Umbala womchamo kushukela unendima enkulu ekuhlonzeni lesi sifo.
Kaningi, umuntu unaka ukushintshwa kombala womchamo ekugcineni. Esimweni lapho lokhu kwenzeka, umuntu ubuza ukuthi yimuphi umchamo wombala usesimweni esijwayelekile.
Umbala womchamo ubhekwa njengento evamile ebangeni ukusuka ephuzi eliphuzi lifana nombala wotshani kuya ophuzi okhanyayo ofana nombala we-amber. Umbala womchamo unqunywa ngokuba khona kombala we-urochrome kuwo, okuwunikeza umbala onemibala ehlukahlukene ephuzi.
Ukunquma umbala womchamo ezindaweni zokusebenzela, kuhlolwa umbala okhethekile ukuqhathanisa umbala womchamo ophenywayo nezithombe zamazinga emibala asunguliwe.
Ukuchama komchamo
Umbala womchamo ungahlukahluka kakhulu. Izici ezahlukahlukene ziyakwazi ukuthonya le nkomba.
Umbala womchamo nokuqukethwe kwawo kuyahlukahluka kakhulu ngokuya ngobukhona besifo emzimbeni. Isibonelo, umbala obomvu noma opinki womchamo ukhombisa ukuba khona kwezakhi zegazi kuwo kanye nokukhula kwe-hematuria emzimbeni, umbala wewolintshi we-secretions ukwazisa ngobukhona bokutheleleka okunamandla emzimbeni, umbala onsundu omnyama ukhombisa ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo zesibindi, kanye nokuvela komoya omnyama noma onamafu ukhuluma ngokwakhiwa kwenqubo yokutheleleka ohlelweni lwezitho zofuzo.
Umchamo kushukela we-mellitus kumuntu uthola umbala onamanzi, ophuzi, kuyilapho ushintsho kumbala womchamo kumuntu lushintsha umbala wamalongwe kushukela.
Izici ezibalulekile ezithinta umbala womchamo owenziwe umzimba yilezi:
- Ukudla okuthile. Isibonelo, ama-beet, amajikijolo, izaqathi, ama-blueberries nabanye.
- Ukuba khona kwezinhlobonhlobo zamadayi ekudleni okudliwayo.
- Inani loketshezi oludliwayo ngosuku.
- Ukusetshenziswa kwemithi ethile ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.
- Sebenzisa enqubweni yemikhono yokuxilonga yezinye izinto ezihlukile ezethulwe emzimbeni wesiguli.
- Ukuba khona kwezifo ezahlukahlukene nezifo emzimbeni.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele ufune usizo kwezokwelashwa kanye nosizo lwezokwelashwa uma umuntu etholile:
- Ukushiswa komchamo okuhlobene nokusetshenziswa kokudla okuthile.
- Emchamweni, kwatholakala izakhi zegazi.
- Umchamo ovezwe umzimba usuthole umbala onsundu. Isikhumba nesikhumba samehlo zaba ngumbala ophuzi.
- Uma kwenzeka uchaza umchamo nge-disco eyodwa kanyekanye yezinduku.
Udokotela kufanele abonwe uma kutholwa izibonakaliso zokuqala zokuwohloka kwesimo somzimba noma ushintsho ngombala nokuqina kombala womchamo.
Izinguquko zomchamo kushukela
Ngokushintsha umbala womchamo, udokotela oholayo angahlulela ubukhulu bezinkinga ezenzeka ngokuqubekela phambili kwesifo sikashukela.
Kwisimo esijwayelekile, umchamo unombala ophuzi ophuzi, awunephunga ngesikhathi sokuchama.
Uma kwenzeka kuba nenkinga yokuphazamiseka emzimbeni (metabolic metabolism) emzimbeni kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhubazeka kwezifo ze-endocrine ezibonakala ngokuqubuka kwesifo sikashukela, kuguquka indlela ethile esejwayelekile yegazi. Okufanele ukuthi kube nezinguquko ezakhiweni zomzimba nezamakhemikhali nokwakheka komchamo.
Iziguli ezitholakala zinesifo sikashukela zivame ukuba nentshisekelo embuzweni wokuthi hlobo luni lomchamo onephunga nesifo sikashukela. Inani elikhulayo likashukela kwiplasma yegazi licasisa umzimba ukufaka izindlela zokuncindezela, ngenxa yalokho kunokwabiwa ushukela omningi kumchamo. Lokhu kuholela eqinisweni lokuthi umchamo wesiguli onesifo sikashukela uthola iphunga le-apetone noma ama-aphula abolile.
Ukushintshwa kwephunga lomchamo kushukela kuhambisana nokwenyuka kwesibalo sawo, okukhombisa ukwanda kwesibalo sesifiso sokuchama. Kwezinye izimo, inani lomchamo okhishwe lingafinyelela kumalitha ama-3 ngosuku. Lesi simo singumphumela wokuthuthukiswa kokukhubazeka kwe-renal function.
Kaningi, ushintsho kumbala nezimpawu zomzimba womchamo kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Lesi simo sibonisa ukuthuthukiswa kwe-mellitus ye-hetiocytic emzimbeni kamuntu wesifazane okhulelwe.
Ukuba khona kwezidumbu ze-ketone emchameni kungakhombisa ukungafani komzimba njengokuphelelwa ngamandla komzimba nokuqina komzimba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi simo senzeka ngokuqalwa kwezifo ezithathelanayo zohlelo lwezitho zomzimba womuntu.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwezinqubo ezithathelwanayo ezithinta uhlelo lomuntu lwezitho zomzimba yinto eyeenzeka kaningi ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela i-mellitus. Ngokuthuthuka kwenqubo yokutheleleka, ukulimala kolwelwesi lwama-mucous kanye nesikhumba kuyabonakala, kaningi ukutheleleka ngegciwane kujoyina inqubo enjalo.
Kulesi simo, isifo sikashukela akuyona imbangela yezinguquko ze-pathological ekwakhekeni komchamo nombala wazo.
Iphunga lomchamo elingathandeki
Isikhalazo esibonakala kakhulu ukuvela kwephunga le-ammonia emchameni. Ngenxa yalesi sici sobuntu, udokotela oholayo uyakwazi ukubona uhlobo lwashukela olungejwayelekile. Ukuba khona kwephunga le-acetone kungakhombisa, kanye nesifo sikashukela, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-neoplasm elimazayo emzimbeni wesiguli nokuvela kwe-hypothermia.
Imvamisa, inkambo yakamuva yesifo sikashukela ingabonakala kuphela imvamisa yokuchama kanye nokubonakala kwephunga le-acetone elivela kumchamo okhishwa umzimba. Imvamisa kuba khona iphunga elivela kumchamo ngaphambi kokukhula komqondo we-hypoglycemic kumuntu.
Ukuhogela okungathandeki komchamo ngesikhathi sokukhula kwesifo sikashukela kungakhombisa ukukhula kwesifo sikashukela emzimbeni:
- ukuvuvukala kwe-urethra;
- i-pyelonephritis;
- cystitis.
Inqubo yokuvuvukala ku-urethra enesifo sikashukela ihambisana nokushintshwa kokuchama okungaguquki komchamo, iba mnene ngokwengeziwe futhi ukuvela kokufakwa kwegazi kungenzeka kuwo.
I-Pyelonephritis iyinkinga evamile yesifo sikashukela abanesifo sikashukela. Lesi sifo sihambisana neminjunju yokudonsa eyengeziwe esifundeni se-lumbar, futhi umchamo okhishwe uba mubi.
Ngokuthuthukiswa kwe-cystitis esigulini esinesifo sikashukela, umchamo uthola iphunga elishiwo i-acetone.
Phakathi kwemicimbi emibili - ukubukeka kwephunga eliphuma kumchamo kanye nokukhula komqondo we-hypoglycemic, kudlula izinsuku ezimbalwa, okukuvumela ukuthi ubuyisele izinga le-glucose emzimbeni ezinkomba eziseduze nenkambiso yomzimba.
Izinguquko emikhondweni ye-physico-amakhemikhali omchamo nezifo ezihlobene
Uma kwenzeka kushintsha iphunga lomchamo, kufanele kunakwe izimpawu zomzimba ezingeziwe, okubonisa ukuthi kukhona ukwephulwa kulo. Lezi zimpawu zingafaka:
- ukwehla okubukhali kwesisindo somzimba kanye nokubonakala kwe-pallor yesikhumba;
- ukuthuthukiswa kwe-halitosis;
- ukubonakala komuzwa wokunxanwa okungapheli kanye nolwelwesi lwe-mucous olomile;
- ukuvela kokukhathala okwandayo nokwanda ngemuva kokudla amaswidi;
- ukubonakala kokuzwa okungapheli kwendlala nokubukeka kwesiyezi;
- shintsha ekudleni;
- ukwephulwa komsebenzi wezitho zofuzo;
- ukubonakala kokuqhaqhazela kwezandla, ikhanda, ukuvuvukala kwemilenze;
- ukubukeka esikhunjeni sokuvuvukala kanye nama-thumba isikhathi eside kungapholi.
Zonke lezi zimpawu zihambisana nokushintshwa kwenani nomchamo wamakhemikhali womchamo zingakhombisa ukukhula kwesifo sikashukela emzimbeni wesiguli. Uma ukhomba ushintsho lokuqala ekwakhekeni nasembala lomchamo, kufanele uthintane nodokotela wakho we-endocrinologist ukuthola ukuthi kunjani ukuxilonga. Ngale njongo, udokotela uyalela isiguli ukuhlolwa kwelabhore kwegazi, umchamo nezindunduma. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwenziwa ukuhlola kwesiguli nezinye izinqubo zokuxilonga ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukutholakala kwaso.
Iphunga elibukhali elingathandeki le-acetone livela kumchamo owucashile uma kwenzeka kunyuka kakhulu izinga likashukela emzimbeni. Isimo esinjalo singavusa ukukhula ngokushesha komzimba emzimbeni.
Kwezinye izimo, ukukhula kwesifo sikashukela emzimbeni womuntu akubangeli ushintsho olubonakalayo ezimeni ze-physicochemical nombala womchamo. Ezimweni ezinjalo, ushintsho lubonwa kuphela esimweni soshintsho olubi ekugxambeni kwe-glucose emzimbeni wesiguli.
Lapho uqinisekisa ukutholwa, ukutholwa okunconywayo kanye nohlobo lokwelashwa, olwakhiwa yi-endocrinologist kanye ne-wezempilo, kufanele kulandelwe.
Kwividiyo ekulesi sihloko, zonke izimbangela zephunga elimnandi lomchamo zihlolwa kabanzi.
