Iziguli eziningi ezinesifo sikashukela ziyalijwayela igama elifana nesifo sikashukela. Lesi simo sibonisa njengokukhuculula kwalesi sifo futhi kuvame ukwenzeka kulezi ziguli ezingakwazi ukulawula ngokuzimela ukugula kwazo. Imvamisa, imbangela yalokhu kufakwa kubhekwe ukuthi iziguli zimane nje azazi ukuthi zingazilawula kanjani izifo zazo nokuthi ziqapha kanjani impilo yazo.
Kumele kwaziwe ukuthi, okokuqala, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-ketoacidosis ngohlobo 2 lwesifo sikashukela kwenzeka ngenxa yokuthi isiguli sihola indlela yokuphila engalungile futhi singalandeli indlela ebekiwe yokudla.
Ochwepheshe abaningi bathi ukuze ugweme imiphumela enjalo, kwanele ukubambelela ekudleni okukhethekile kwe-carb. Lo mthetho ubalulekile ikakhulukazi kuhlobo lwe-1 mellitus yesifo sikashukela, kanye nakulezo ziguli ezinesifo sikashukela se degree yesibili. Lezo ziguli ezihlala zilandela lokhu kudla zizizwa zingcono kakhulu kunabanye. Yize ukuhlaziya umchamo wazo kukhombisa ubukhona be-acetone. Kepha akuyingozi.
Into esemqoka ukuthi izinga kashukela wegazi alidluli okujwayelekile.
Kodwa ngaphandle kokudla, kukhona okunye ukwelashwa kwe-ketoacidosis yesifo sikashukela. Ukuqala ukuthatha izidakamizwa ezikhethekile zokunciphisa ushukela nokuphetha ngokuzivocavoca umzimba okuthile.
Noma yisiphi isiguli kufanele sithintane nodokotela oyi-endocrinologist ukuphathwa okufanele kokugula kwakhe. Futhi lokho, futhi, kufanele kwenziwe izivivinyo ezijwayelekile futhi, uma kunesidingo, kushintsha uhlobo lokwelashwa.
Vele, ukuze ukhethe izindlela zokwelashwa ezifanele, kufanele uqale uqonde ukuthi iyini i-ketoacidosis yesifo sikashukela. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi inezimpawu ezithile, uma zitholakele, kufanele ucele usizo kudokotela.
Kufanele ukhumbule njalo ukuthi i-ketoacidosis yesifo sikashukela ezinganeni kungenzeka. Ngakho-ke, abazali bahlala bephoqelekile ukuthi babheke inhlala-kahle yengane yabo futhi baxwayise bonke abantu abadala ukuze lapho bengekho nabo babheke isimo sengane.
Ukuthuthuka kwalesi simo kungenxa yokuthi umzimba unokushoda okuqinile kwe-insulin ngenxa yokuthi amaseli angakwazi ukusebenzisa i-glucose ohlangothini olufanele.
Umzimba wesiguli uphelelwa amandla, umuntu uzizwa ebuthakathaka njalo, umuzwa wokulamba nezinye izimpawu zomala. Kulesi simo, umzimba uphoqelekile ukuba ushintshele ekondleni ngokwakhiwa kwawo kwamafutha. Ngenxa yalokhu, umuntu uqala ukwehla emzimbeni ngokweqile, yize ngasikhathi sinye isifiso sakhe sanda kuphela. Isifo sikashukela ketoacidosis sineminye imiphumela emibi.
Okungukuthi, sikhuluma ngeqiniso lokuthi lapho inqubo yokubola kwamafutha angenhla kwakheka, kwakhiwa umzimba othize, onegama elithi ketone. Inani labo eliphakeme egazini liholela eqinisweni lokuthi izinso zimane nje azinaso isikhathi sokubhekana nomsebenzi wazo. Ngenxa yalokhu, kukhuphuka i-acidity acid.
Ukugwema izimo ezinjalo, zonke iziguli ezitholakala zinesifo sikashukela njalo kufanele ziye kohlolwa udokotela.
Ngokwenyama, izimpawu ze-ketoacidosis zivela ngale ndlela:
- umuzwa ongapheli wendlala;
- ukoma okukhulu;
- umuzwa wobuthakathaka;
- isicanucanu nokuhlanza
- iphunga elishubile le-acetone elisuka emgodini womlomo.
Hhayi-ke, okuxakayo ukuthi uma usizo lokuqala lunganikezwanga kwabanesifo sikashukela, isimo sakhe siyowohloka kakhulu bese kufika kubani.
Kungekudala ngemuva kokudlulisela ukuhlaziya okufanele, isiguli esinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 singabhekana nenkinga efana nokuba khona kwe-acetone emchameni. Njengoba sekuchaziwe ngenhla, lokhu kungenxa yokuthi umzimba, uzama ukuzenzela amandla awusweleyo, wondla ngokwawo amandla okugcina. Lokho-ke, ukuqeda, ukufihla imizimba ye-ketone, nombala womchamo ushintsha unesifo sikashukela.
Lesi simo sivame kakhulu kulezi ziguli ezilandela ukudla okune-carb ephansi noma ezigulini ezinomzimba omncane. Izingane eziselula kakhulu zisendaweni ekhethekile yobungozi, lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ingane isebenzisa amandla amaningi, futhi umzimba kayitholi ukondleka okwenele futhi iqala ukubheka imithombo emisha yokubuyisa amandla esetshenzisiwe.
Amaphutha ayinhloko iziguli azenzayo ukwenqaba ukudla okunjalo. Akunasidingo sokwenza lokhu, vele uqale usebenzise uketshezi oluningi futhi uphathwe kahle. Kufanele kuqondwe ukuthi i-acetone kumchamo noma egazini ayilimazi isitho esisodwa inqobo nje uma ushukela ungadluli okujwayelekile kanti umuntu udla uketshezi oluningi. Kodwa ukuguqukela okuphelele kokudla okuphansi kwe-carb kuzosiza ukuqala ukulawula amazinga kashukela wegazi ngaphandle kokusebenzisa imijovo ye-insulin.
Kepha, ngeqiniso, lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngaphansi kokuqashwa ngokuqinile kodokotela oya khona. Kungakho kubalulekile kakhulu ukukala ushukela wakho njalo futhi uqiniseke ukuthi akukho ukweqa okungazelelwe.
Kufanele ukhumbule njalo ukuthi i-ketoacidosis kwisifo sikashukela kwenzeka ngenxa yokwanda okukhulu koshukela begazi. Ngakho-ke, uma ungangehlisi nge-insulin, isiguli nganoma yisiphi isikhathi singawela ekhefini.
Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, isibonakaliso sokuqala sokuthi isiguli sinesifo sikashukela sikashukela sikhuphuka sikashukela segazi. Okungukuthi, uma kungenjalo kungaphezulu kweshumi nantathu mmol / l. Ngendlela, wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi kunamadivayisi akhethekile alinganisa izinga le-acetone kumchamo noma egazini ekhaya. Lezi imichilo ekhethekile yokuhlola. Kepha ochwepheshe abaningi bathi ukulinganisa ushukela wegazi kusebenza kakhulu.
Ngokuvamile, ukuba khona kwe-acetone akusho lutho okwamanje, kodwa uma ushukela wegazi uphezulu kakhulu, khona-ke lokhu kungadala ukukhula kwe-ketoacidosis ezinganeni nakubantu abadala. Ngakho-ke, udinga ukukala ushukela nsuku zonke usebenzisa, isibonelo, i-One Touch Ultra glucometer. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kumele kwenziwe ngesisu esingenalutho futhi ekuseni kakhulu, ngokushesha ngemuva kokulala. Futhi ngemuva kokudla, cishe amahora amabili noma amathathu kamuva.
Uma, ngokushesha ngemuva kokudla, i-glucometer ikhombisa amanani kashukela ebangeni le-6-7 mmol / l, khona-ke izinyathelo ezifanele kufanele zithathwe ngokushesha.
Ngokomthetho, ukuba khona njalo kwamazinga aphezulu e-acetone futhi kuyisizathu sokuxhumana ne-endocrinologist yakho. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi inani ngokweqile kwalo kuholela ekuwohlokeni kwenhlala-kahle.
Isiguli sihlala sizwa ukoma, ukuchama kaningi, ubuthakathaka, ukozela nokunganakwa okuvamile.
Sele kushiwo ngenhla ukuthi lesi simo senzeka lapho ushukela omningi usegazini lesiguli bese i-acetone isemchameni. Kepha futhi, elesibili likhona nje ngoba i-glucose ayondli kahle umzimba futhi iyaphoqelelwa ukuthi ibheke ezinye izinsizakusebenzisa. Vele, i-insulin ingasiza kulokhu. Imijovo yakhe isiza ukwehlisa ushukela wegazi. Kodwa inkinga ukuthi kunqunyelwe isifo sikashukela 1 kuphela, kepha i-acidosis inokwenzeka ezigulini zohlobo lwesibili lwalesi sifo. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ngefomu elinzima, lesi sidakamizwa sithola ukumelana. Futhi noma uthatha imithamo emincane kakhulu, inani eliphelele le-insulin egazini lizoqala ukukhuphuka amahlandla amane, noma ngisho neshumi nanhlanu. Imbangela yokumelana ne-insulin ingaba:
- amazinga aphezulu kakhulu e-asidi egazini;
- ukuba khona kwenani elikhulu labaphikisi bezidakamizwa egazini.
Ososayensi beze kulo mbono wokuthi imbangela yalesi simo kungenzeka kube ama-ion hydrogen. Lokhu kufakazelwa iqiniso lokuthi ukwethulwa kwe-sodium bicarbonate kuqeda ngokuphelele ukumelana ne-insulin.
Ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa kwe-ketoacidosis kwenzeka kuphela ngaphansi kokuqashwa kukadokotela onolwazi obeka imithamo edingekayo ye-insulin nezinye izidakamizwa. Ngokuphathwa okufanele kokugula kwabo, isiguli ngasinye siyadingeka ukuthi sivakashele njalo i-endocrinologist yendawo.
Ikakhulu lo mthetho usebenza ezigulini ezine-ketoacidosis yesifo sikashukela, kufanele kuqondwe ukuthi nganoma yisiphi isikhathi lesi simo singangena ekhefini. Kwanele ukwenza iphutha elincane kakhulu ekwelashweni.
Okokuqala, ngithanda ukukukhumbuza ukuthi i-ketoacidosis enesifo sikashukela mellitus 2 noma uhlobo 1 iyi-pathology futhi inikeza umphumela omubi kakhulu. Ngokuphulwa okungapheli kwalezi zincomo, lesi simo singakhula sibe yi-syndrome. Ukuze ugweme imiphumela enjalo, ngezibonakaliso zokuqala zesifo sikashukela, kufanele ubonane nodokotela onolwazi nge-endocrinologist ukugcina umlando wesifo sakho. Udokotela kufanele asihlole njalo isiguli futhi simxwayise ngemiphumela emibi enjalo.
Izizathu ezenzeka ketogenesis zenzeke yile:
- ukwelashwa okungafanele kwe-insulin (kuthathwe umthamo ongafanele, umuthi uphathwa ngokungalungile, kusetshenziswa umuthi osezingeni eliphansi, njalonjalo);
- ukuphathwa okuqhubekayo komuthi endaweni efanayo (njengomphumela, umuthi awuthakwa kahle kusuka ngaphansi kwesikhumba);
- uma isifo sikashukela simane nje singatholakali;
- ukuba khona kokuvuvukala okunzima emzimbeni;
- isifo senhliziyo;
- izifo
- ukukhulelwa
- ukuthatha izidakamizwa;
- isikhathi sokusebenza nokuningi.
Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, imbangela ye-DKA ingaba noma yiziphi izinguquko eziqinile emzimbeni, kanye nezici eziningi zangaphandle. Ngakho-ke, ngaso sonke isikhathi kudingeka uqonde ukuthi yini nokuthi yini imiphumela yenkambo enjalo eholela kuyo.
Ukuze uthole ukwanda kwesimo sakho ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kufanele uqale ufune izeluleko se-endocrinologist enolwazi ukuze ugcine umlando wokugula kwakho. Ikakhulu uma kufanele ubhekane ne-ketoacidosis ngaphambili.
Uma izimpawu zokuqala zale ndlela zisaqala ukuzwakala, khona-ke ukuhlolwa okukhethekile kufanele kwenziwe ngokushesha. Okungukuthi:
- ngokomtholampilo anqume ukuthi ngabe kunesigaba sokuhoxa kwesifo sikashukela;
- qinisekisa noma ukhipha i-hyperglycemia;
- khomba umkhondo we-ketone emchameni nasegazini;
- nquma izinga lama-bicarbonate e-plasma egazini (inqubo yokuhlola ama-22 mmol / l).
Noma ngabe imiphumela ikhombisa enye yalezi zimpawu, lokhu sekukhombisa ingozi engaba khona.
Ukwelashwa kubandakanya izigaba eziningana. Okokuqala, umthamo wegazi elijikelezayo uyanda, ngoba lokhu, kufakwa i-ketshezi nama-electrolyte. Ngemuva kwalokho kwethulwa i-sodium bicarbonate. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-insulin ilawulwa ngokuhlinzwa. Ngemuva kwalokhu, kufanele ufake ama-carbohydrate nezinye izinto eziwusizo, ukushoda kwako kunqunywa ngemuva kokuhlolwa okukhethekile.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi isiguli okutholakale ukwelashwa kwe-ketoacidosis yesifo sikashukela kufanele silaliswe esibhedlela futhi silashwe ngaphansi kokuqashwa ngokweqile kwezokwelapha ngokuhlolwa njalo nokulungiswa okulandelayo kwerejimeni yokwelashwa. Ukuzilapha kuleli cala akwamukeleki ngokwezigaba futhi kungaholela ekufeni kwesiguli. Ividiyo ekulesi sihloko izokutshela ukuthi yiziphi ezinye izingozi ze-SD ezihlelayo.
