Izinkinga zokutheleleka zivame kakhulu kubantu abanesifo sikashukela. Kuyadingeka ukuthi uhlanganyele ekwelashweni kwe-antimicrobial ngesikhathi ukuze ufulathele ngokushesha ukugxila kwe-pathological. Abantu abaningi banesifiso sokuthi yimaphi ama-antibiotics akhonjiswa ukuthi asetshenziswe kushukela.
Kumele kucaciswe ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwaleli qembu lemithi kufanele kube ngaphansi kokuqashwa udokotela kanye nemvume yakhe. Ukwanda koshukela wegazi kwenza ushintsho enkambweni ejwayelekile ye-metabolism. Ezimweni eziningi, imishanguzo esetshenziselwa isifo sikashukela ikhombisa umphumela ongalindelekile emzimbeni.
Ukusetshenziswa kwemithi elwa namagciwane kungadala ukusabela okumi kahle. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi imiphi imishanguzo okufanele ithathwe nalesi sifo, ukuze unganyuki amazinga kashukela egazini.
Izinhlobo zesifo sikashukela
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zesifo sikashukela. Uhlobo lokuqala lwesifo luhlotshaniswa nokuswelakala kwe-insulin, kukhiqizwa inani elanele. Uhlobo 1 sikashukela lubhaliswe ku-10-15% weziguli.
Ama-pancreas analesi sifo awahambisani nomsebenzi wawo, inani le-synthesised hormone alicubunguli inani elingenayo le-glucose, futhi ushukela wegazi uyakhuphuka. Lolu hlobo lwesifo sikashukela ludinga ukwelashwa kwe-insulin.
Ngohlobo 2 lwesifo sikashukela, inani elanele le-insulin likhiqizwa emzimbeni, kwesinye isikhathi lidlula ngisho nelibi. Kodwa-ke, i-hormone icishe ibe yize, ngoba izicubu zomzimba zilahlekelwa umuzwa wazo kuyo.
Uma kunohlobo lwesibili lwesifo, khona-ke i-insulin isetshenziswa ezimweni ezingandile, kuphela ngenkambo eyinkimbinkimbi ngokungasebenzi kwezinye izidakamizwa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona "isifo sikashukela esidala", esinganqunywa kuphela ngokusebenzisa ukuhlaziywa okukhethekile. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho:
- ukukhuluphala
- ifa elibi
- ukhuluphele lapho uzalwa (kusuka ku-4 kg noma ngaphezulu).
Ukusebenzelana kwama-antibhiliya kanye nomzimba wesifo sikashukela
Isifo sikashukela nemithi elwa namagciwane kungasebenza kahle, kepha ngaphambi kokusebenzisa izidakamizwa, udinga ukutadisha bonke ubungozi obukhona kulezi zimo.
Ukusetshenziswa kwama-antibiotic akukhuthazwanga:
- inkambo ebolile yesifo,
- ukuguga
- kwakha izinkinga ezephuze lesi sifo,
- ama-micro and macroangiopathies, nephro- kanye ne-neuropathies, kanye ne-retinopathy,
- ubude besifo bungaphezu kweminyaka eyi-10,
- ushintsho emsebenzini wezinto ezithile zomzimba wokuzivikela komzimba, ngokwesibonelo, ukwehla komsebenzi we-neutrophils, chemotaxis ne-phagocytosis.
Lapho udokotela ebheka wonke ama-nuances, ubeka ngokunembile umuthi ongakhuphulisi ushukela egazini, ovimbela imiphumela emibi eminingi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukukhumbula la maphuzu:
Imithi ehlukahlukene yesifo sikashukela ayithinti ngokulinganayo ukusebenza kwezidakamizwa ze-hypoglycemic. Okusho ukuthi, ama-antibiotics angawushintsha umphumela kusuka kumatafula kanye nemijovo eyehlisa ushukela we-serum.
Ama-Macrolides nama-sulfonamides avimbela ama-enzyme abhekene nokuqhekeka kwezinto zezidakamizwa. Ngenxa yalokhu, ama-ejenti amaningi asebenzayo angena egazini, futhi isikhathi nomphumela uyanda. Isibonelo, i-Rifampicin, yehlisa imiphumela yezidakamizwa ze-hypoglycemic.
I-Microangiopathy iholela ku-sclerosis yemikhumbi emincane. Lokhu kusho ukuthi udinga ukuqala imishanguzo yegciwane ngemijovo ye-intravenous, hhayi ngomsipha, njengenjwayelo. Kuphela uma umzimba ugcotshwe ngethamo elifanele ungashintshela kwimithi yomlomo.
Izinkinga zokutheleleka ziyinkinga evamile kubantu abanesifo sikashukela.
Lapho kunqunywa ukwelashwa okulimazekayo kwezifo ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela, ukusebenzisana kwalezi zidakamizwa ngemithi enciphisa ushukela kufanele kubhekwe.
Ama-Microorganisms ayakwazi ukuthelela noma iyiphi ingxenye yomzimba. Njengoba wazi, kuvame ukuhlupheka:
- isikhumba
- uhlelo lomchamo
- ipheshana lokuphefumula eliphansi.
Izifo ze-urinary tract
Ukutheleleka okunjalo kuchazwa ngokwakhiwa kwe-nephropathy. Izinso azikwazi ukubhekana ngokuphelele nemisebenzi yazo futhi amagciwane ahlasela ngokushesha zonke izakhiwo zalolu hlelo.
Izibonelo ze-UTI zinganikezwa:
- I-Pyelonephritis,
- Izicubu ze-perinephric adipose tis,
- I-cystitis
- I-papillary necrosis.
Ama-antibiotic wesifo sikashukela kuleli cala anqunywe ngokusekelwe kwimigomo ethile. Ngakho-ke, ithuluzi akufanele libe nenqwaba yezenzo zokwelashwa kokuqala okunamandla. Lapho i-ejenti ye-causative ingaziwa kahle, kusetshenziswa i-fluoroquinolones nama-cephalosporins.
Ikakhulu, i-Augmentin isetshenziselwa ukwelapha i-sinusitis, inyumoniya, isikhumba kanye nokulimala kwezifo zomchamo. I-Augmentin ibhekisa kuma-penicillin ama-antibiotic ahlangana ne-amooticillin ne-potasium clavulanate.
I-Augmentin ibekezelelwa kahle futhi inobuthi obuphansi obujwayelekile kuwo wonke ama-penicillin. Uma uphuza umuthi isikhathi eside, udinga ukuhlaziya ngezikhathi ezithile isimo okwakhiwa ngalo igazi, izinso nesibindi.
Umuthi ungavusa ukungezwani komzimba, okungathandeki kakhulu ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela. Ngakho-ke, udokotela, ngaphambi kokuchaza umuthi, kufanele ahlaziye ngokuphelele ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukuthi kusetshenziswe kuleli cala.
Isikhathi sokwelashwa kwezinhlobo ezinzima zama-UTIs cishe isikhathi esiphindwe kabili njengokujwayelekile. I-cystitis yelashwa cishe izinsuku ezingama-8, i-pyelonephritis - amasonto amathathu. Uma umuntu ekhula kahle i-nephropathy, udinga ukubheka njalo ukusebenza kwezinso. Ngalezi zinhloso, kuyadingeka ukukala imvume ye-creatinine, kanye nesilinganiso sokuhlunga kwe-glomerular.
Uma umphumela we-antibiotic esetshenzisiwe ungabonwa, kufanele uguqulwe.
Ukutheleleka kwesikhumba nezicubu ezithambile
Imisipha yalolu hlobo imvamisa yenzeka ngesimo se:
- i-fasciitis
- i-carbuncle
- furunculosis,
- isifo sikashukela sonyawo sikashukela.
Okokuqala, ukuze ususe izimpawu, udinga ukwenze i-glycemia kube ngokwejwayelekile. Uma ukuhlolwa koshukela kungagculisi, khona-ke lokhu kuholela ekuqhubekeni kwesifo kanye nokuncipha kwenqubo yokuvuselelwa kwezicubu ezithambile.
Abantu abanesifo sikashukela bangahlakulela i-mucorosis, ebhekwa njengokutheleleka komoya okubulalayo. Ukuvela kwenqubo yokutheleleka, njengomthetho, kwenzeka emgodleni wamakhala, kodwa bese kusakazekela ebuchosheni nasemehlweni.
Ukwelashwa kwezifo ezivamile zokukhunta kuhlanganisa ukuthatha imishanguzo ye-antifungal.
Imigomo eyengeziwe yokwelashwa yile:
- ukuphumula njalo nokulayisha umthwalo olimele (uma unyawo selunikezwa ukwelashwa),
- ukusetshenziswa kwama-antimicrobials aqinile. Ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ama-penicillin avikelekile, ama-carbapenems, ama-cephalosporins wesizukulwane sesithathu. Umuthi wakhethwa ngokuya ngokuzwela kwe-pathogen kuwo kanye nezimpawu zesiguli. Inkambo yokwelashwa ihlala okungenani amasonto amabili,
- izinqubo zokuhlinzwa: ukususwa kwezicubu ezifile noma ukukhipha imfucumfucu yezindawo ezine-purulent,
- ukuqapha okuqhubekayo kwemisebenzi ebalulekile. Ngokusakazeka kwenqubo, kungadingeka ukuthi unqume umlenze.
Ukuvela kokulunywa kwesikhumba yindawo okuhlala kuyo isifo sikashukela. Isikhumba se-Itchy singabangelwa yizizathu ezahlukahlukene, isibonelo:
- ukuhamba kwegazi okungekuhle
- isikhumba esomile
- ukutheleleka kwegwele.
Ngokugeleza kwegazi okunganele, ukuqubuka kwesikhumba ezinyaweni nasemlenzeni ophansi kungaqala.
Noma ngubani onesifo sikashukela angavimbela ukulunywa yisikhumba. Udinga ukusebenzisa okhilimu kanye nama-lotions ukufambisa isikhumba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho ugeza, sebenzisa insipho emnene kuphela.
Ukuze ugweme ubungozi bokutheleleka kwesikhumba, kuyadingeka ukuhola indlela efanele futhi unamathele ekudleni okwelaphayo.
Izifo zamapheshana wokuphefumula
Funa usizo lwezokwelashwa ngokushesha uma:
- izinga lokushisa eliphakeme, elingancedi,
- kanye nokushisa kukhona ukufushane komoya kanye nokuphefumula komoya,
- isidingo sokuphuza njalo
- kukhona i-ketoacidosis,
- kwehle ngokumangazayo isisindo somzimba
- kukhona ukulahleka kokungazi, imisindo,
- isifo sohudo noma ukugabha kubonakala ngaphezulu kwamahora ayi-6,
- Isibonakaliso sesifo asihambi, kepha siyanda njalo,
- izinga likashukela wegazi lingaphezu kuka-17 mmol / l.
Imithi elwa namagciwane esifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 nge-bronchitis noma i-pneumonia ichazwa ngokuya ngohlelo olujwayelekile lwesivumelwano somtholampilo esihlanganisiwe. Udinga ukuqala ngama-penicillin avikelekile, bese ugxila enhlalakahleni yesiguli. Kuyadingeka ukwenza uhlelo lokuhlaziya amaphaphu nge-x-ray. Faka isicelo sokwelashwa okubonakalayo okwengeziwe.
Abantu abanesifo sikashukela bangathatha nemithi ebandayo ngaphandle kokuthola udokotela. Kepha kubalulekile ukuthi uqiniseke ukuthi ukwakheka kwayo akuphezulu kushukela. Ngokusebenzisa noma yimuphi umuthi, kubalulekile ukufunda imiyalo kusengaphambili, ekhombisa inani ngqo likashukela kulo muthi.
Abantu abanesifo sikashukela akufanele badle ama-syrups ashukela amnandi namaconsi ekhwehlela. Kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi ubheke amagama athi "ushukela mahhala", noma ngabe umuthi uhambisana ne-antibiotic. Kwezinye izimo, umuthi we-herbal wesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 ungaba ngenye indlela.
Ngomfutho wegazi ophakeme, kubalulekile ukugwema izidakamizwa eziqukethe ama-decongestants, akhulisa umfutho wegazi.
Ukunquma izidakamizwa ze-antibacterial zesifo sikashukela kudinga ukunakekelwa kanye nezinga lochwepheshe kusuka kudokotela. I-Microbes ihlasela iziguli ngesifo sikashukela, ngakho-ke kufanele ucabange ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa ezahlukahlukene kanye nama-probiotic ukuvimbela ukufa kwe-microflora emzimbeni. Le ndlela izonciphisa ubungozi bemiphumela emibi emithini enolaka kakhulu. Ividiyo ekulesi sihloko iqhubeka nengqikithi yokunakekelwa kwesifo sikashukela.
