli wendlala uzoqala ukudlula kancane.
Kepha hhayi njalo i-insulin iyasiza. Isibonelo, kungenzeka kube nezimo lapho amangqamuzana engaboni i-insulin kuphela. Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka lapho isifo sikashukela sinxephezelwa.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi amanani amaningi kashukela egazini kungaholela esimweni esifana ne-hyperglycemia. Futhi kungagcina isiguli sikhubazekile.
Kunezidakamizwa ezikhethekile zesifo sikashukela esinciphisa isifiso sokudla. Kodwa kumele zinqunywe yi-endocrinologist futhi kuphela emva kokuhlolwa isiguli ngokuphelele.
Ngaphezu kokuthatha imithi ekhethekile, usadinga ukulandela ezinye izincomo okufanele zilandelwe ngesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2.
Ngokuqondene nemithi ebekelwe iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, imvamisa imishanguzo ye-tablet, ngokwesibonelo, iSiofir noma iMetformin.
Kepha, ngeqiniso, akumelwe sikhohlwe ukuthi ngisho nezincomo ezilandelayo, ushukela usengakhula. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi uhlale uhlolwa njalo yi-endocrinologist, futhi nangokuzimele uhlole izinga le-glucose egazini. Kulokhu, kunamadivayisi akhethekile akuvumela ukuthi ufeze amakhono akho ekhaya.
Lokhu kudinga:
- Yenza ngokwejwayelekile isisindo (udinga ukuzama ukwehlisa sonke isisindo esinqwabelene bese uzama ukusigcina sisezingeni elifanele);
- Yehlisa ushukela ophakeme (futhi futhi ugcine ezingeni elifanele);
- Ukuzivocavoca (ukunciphisa umzimba kufanele kugcwale ngokuzivocavoca umzimba njalo);
- Yehlisa ukumelana ne-insulin (kulokhu, kuzokwazi ukwenza inqubo evumele ukumuncwa kwe-glucose ngamaseli);
- Khipha ekudleni konke ukudla okuqukethe inkomba ye-glycemic ephezulu (kukhipha izikhala ezibukhali kushukela wegazi).
Abaningi banethemba lokuthi iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela zithola isisindo ngesikhathi esifushane kakhulu. Kepha lo mbono ongalungile. Ngisho nabanesifo sikashukela bobabili bangalulama ngokushesha futhi banciphise umzimba ngokushesha. Kepha ngasikhathi sinye, ngaso sonke isikhathi kudingeka ukhumbule ukuthi kuleli cala, akunakukwazi ukuzilahlekisela isisindo.
Udokotela onolwazi kuphela ngemuva kokuhlolwa okugcwele ongancoma ukuthi wehlise isisindo kanjani nokuthi unganciphisa kanjani ukuthambekela. Kuyenqatshelwe ngokuqinile ukuzibandakanya ngokuzimela ekunciphiseni isisindo bese ulandela noma yikuphi ukudla.
Ukwehla kwesifiso sesifo sikashukela kwenzeka ngemuva kokulandelwa kwezincomo eziningi ze-endocrinologist, futhi ukufakwa kokudla okuthile ekudleni kungenye yalezi zeluleko. Bangakwazi ukufaka i-insulin engekho, imikhiqizo enjalo yile:
- Yonke imifino eluhlaza.
- Amafutha wefilakisi.
- Garlic.
- Soya.
- Ukolweni omile
- Ubisi (kodwa imbuzi kuphela).
- AmaBrussels ayahluma.
- I-sea kale yesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, le mikhiqizo akufanele idliwe hhayi kuphela ngesisindo ngokweqile, kodwa futhi nangokwehla okubukhali. Ngemuva kwalokho, iqiniso elinjalo njengokukhula kwesifiso sokudla kanye nokwehla okukhulu kwesisindo okubonisa ukukhula kwesigaba sesibili sikashukela. Wonke umuntu obhekane nenkinga efana nokulahleka kwesisindo okubukhali udinga ukushintshela ekudleni okunempilo. Ukudla kufanele kuthathwe ngezingxenye ezincane okungenani ezinhlanu, noma ngisho nezithupha ngosuku.
Uma isisindo siphansi kakhulu, khona-ke ingxenye yesithathu yalo lonke uhlu lwemikhiqizo kufanele ibe ngamafutha.
Kepha, njengoba sekuvele kucace bha, iziguli ezihlushwa yilesi sifo esingenhla zingagcini nje ngokuba nesisindo esiphansi, kepha, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngokweqile.
Uma sikhuluma ngokuthi ungabhekana kanjani nesisindo ngokweqile kushukela, khona-ke okokuqala kudingeka ukuthi wehlise hamu. Futhi ngenxa yalokhu kufanele wenze ngokwejwayelekile izinga likashukela egazini.
Ukuvimbela izimo ezinjalo, kufanele ungafaki ngokuphelele ekudleni konke ukudla okune-khalori ephezulu nokudla okuthosiwe. Le mikhiqizo ifaka:
- imayonesi;
- imikhiqizo yobisi ebilisiwe enokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwamafutha ezilwane;
- inyama enamafutha;
- inhlanzi
- amanoni, njll.
Udinga ukusiphuza njalo umuthi onomphumela ophansi kushukela, naku-insulin, kunalokho, uyanda.
Namanje landela izincomo zokulungiselela imikhiqizo. Ake sithi, uma sikhuluma ngenkukhu, khona-ke kufanele ususe kuqala isikhumba kuyo.
Ochwepheshe bezokudla abanolwazi bakukwazisa ukuthi ushiye ngokuphelele uwoyela wemifino. Kulokhu, kungcono ukukhipha amasaladi ngejusi kalamula. Kunconywa ukushintshela ekusebenziseni i-kefir enamafutha aphansi noma iyogathi enamafutha ngokuphelele.
Kuyiqiniso, lapho kukhuphuka isigaba sesifo sikashukela, kuba nzima ngokwengeziwe ukuba isiguli silondoloze lokho kudla.
Okubi kunakho konke ukuthi, iziguli ezinhlobo lokuqala ziyakubekezelela, kepha labo abahlushwa yilokhu kugula kohlobo lwesibili sebevele kulula kakhulu ukukubekezelela lokhu kungazinikeli ekudleni okuthile.
Kanye nokusetshenziswa kokudla okuphansi kwe-carbohydrate kwabanesifo sikashukela, abadli bezokudla batusa ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezithile ezikhethekile isenzo sabo okuhloswe ngaso ukunciphisa indlala. Yonke imithi ekhona yale nhloso ingahlukaniswa ngamaqembu amathathu:
- I-DPP-4 inhibitors;
- I-Chromium picolinate;
- Ama-agonists we-GLP-1 receptor.
Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi izidakamizwa eziseqenjini lama-DPP-4 inhibitors kanye neqembu labasubathi be-GLP-1 receptors behlisa ngokuphelele ushukela wegazi lesiguli esinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2. Lezi zinhlobo zemithi zinomphumela ovuselelayo kumaseli we-pancreatic futhi zinciphise isifiso sokudla sesiguli. Umphumela ovuselelayo kumaseli we-beta usiza ngokwejwayelekile amazinga kashukela egazi. Ukwehla ushukela emzimbeni kunciphisa ukulamba kwesiguli.
Izidakamizwa eziseqenjini lama-DPP-4 inhibitors zifaka:
- UJanuvius;
- Onglinase;
- UGalvus.
Odokotela bafaka le mithi elandelayo eqenjini lama-GLP-1 receptor agonists:
- I-Baeta;
- Victoza.
Izidakamizwa ze-Agonist zenza umzimba ngamabomu emzimbeni, zinciphisa isifiso sokudla kanye nokuxhomekeka kwe-carbohydrate.
Imithi ehlobene nochungechunge lwe-incretin isiza ukwehlisa isifiso sokudla ngokunciphisa ijubane inqubo yokuthulula ipheshana lesisu ngemuva kokudla.
Imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile yokuphuza lo muthi umuzwa wokucanuzelelwa kwenhliziyo. Ukuze unciphise ukungakhululeki ngesikhathi somuthi, kufanele uqale ukubaphuza ngethamo eliphansi kakhulu. Ukwanda kancane kancane komthamo kusiza isiguli ukuthi sivumele ukuthatha umuthi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwenzeka kokuhlanza nobuhlungu besisu, kanye nesifo sohudo noma ukuqunjelwa, kungenzeka njengomthelela oseceleni. Kodwa-ke, imiphumela enjalo emibi ngokuthatha izidakamizwa zaleli qembu ayitholakali.
Ukuthatha izidakamizwa ze-incretin kunqunywe ngokuhlangana neSiofor. Lokhu kunganciphisa kakhulu izinga le-hemoglobin ye-glycated futhi kwehle kakhulu isisindo. Ukuphuza izidakamizwa kungakhuphula umphumela weSiofor emzimbeni wesiguli onesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2.
Ukuqinisa umphumela wemithi kwenza ukuthi kubambezeleke ukuqala kokulashwa kwe-insulin esigulini esinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2.
Iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 kanye nesisindo ngokweqile kufanele zikhumbule ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwanoma yimuphi umuthi kuvunyelwe kuphela njengoba kuchazwe udokotela oholayo, futhi umuthi uqobo ngokwawo kufanele wenziwe ngokuhambisana nezincomo ezitholwe kudokotela wezempilo kanye ne-endocrinologist.
Lapho ulungisa indlela odla ngayo, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukuntuleka kokudla kuyasithinta kabi isimo somzimba nesisindo sawo.
Ngendlela ehlanganisiwe yokumisa umuzwa okhulayo wendlala, umuntu angakwazi ukuthola imiphumela emihle ebonakalayo, efaka ukuletha i-carbohydrate metabolism emzimbeni ibe ejwayelekile noma isimo esiseduze kakhulu nokujwayelekile ngesikhathi esifushane kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, indlela ehlanganisiwe yendlala eyenelisayo inganciphisa kakhulu isisindo somzimba ngokweqile, futhi kwezinye izimo ize iqondise nezinkomba, okuthi kumanani abo zisondele kakhulu esimweni sokuphila.
Kwividiyo ekulesi sihloko, kwethulwa izincomo zokudla okufanele kwesifo sikashukela sokunciphisa umzimba.
