Ukukhiqizwa kwe-insulin ye-hormone kudlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu empilweni yabantu. Ukuxineka, ukudla okungenampilo kanye nokuntuleka kokuzivocavoca okulinganiselayo kungandisa kakhulu ingozi yokungasebenzi kahle kohlelo lwe-endocrine luphelele kanye namanyikwe. Lapho umuntu esemdala, maningi amathuba okuthola isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2.
Kungakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi amazinga kashukela egazi emadodeni, ngoba ngokwezibalo ze-WHO, bathambekele kakhulu kushukela, ngemuva kweminyaka yobudala engama-50. Uma uthola inkinga ngesikhathi futhi uthintane nodokotela ovumelanisa ne-endocrinologist ukuthola ukwelashwa okufanelekile esikhathini esizayo, ungakwenza ngaphandle kwemijovo ye-insulin.
Uma kwenzeka ubonakala ngezimpawu ezithile, ezizokuchazwa ngezansi, kufanele uthinte isikhungo sezokwelapha ngokushesha ukuze uhlole izinga likashukela wegazi. Okulandelayo incazelo yezimpawu, isilinganiselo esivumelekile soshukela sowesilisa oneminyaka engamashumi amahlanu naneminyaka engama-60, nezindlela zokuzilawula ziyabhekwa.
ISymbomatology
Ukuze izinga likashukela wegazi lamukeleke kuma-50, uhlelo lwe-endocrine kumele lukhiqize inani elifanele le-insulin ye-hormone.
Futhi kwenzeka ukuthi ama-pancreas asebenza ngokujwayelekile futhi akhiqizwa yi-insulin, kodwa inkinga ukuthi amaseli womzimba awakuboni.
Izimpawu zokuqalwa kwesifo sikashukela ngemuva kweminyaka engama-51 kuya phezulu zimi ngalendlela elandelayo:
- ukukhathala;
- umbono onciphile;
- ukoma
- umoya omubi;
- isethi ebukhali noma ukunciphisa umzimba;
- ngisho amanxeba amancane awapholi kahle;
- ukujuluka
- ukuphuma kwezinsini njalo.
Uma okungenani eyodwa yezimpawu ezingenhla ibonwa, khona-ke kufanele uthintane nodokotela wakho we-endocrinologist ukuthatha izivivinyo ezifanele. Ngemuva kwakho konke, isifo singenzeka ngaphandle kwezimpawu eziphawuliwe futhi unyaka, noma ngisho ezimbili, kepha sibange ukulimala okungalingani empilweni yabantu, siphazamise umsebenzi wayo yonke imisebenzi yomzimba.
Vele, ungalinganisa ushukela wegazi futhi ekhaya nge-glucometer (igazi lithathwe emunweni), uma likhona. Kepha kungcono ukubonana nodokotela ukuthola amasampula egazi kusuka kumthambo - lokhu kuhlaziya kuzoba kunembe kakhudlwana futhi kuzokhishwa futhi uchwepheshe wakhe wezokwelapha, uma kunikezwe umlando wesiguli. Ukulinganisa ushukela akuvunyelwe ngemuva kokudla.
Ekuhlaziyeni kokuqala, isiguli kufanele siyithathe kuphela esiswini esingenalutho.
Ukusebenza okujwayelekile
Imvamisa yoshukela wegazi emadodeni emva kweminyaka engama-50 ayihlukile nhlobo kuzinkomba ngisho nasekhule kakhulu iminyaka, ngokwesibonelo, eneminyaka engama-55, noma ngisho naku-60. Ithebula elingezansi libonisa lapho ushukela wegazi uphakathi kobubanzi obamukelekayo.
Lapho kudluliswa ukuhlaziywa kokuqala, amadoda aneminyaka engu-52 nangaphezulu adinga ukucubungula esiswini esingenalutho, futhi isidlo sokugcina kufanele sibe okungenani amahora angama-9 edlule. Udokotela unikeza isampula yegazi elibuhlungu. Izinga elivumelekile lisuka ku-3.9 mmol / L liye ku-5.6 mmol / L. Ukudluliselwa kunganikezwa nokuhlolwa kwegazi ngemuva kokudla, okungenani amahora amabili kufanele kudlule ngemuva kokudla. Lapha inkomba izoba ngaphezulu futhi lokhu kujwayelekile, ngoba umzimba ugaya ukudla, kanye nama-carbohydrate adakiwe. Izinga likashukela wegazi elijwayelekile ngaphansi kwalezi zimo lisuka ku-4.1 mmol / L liye ku-8.2 mmol / L.
Kukhona futhi inqubo yokuhlaziya engahleliwe. Kwenziwa usuku lonke, noma ngabe ukudla kudliwe yini isiguli. Uma i-pancreas isebenza ngokujwayelekile, khona-ke ukuqoqwa koshukela egazini kukubanzi ukusuka ku-4.1 mmol / L kuya ku-7.1 mmol / L.
Umphakathi wezazi ze-endocrinologists uthathe amazinga ajwayelekile akhombisa isifo sikashukela noma i-prediabetes emadodeni aneminyaka engama-50 kuye kwengu-54, kanye nangesikhathi seminyaka engu-56 - 59. Imvamisa, eqenjini lobudala besibili, ukuguquguquka kungandiswa kube ngu-0,2 mmol / L.
Isifo sikashukela yisimo somuntu lapho ebekwa eqenjini eliyingozi lokuthola isifo sikashukela esincike ku-insulin ngenxa yezinkomba zoshukela wegazi. Abantu abaningi bayazibuza, yini le nto evamile yeshukela kwabanesifo sikashukela kanye ne-prediabetes eneminyaka engama-53 nengama-57 ubudala? Impendulo ilula - izinkomba ezifanayo zamukeleka isikhathi esiyiminyaka engama-50-60.
Ngezansi kwezinkomba zikashukela wegazi, kucatshangelwa ukuhlaziya ngomthwalo. Kusho ukuthathwa kweshukela, okuthengiswa kunoma yiliphi ikhemisi. Okokuqala, owesilisa uthatha isivivinyo esiswini esingenalutho, abese ephuza ushukela, kuthi ngemuva kwamahora amabili, abuye futhi avivinye. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ubone isithombe esiphelele somtholampilo wamanyikwe.
Lokhu okulandelayo izinkomba ezijwayelekile:
- i-prediabetes: 5.55 - 6.94 mmol / l, ngesikhathi sokulayisha 7.78 - 11.06 mmol / l;
- isifo sikashukela, ngemuva kokulethwa kokuhlaziywa esiswini esingenalutho: sisuka ku-7.0 mmol / l nangaphezulu, ngomthwalo we-11.1 mmol / l;
- ushukela ojwayelekile ekutadisheni kwe-arterial igazi - ukusuka ku-3.5 mmol / l kuya ku-5.5 mmol / l;
- amanani ashukela ajwayelekile wesampula yegazi yama-venous - 6.1 mmol / l, amanani aphezulu akhombisa i-prediabetes.
Esimweni lapho isiguli sisola ukuthi isilinganiso sikashukela asizange senziwe kahle, noma uma yena uqobo engazange alandele imithetho yokulungiselela ukuhlaziya, kungcono ukuthi siphinde siyisebenzise. Uma ukuxilongwa kwe-prediabetes kwenziwa, akunasidingo ukuthi kufanele kunganakwa. Ngempela, ukuntuleka kokwelashwa kanye nokungahambisani nemiyalelo kadokotela kuzobandakanya ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo sikashukela esincike ku-insulin.
Yini engahlanekezela isithombe somtholampilo sokuhlaziywa
Umzimba womuntu uzwela kakhulu izinto eziningi zangaphandle, futhi lapho uphasa isivivinyo sikashukela, udinga ukubheka ukuthi ezinye zazo zingasonta isithombe somtholampilo. Ukuxineka, ukuphuza utshwala kwakamuva kanye nezifo ezithile kuthinta ukukhiqizwa okufanele kwe-insulin.
Uma esinye salezi zifo sikhona, khona-ke lokhu kuthinta ngqo ushukela wegazi:
- isifo sohlangothi;
- ukushaya kwenhliziyo;
- I-Itsenko-Cushing's syndrome;
- insulinoma.
Lesi sifo sakamuva siyivelakancane, sibonwa kubantu abaseminyakeni engama-53. I-insulinoma isimila esivusa ukukhiqizwa ngokweqile kwe-insulin, izinkomba zisukela ku-2.9 mmol / L.
Umthetho oyinhloko lapho uthatha isivivinyo sikashukela ukuthi isidlo sokugcina kufanele sibe okungenani amahora angama-8 edlule.
Ekuseni, kwenqatshelwe ukuthatha noma yiziphi iziphuzo, ngaphandle kwamanzi.
Izindlela zokuvimbela
Ukugcina umzimba usesimweni esinempilo, udinga ukuhola impilo esebenzayo futhi udle ngendlela efanele. Lokhu kuyisihluthulelo sempumelelo kanye nokuvinjelwa kwesifo sikashukela. Noma isiguli sineminyaka engama-58 ubudala, asikho isidingo sokwenqaba ukwelashwa ngokomzimba. Kuyasiza ekutholeni kancane ushukela egazini. Ungaphendukela ekuhambeni ngezinyawo emoyeni omusha, okungenani imizuzu engama-45 ngosuku, nsuku zonke. Kuyafaneleka futhi ukucubungula izinketho ezifana nokubhukuda nokuhambahamba.
Ukondliwa okufanelekile kuyingxenye yokuqala nebaluleke kakhulu yokuvimbela isifo sikashukela sohlobo 2. Futhi lapho wenza ukuxilongwa, isiguli kufanele silandele yonke imithetho yokudla futhi sinamathele kuhlu lwemikhiqizo evunyelwe udokotela. Ukudla kufanele kube nama-carbohydrate amancane. Mayelana nemikhiqizo kafulawa, amaswidi, okunamafutha kanye nokuthosiwe kufanelekhohlwe unomphela.
Kwenzeka ukuthi ngobudala, ngokuvamile emva kweminyaka engama-57, umuntu uqala ukhula kancane, futhi minyaka yonke isibalo esikalini sikhuphuka. Njengoba sekufakazelwe odokotela, abantu abakhuluphele banesifo sikashukela kaningi kakhulu kunabalingani babo abancane. Ngakho-ke, ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kudinga ukulwa, ngoba isifo sikashukela nokukhuluphala "kuyindawo eyingozi kakhulu" yomakhelwane.
Akunakusho ukuthi ungenza umzimba ulambe - lokhu kudala ukuthi kugxume ushukela wegazi, kodwa futhi awukwazi ukudla ngokweqile. Kuyadingeka ukulinganisela ekudleni futhi ukuhlukanise ekudleni okuyi-5 - 6, okungcono ngasikhathi sinye. Lo mthetho uzosiza umzimba ukuthi ukhiqize i-insulin, futhi futhi uthuthukise ukusebenza kwepheshana lesisu.
Konke ukudla akufanele kube namafutha, lokhu kuyasebenza nasemikhiqizweni yobisi - ukhilimu omuncu, ushizi. UButter manje uvinjelwe. I-kefir enamafutha amancane iyoba isidlo sakusihlwa esihle kakhulu, kodwa hhayi ngaphezulu kwama-300 ml ngosuku. Yenyama enconyelwe inkukhu, asikho isikhumba, kwesinye isikhathi ungadla inyama ebunjiweyo.
Konke ukudla kubilisiwe noma kuboshiwe. Izitsha ezinosawoti eziningi, ezibhemayo nezihlotshisiwe zizokhulisa kakhulu inkomba kashukela, kanye nokudla ezinye okusanhlamvu, okufana nelayisi ne-semolina.
Kuyadingeka ukukhulisa ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi amsulwa, okungenani amalitha ama-2 ngosuku. Amajusi neziphuzo ezinekhabhoni akuvunyelwe kuzo zombili isifo sikashukela nesifo sikashukela. Uma kunesifiso esinamandla sokuphuza ujusi, khona-ke kufanele kuxutshwe ngesilinganiso esingu-1 kuya ku-3, kodwa hhayi ngaphezu kwama-75 ml womkhiqizo omsulwa.
Utshwala buhlala bungaphansi kokuvinjelwa okuphelele; kufanele futhi uzame ukuqeda umlutha we-nicotine.
Uma indoda inesifo sikashukela, noma i-prediabetes, khona-ke ungaphendukela emithini yamakhambi - ukusetshenziswa kwama-decoctions asuselwa kumakhambi okwelapha. Kuyadingeka kuphela ukukhumbula ukuthi kusukela ngesikhathi sokubhaliswa ne-endocrinologist, isiguli siphoqelekile ukuba simazise ngokufakwa kokudla okusha neziphuzo ekudleni, uma lokho kungafakwanga ohlwini lokuvunyelwa.
Umuthi wabantu
Ama-pods obhontshisi kade kwaziwa ngezakhiwo zawo zokuphilisa kushukela. Konke lokhu kuchazwa yiqiniso lokuthi ama-pods aqukethe amaprotheni afanayo ngesakhiwo namaprotheni yemifino. Futhi i-insulin nayo iyiprotheni.
Ukulungiswa okufanele kwama-decoctions kusuka emabhonteni obhontshisi kanye nokudla kwawo kungagcina amazinga evamile kashukela afinyelela emahoreni angama-7. Vele ungavivinyi, futhi wenqabe umjovo we-insulin, usebenzisa i-decoction esikhundleni salokho.
Ukwelapha ukuthatha i-decoction kukude - isigamu sonyaka. Ngemuva kwalesi sikhathi, umphumela uzabonakala. Iresiphi imi kanje: in a blender, pods omisiwe ubhontshisi kuyachotshozwa ke ukuvumelana powder. Amagremu angama-55 womkhiqizo ophumayo athululelwa ku-thermos futhi agcwaliswe ngo-400 ml wamanzi abilayo. Phikelela amahora ayi-12. Isikimu sokwamukelwa - imizuzu engama-20 ngaphambi kokudla, kathathu ngosuku. Ividiyo ekulesi sihloko izonikeza imininingwane ngezimpawu zokuqala zesifo sikashukela.
