I-Ketosis inqubo yokuqeda amafutha agcinwe emzimbeni ukukhiqiza amandla. Le ndlela iqala uma kunokushoda kondlekile, noma kunalokho, ama-carbohydrate. I-Ketosis iyadingeka ekugcinweni okukhulu kwesisindo semisipha.
Le nqubo akuyona ingozi. Izidumbu zeKetone, ezinqwabelana ngenxa yokuqhekeka kwamafutha, ziba nomthelela ongemuhle emzimbeni. Ingozi enkulu ifaka i-acetone.
Ngokuqongelela kwawo okukhulu, i-ketoacidosis iyakhula, ifomu elinamandla lokwenza ingozi enkulu empilweni yabantu nasezilwaneni. Le nqubo ingabhekwa ezinhlotsheni ezimbili, kubantu nasezilwaneni.
I-ketosis yomuntu
Umongo wemiqondo ye-ketoacidosis ne-ketosis kumele uhlukaniswe. I-Ketosis, esebantwini nasezilwaneni, ingenzeka ngenxa yokudla okunganele kwama-carbohydrate emzimbeni kanye nokufakwa esikhundleni sawo ngemikhiqizo yamaprotheni yemvelaphi yezilwane.
Namuhla, kaningi inqubo iba ngenxa yesiguli esilandela ukudla okuthile, inhloso yayo kungukuchitha amanoni aqoqiwe kuze kube sezingeni eliphakeme. Umshini ophumelelayo wokushiswa kwamafutha awunayo ingxenye yokudla futhi akubeki usongo empilweni.
Izimpawu zalesi sifo kubantu nasezilwaneni
Ukubonakaliswa kwe-ketosis kubantu nasezilwaneni kuyizimpawu zokucasulwa kwe-mucosa esiswini kanye nohlelo lwe-urogenital olunemizimba ye-ketone:
- isicanucanu
- ubuthakathaka
- ukuhlanza
- ukuchama njalo.
Ngokuphikisana nesizinda sesibonakaliso sokugcina, ukuphuma komzimba kukhula, okubangela ukoma ngokweqile. Ngezindlela eziyinkimbinkimbi zomonakalo ovela emlonyeni nomchamo, iphunga le-acetone liyabonakala. Kukhona ukwephula isigqi sokuphefumula, okuba ngumsindo futhi kujule.
I-Ketosis inhloso yokudla okuphansi kakhulu kwe-carb okuhlose ukunciphisa isisindo ngesikhathi esifushane. Izinhlelo ezinjalo zokudla zisetshenziswa njalo ngosaziwayo abafuna ukugcina isisindo sabo njengokujwayelekile.
Lokhu kuziphatha kuphambene nomqondo ojwayelekile, ngoba ukudla okune-carb ephansi, ukwenqatshwa kwamafutha ezilwane nokunye ukudla okungenakulinganiswa kuyisilinganiso sesikhashana sokukhipha isikhashana kwesikhashana kwezicubu ze-adipose ezingaphansi. Ukudla okufanayo kwenziwa ngabakhi bomzimba ngaphambi kokusebenza.
Ukudla okunjalo kufaka phakathi uhlelo oludumile lwe-Ducan manje, lapho kudingeka khona izondlamzimba zokuthuthuka okuphelele komzimba, okuphelelwa amandla amaningi ngokuzikhandla komzimba. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze kululame ngokushesha futhi ngokushesha kwemisipha elayishiwe.
Kubalulekile! Uma kutholakala izimpawu ze-ketosis, isiguli kufanele sibonane nodokotela. Isimo esifanayo singaba ubufakazi bokuqala kwesifo sikashukela.
Ngokufanelekile, ezilwaneni inqubo enjalo nayo iyisidingo sokuya kudokotela wezilwane.
Ukwelashwa kanye nefomu lesifo sikashukela
Ngamafomu amnene, ukwelashwa kwe-ketosis akudingekile, futhi lokhu kusebenza kubo bobabili abantu nasezilwaneni.Kudingeka kuphela ukubuyisela izondlamzimba ezinhle, amanzi amaningi nokuphumula.
Kodwa uma kunezimpawu ezicacile zokunyuka kwe-acetone (zichazwe ngenhla), kufanele uvakashele udokotela ngokushesha ozokunikeza ukwelashwa okuyikho, ngoba lesi simo siyingozi empilweni yesiguli. Ungabona i-acetone emchameni, kanye ne-acetone, njengephunga eliphuma emlonyeni.
Uhlobo lwenqubo yesifo sikashukela lubonakala kakhulu ezifweni ezingenazinkinga zesifo sikashukela esincike ku-insulin, ikakhulukazi ebuntwaneni nasebusheni. Kodwa i-ketosis nayo ingakhula nge-insulin-ezimele yesifo sikashukela esine-insulin, uma izimo ezihambisana nokuhambisana nokwenyuka kwe-ketogeneis zikhambisana nayo.
Phakathi kwe-ketosis yesifo sikashukela, kukhona:
- Kuboniswe uKetosis.
- I-Ketosis ayivezwa, kwesinye isikhathi i-episodic elula.
I-ketosis emnene ingakhula ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela esilinganiselayo. Bangambiza:
- okubalulekile, kepha amaphutha ama-episodic ekudleni nakwimodi;
- ukwephulwa kokudla ngendlala noma ukuhlukunyezwa kwamafutha ezilwane nama-carbohydrate egaya ukudla;
- ukuncishiswa okungenangqondo kwemithamo ye-insulin noma ezinye izidakamizwa ezinciphisa ushukela;
- izimo ezicindezelayo;
- ukuvezwa ilanga isikhathi eside.
Kunezimo lapho inqubo ye-cleavage yenzeka ngokumelene nesizinda sokungena komoya kwezifo ezinesifo sikashukela esilinganiselayo.
Kwezinye iziguli, ukusetshenziswa kwe-biguanides nakho kungahambisana nokukhula kwesimo se-ketotic.
Ukubonakaliswa kwemitholampilo ezigulini ezinendlela efanayo ye-ketosis kubonakaliswa ukubola okungatheni kwesifo sikashukela mellitus. Ngokuhlala kahle kwesiguli okwenelisa ngokuphelele, ukuhlolwa kwelabhoratri kungambula i-ketonuria.
Izifundo ze-biochemical zingakhombisa ukwanda okuncane kwesamba likashukela egazini nomchamo, okuhlukile ngezinga le-glycemia ne-glucosuria ejwayelekile kulesi siguli.
Kwezinye iziguli, i-ketonuria yi-episodic. Lokhu kubonakala ezingxenyeni ezihlukile zomchamo phakathi kwe-glycemia egculisayo ne-glycosuria. Kwi-ketonuria ye-episodic, inani elijwayelekile lemizimba ye-ketone esegazini ichazwa isikhathi esifushane se-ketonuria, engaqoshwa njalo.
I-ketosis enamandla kakhulu kuwuphawu lokuthi isiguli sinqwabelisile isifo sikashukela. Imvamisa, iba nokukhula okunesisindo sikashukela okuphikisana nesizinda se:
- ukukhulelwa
- izifo ezithathanayo;
- ukulungiswa kwamthamo okungafanele futhi okungalungile kwe-insulin;
- ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa;
- ngokutholwa sekwephuzile kwesifo sikashukela esisanda kutholakala.
Isimo somtholampilo sivezwa yizimpawu zokuwohloka okukhulu kwalesi sifo. Izici ze-biochemical zale ketosis zivezwa kanjena:
- izinkomba ze-glycemia ne-glycosuria esigulini ziphakeme kakhulu kunokwejwayelekile (noma kunjalo, lesi simo singasala sinelisekile, njengasendaweni enomusa we-ketosis, ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa);
- izinkomba zesimo se-acid-base, okuqukethwe kwama-electrolyte egazi ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo ejwayelekile;
- izinga lemizimba ye-ketone esegazini iyezwa ngokweqile, kepha imvamisa ingeqi ku-0.55 mmol / l, ama-ketones kumchamo nawo ayanda;
- I-ketonuria ebizwayo iyabukwa, ehlala usuku noma ngaphezulu (kusuka ekuthini impendulo yomchamo iye ku-acetone iye ngokuhle kakhulu)
Ngombono we-pathophysiological view, i-ketoacidosis yesifo sikashukela ibonakala ngethala lokuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic okuyisimo se-ketosis, kodwa kuphinyiselwa ngaphezulu. Njengomthetho:
- i-ketonuria ephezulu;
- i-glycosuria engaphezu kwe-40-50 g / l;
- glycemia ngenhla kwe-15-16 mmol / l;
- ketonemia - 5-7 mmol / l nangaphezulu.
Ibhalansi ye-acid-base ne-electrolyte kulesi sigaba ayikaphazamiseki kakhulu futhi ihambelana nesithombe esibonakalayo sokuwohloka kwalesi sifo. I-ketoacidosis ingahle ihambisane nokulahleka okukhulu kukamanzi futhi ibe nokuphelelwa amandla okuncane, okuhambisana nezindlela ezinamandla zesifo.
