Isifo sikashukela, njengezinye izifo, sinokuhlelwa kwaso. Ngakho-ke, kunezinhlobo eziningana zezifo, izimbangela zazo nezimpawu zingahluka komunye nomunye.
Olunye uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela sezinso, olubizwa nangokuthi usawoti noma i-sodium. Isici esiholayo esenzakalweni saso ukusebenza kokulimala kwe-renal ngenxa yokuntuleka kokuzwela kweziteshi zesitho ku-aldosterone (ihomoni ekhiqizwa indlala ye-adrenal). Ngenxa yalokhu, usawoti udonswa kabusha ezicutshini.
Umsebenzi wezinso ukuhlunga bese usabalalisa izinto ezithathwe umchamo. Enye yale mikhiqizo i-sodium, into edingeka umzimba ukuze ulondoloze ingcindezi ye-osmotic ezithweni, ukuxhumana kwesistimu yemisipha yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, futhi nayo ibamba iqhaza ezinqubweni ze-metabolic.
Kodwa-ke, uma kwenzeka ukungasebenzi kahle kohlelo lwezinso, kuvela ukuntuleka kukasawoti, okuholela ekulinganiseni ekulinganiselweni kwamanzi nosawoti, nezinkinga ekusebenzeni kwe-myocardium. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi siyini isifo sikashukela, yiziphi izimpawu zaso, izimbangela zokuthi yikuphi okufanele ukwelashwa okusebenzayo kulesi sifo.
Izizathu
Izici zokuthuthukiswa kwe-rely glycosuria yilezi:
- ukuntuleka kwemvume yamangqamuzana kashukela emalungeni amaseli;
- ukuphazamiseka enqubweni yokuthuthwa koshukela;
- ushintsho lwe-anatomical emathunjini ezinso (ukuncipha kwesisindo sabo).
Isifo sikashukela se-Renal cishe njalo siyathuthuka futhi singalapheki. Imbangela ejwayelekile ye-pathology yisici sofuzo esizalwa naso.
Lesi sifo singathinta izizukulwane ngezizukulwane futhi singatholakala kwezihlobo eziningana ngasikhathi sinye.
Izici ezinikezayo zokuvela kwesifo sikashukela se-sodium:
- izinkinga ngemithambo yegazi;
- izifo (venereal, isifo sofuba, izifo ezithinta amagciwane ngokuphefumula);
- izifo ze-autoimmune, phakathi nesikhathi lapho uhlelo lwe-tubular renal luhlaselwa khona ngamaseli avikela umzimba.
I-Congenital pathologies ye-pituitary gland kanye ne-hypothalamus nayo inomthelela ekuqubukeni kwesifo sikashukela se-sodium. Lezi zitho zinomthwalo wokuhlanganiswa kwehomoni ye-antidiuretic.
I-Neurosurgery, ukulimala, nokulimala kobuchopho kungaphazamisa ukusebenza kwe-adrenal gland, nakho okuholela ekukhuleni kwalesi sifo.
Izimpawu
Izimpawu eziphambili zesifo sikashukela sikashukela ukoma nokuchama kaningi. Ukuqina kwabo kunqunywa izinga lokulimala kwezinso.
Ngale hlobo lwesifo, i-polyuria iyaphawulwa, ebonakala ngokwanda komthamo wansuku zonke womchamo okhutshiwe. Inani elijwayelekile lomchamo lingama-4-10 amalitha, uma isimo sesiguli sishubile, khona-ke kungafinyelela kumalitha angama-30 koketshezi olungenamibala olunokuqukethwe okuncane kosawoti nezinye izinto kungathekiswa ngosuku.
Ukuchama kaningi kuholela ekuthuthukisweni kwezinye izimpawu eziningana:
- i-neurosis;
- ukuqwasha
- ukungazinzi ngokomzwelo;
- ukukhathala okungapheli.
Uma isifo sikashukela senzeka esemncane, khona-ke ngaphezu kwesithombe somtholampilo esingenhla, ezigulini ukushoda kwe-antidiuretic hormone kuhambisane nokubambezeleka nokulibaziseka.
Uma ukwelashwa kungekenziwa, khona-ke ekugcineni kwesifo, i-revis pelvis, i-ureters kanye ne-bladder iyanda. Kukhona ukugcwala kwamanzi emzimbeni, ngenxa yokuthi isisu siyacwila sishelele. Umphumela ovame ukuntuleka kokulashwa kungaba ukuqina okungapheli kwamathumbu kanye ne-bysary dyskinesia.
Ku-diabetesics, isikhumba sivame ukoma, futhi isifiso sokudla, futhi ukukhuluphala kubonakale kwisifo sikashukela i-mellitus. Bakhathazekile futhi ngekhanda, isicanucanu, ukugabha nesiyezi.
Kwabesifazane, inkambo yalesi sifo iholela ekwephuleni umjikelezo wokuya esikhathini, nakumadoda - ukwehla kwe-potency. Enye ingozi yalesi simo ukuthi uketshezi olulahlekile alubuyiswanga, ngenxa yokuthi umzimba ukhishwa amanzi, okuthi kwezinye izikhathi kuholele ekufeni.
Ukuxilonga
Ukuhlonza ushukela kasawoti, ukuxilongwa okuhlukile kanye nezifundo ezahlukahlukene kuyadingeka. Kuqala, kwenziwa i-urinalysis ukwambula ukungalingani okuhlobene nobukhulu obuphansi.
Imvamisa isiguli sinikela ngegazi ukucwaninga ngamakhemikhali. Imiphumela yayo ihlinzeka ngemininingwane yokuqoqwa kwama-sodium, potassium kanye nama-electrolyte egazi. Kodwa inzuzo yokuhlaziywa ukuthi ikuvumela ukuthi ukhombe ngokunembile ushukela we-sodium futhi ungafaki ezinye izindlela zayo.
Ukuhlolwa okwomile kwesinye isikhathi kuyenziwa. Amahora ayi-12 ngaphambi kocwaningo, isiguli senqaba uketshezi. Uma alahlekelwe isisindo aze afike ku-5%, futhi izinkomba ze-osmolarity nezokuqina zisezingeni eliphansi, khona-ke umphumela wokuhlaziywa uqondile.
I-MRI nayo ingenziwa. Inqubo enjalo yokuxilonga iqeda ukuba khona kwama-tumors ebuchosheni, lapho kukhiqizwa khona ama-antidiuretics ne-vasopressin.
Uma isithombe somtholampilo singacacile, futhi eminye imiphumela yokuhlola inganikeli ngemininingwane efanele, kwenziwa i-parenchyma biopsy yezinso.
Ngesifo sikashukela se-sodium, azikho izinguquko zokuziphatha.
Ukwelapha
Akunandaba noma yiziphi izici zokubonakala kwalesi sifo, ukwelashwa kwaso kususelwa ezinhlotsheni eziningana. Ekuqaleni, kuyadingeka ukwelashwa okubuyisela esikhundleni, lapho kusetshenziswa khona i-antidiuretic hormone.
Izidakamizwa zithathwa ngomlomo noma zifakwe ekhaleni. Izindlela zingabuye futhi zinikezwe ukusiza ukukhuthaza ukucashuka kwamahomoni.
Enye into ebalulekile yokwelashwa okuphumelelayo ukubuyiselwa kwemali esele kasawoti. Ngale njongo, isixazululo se-saline sifakwa emzimbeni wesiguli sisebenzisa i-dropper.
Ingxenye ebalulekile yokwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela sikashukela kungukudla komtholampilo. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinso eligulayo aligcini ngokweqile, kubalulekile ukulandela indlela yokudla esekelwe ekudleni okuncane kokudla kwamaprotheni.
Kodwa-ke, kuyadingeka ukulawula inani lama-carbohydrate namafutha adliwe. Okumqoka kufanele kube izithelo nemifino.
Ungacima ukoma kwakho hhayi kuphela ngamanzi ahlanzekile, kodwa nangamajusi wemvelo, iziphuzo zezithelo nama-compotes. Futhi ikhofi, isoda, utshwala nosawoti kufanele kulahlwe.
Uma lesi sifo siqhamuke ngesizinda sezifo ezithelelanayo, khona-ke ukwelashwa ngama-anti antiviral and antibacterial agents kubalulekile. Kodwa-ke, izidakamizwa ezilwa nokuvuvukala zingabekwa. Kodwa-ke, ukulondolozwa kwe-insulin kwama-pancreatic akufanele kuphele ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.
Uma imbangela yesifo sikashukela sezinso ukukhiqizwa kwesimila ku-hypothalamus kanye ne-pituitary gland, khona-ke ukwelashwa okuhlinzwa kwenziwa. Lapho lesi sifo singumphumela wokulimala kobuchopho obuhlungu, kuyadingeka ukwelashwa okubuyisanayo.
Ukuvimbela ukukhula kwesifo sikashukela kasawoti, kufanele ubheke njalo ushukela, ama-triglycerides, i-cholesterol egazini futhi ulinganise umfutho wegazi njalo usebenzisa i-tonometer. Kubalulekile ukuthi izinkomba zayo zingaphansi kuka-130/80.
Okungenani kanye ngonyaka, ukuhlolwa kwezinso kufanele kwenziwe. Kunconywa futhi ukwenza ukwelashwa ngokomzimba, ukubhukuda, i-athletics noma ukuhamba ngebhayisikile Kule vidiyo ekulesi sihloko, uchwepheshe uzokhuluma ngokuthi izinso nesifo sikashukela zixhumene kanjani.
