Izilonda zomlenze ezinesifo sikashukela ziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ye-pathology. Akhula njengomphumela wokungasebenzi kahle kwemiphetho yezinzwa ohlelweni lwangaphakathi lwezinzwa. Babizwa ngokuthi yi-neuropathy yesifo sikashukela.
Izilonda zesifo sikashukela zibonakala ngomonakalo ojulile we-epithelium noma ulwelwesi olungaphansi, ngenkathi zenzeka ngokumelene nesizinda sezinqubo zokuvuvukala. Lokhu kugula kuyizici zokulahleka kwezicubu emilenzeni. Ngemuva kokubuyiselwa, ifomu lesikhafu noma isibazi esikhunjeni.
Ngaphandle kokuthuthuka kwezokwelapha zesimanje, ukwelashwa kwezilonda zezimpawu ezinesifo sikashukela kuyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi futhi enzima. Njengoba kunesifo kumaseli wezicubu, kunokuphazamiseka kwezinqubo zokudla okunempilo - i-trophic.
Ngokuphikisana nesizinda se-pathology, umsebenzi wesithintelo wemvelo wehla, ngakho-ke ukululama kuthatha isikhathi eside. Kungakho enye yezinhlobo ezinzima kakhulu zalesi sifo yizilonda ezikhuluphele kushukela.
Kuyadingeka ukuthi ucabangele ukuthi ungazilapha kanjani izilonda eziyizidlakudla zamaphethelo aphansi, yiziphi izigaba zokwelashwa kwezidakamizwa, futhi lapho ukuhlinzwa kudingekile? Yimuphi umuthi wendabuko ozosiza ukubhekana nale nkinga?
Isifo somlenze wesifo sikashukela
I-pathology efana nesifo sikashukela mellitus ibonakala ngezinkinga eziningi ezahlukahlukene. Izilonda zomlenze kwisifo sikashukela yizinkinga ezinzima kunazo zonke okunzima ukuzelapha.
Lokhu kudalwa kwengqondo kudala ingozi ngoba kuvezwa izifo ezahlukahlukene, futhi ukungayinaki inkinga kungaholela ekwandeni okukhulu kwesimo - i-gangrene in sikashukela mellitus, bese sinqunywa iziphetho.
Ngenxa yokuthi ngesikhathi lesi sifo amaseli okuphelelwa izinzwa afa, ama-engela aphansi alahlekelwa ukuzwela kwawo okugcwele. Futhi kulula ukuzizwa, uma umuntu onesifo sikashukela edlulisa isandla sakhe phezu komlenze wakhe, lapho-ke kuzoba kubanda.
Isifo sikashukela sesifo sikashukela senzeka ngezizathu eziningi. Izici ezicatshangelwe ze-pathology ezinje yilezi ezilandelayo: ushintsho lwe-pathological emithanjeni yegazi, ukuphazamiseka kwe-innervation, kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwezinto ezimbili.
Izilonda ze-Trophic emilenzeni zingenzeka ngenxa yokonakala kwesikhumba: i-abrasion, corns, burns, microtrauma nokunye.
Ngohlobo 2 sikashukela, ukuthuthukiswa kwezilonda eziyizidudla kwenzeka ngokulandelana okulandelayo:
- Esigabeni sokuqala (isigaba sokuqala), ukuzwela kwemikhawulo engezansi kuyancipha, izinga lokushisa labo, ingcindezi iyashintsha. Kwesinye isikhathi kuba nemizwa emincane ebuhlungu endaweni yonyawo nemilenze (ukudonsa, ukulunywa). Ukwehla komzimba kuyabonakala ezinyaweni nasemlenzeni ophansi, isithende siyaphuthuma, kunzima ukusukela kuso.
- Esigabeni sesibili, endaweni yokulimala kwemicroscopic kanye nemifantu, kwakheka ukushiyeka kwesikhumba okungapholi isikhathi eside, futhi indawo ye-lesion iqala ukwanda ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
- Isigaba sesithathu siphawulwa ubukhona bezimpawu ezinzima. Kuvela amaphutha abhubhisa ungqimba lwesikhumba. Amanxeba aqala ukopha, ngokungena kokutheleleka, izinhlayiya ze-purulent ziyabonakala. Akunasifo sobuhlungu obukhulu, kepha amanxeba ayanda ngosayizi.
- Esigabeni sesine, lesi sifo siqala ukukhula ngokushesha. Amanxeba aba yi-purulent, izinga lokushisa lomzimba liyakhuphuka, isiguli siqhaqhazele, isifo sezinhlungu siyanda.
- Esigabeni sokugcina, kutholakala ukuthi kukhona i-gangrene.
Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi unyaka ngemuva kwesifo sikashukela esibolile, ukubonakaliswa kwezifo zezilonda ezinesifo sikashukela kuvela ngo-50% wamacala we-pathologies.
Ukwelashwa kwesifo sikashukela
Ukwelashwa kwezilonda ezindexekile emilenzeni onesifo sikashukela kunezimpawu zayo. Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukuqedwa kwezimpawu ze-pathology kuphela kuyindlela engasebenzi.
Konke ukwelashwa, okunconywe udokotela oholayo, kuhloswe ngalo ukwelapha i-pathology engaphansi. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukugcina ushukela wegazi ezingeni elidingakalayo ukuze ususe izilonda zohlobo 2 sikashukela.
Ngokuqondene nokwelashwa kwemithi yabantu ekhaya, ngeke kusize. Inqubo yokwelashwa kufanele yenziwe ngendlela eyinkimbinkimbi, futhi ifaka izici eziningi, ezisukela kwezidakamizwa ukuze kulondolozwe ushukela wegazi ezingeni elidingekayo, futhi iphele ngokuvuselela izinqubo zokutakula.
Ukwelashwa kwezilonda ezindexekile ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela kuqukethe lezi zinyathelo ezilandelayo:
- Ukulungiswa kwe-glucose emzimbeni.
- Thuthukisa inqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi emikhawulweni ephansi.
- Linganisa izinqubo zesimo esithathelwanayo.
- Isisusa sokuvuselelwa kwezicubu.
Isigaba ngasinye sinezimpawu zaso, futhi lapho uthola umphumela oyifunayo ngesigaba esisodwa, ungaqhubeka nokwelashwa okulandelayo.
Kuyafaneleka ukusho futhi ukuthi eminye imishanguzo njenge-monotherapy ngeke ibhekane nenkinga, noma kunjalo, ingasetjenziswa njengokwelashwa okulekelela ukusheshisa inqubo yokutakula.
Ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa kuyindlela yokwelashwa eguquguqukayo esetshenziselwa izimo ezimbi kakhulu lapho kudingekile ukuthi kudlule izicubu ezifile.
Kulokhu, kusetshenziswa izindlela kuphela zokungenelela ezithambile ukuze zingathinti izicubu ezisebenzayo.
Ukwelashwa ngezigaba
Ukwelapha isilonda kubandakanya ukuqinisa ushukela wegazi ezingeni elidingakalayo. Ezigulini ezinjalo, ushukela akufanele wedlule amayunithi ayi-6. Kulokhu, kunconywa ukudla okunempilo Uma ngabe ihlinzeka ngomphumela oyifunayo wokuwelapha, khona-ke ukwelashwa okukhethekile kwesifo sikashukela kuyenziwa.
Kunezidakamizwa eziningi ezandisa ukuzwela kwamangqamuzana kuyi-hormone (insulin). Nikeza izidakamizwa uSiofor, iGlucofage. Noma kunqunyelwe imali ebangela ukukhiqizwa okukhuphukile kwehomoni (amaphilisi weManinil).
Lapho umsebenzi wesigaba sokuqala sokulashwa kwezidakamizwa uqeda, ungaqhubeka esigabeni sesibili. Ukwengeza izici zokuvuselelwa kwezicubu ezithambile zomlenze naphansi, kukhuthaza ukwelashwa kwe-vascular:
- I-Algofin (i-ointment) inikeza umphumela we-antimicrobial, isebenza kuphela ezigabeni zokuqala ze-pathology.
- I-Acetylsalicylic acid, enomphumela we-antiplatelet.
- Ama-Vasodilators anconyiwe - i-Curantil.
- Uma imbangela yalesi sifo ibi-ischemia ebukhali, khona-ke uClexane (low-density heparin) unqunyelwe izilonda ezinesifo sikashukela.
Ukwelashwa kwezilonda ezinesifo sikashukela esigabeni sesithathu kuqukethe ukususa izicubu ezifile ukunciphisa amathuba okusabalala kwezifo nokukhula kwezinqubo zokuhlanza, kanye nokumisa ukungabi nasici kwezilonda.
Uma isilonda sinesilinganiso esincane emlenzeni ongezansi noma ezinzwaneni, khona-ke kufanele siphathwe ngama-antiseptic agents (isixazululo, ukhilimu noma i-balm). Kulesi simo, kwenqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukusebenzisa iziphuzo zotshwala, ezifaka isandla ekucasuleni isilonda.
Kuvunyelwe ukufaka izisombululo zotshwala ekwelapheni indawo ezungeze isilonda. Izilonda ze-Trophic kushukela kufanele zigezwe ngamakhambi anamanzi wezidakamizwa i-Chlorhexidine, Miramistin. Le nqubo yenziwa kanye njalo ezinsukwini ezimbili kuya kwezintathu.
Uma inqubo yokutheleleka isihlanganile, khona-ke kunqunywa imishanguzo yokulwa namagciwane. Kulokhu, izidakamizwa ezinemithelela ebanzi ezahlukahlukene ziyanconywa.
Ukushesha kokuvuselelwa kwezicubu kunezimpawu zayo:
- Uma isilonda se-trophic kushukela sinezicubu eziningi ezifile, khona-ke singalashwa ngama-enzyme e-proteinolytic (Trypsin).
- Ungafaka amafutha okugcoba izilonda ezisesiphakathini, okubizwa ngeLevosin. Ukugqoka okunomuthi onjalo kusheshisa ukwenqatshwa kwezicubu ezifile, futhi kwakha izimbotshana ezisebenzayo.
- I-Solcoseryl yamafutha okupholisa iyanconywa. Ivuselela izinqubo ze-metabolic ezicutshini, isheshise izinqubo zokutakula. Akanakho ukuphambana, kukhona ubuncane bemiphumela emibi.
Isilonda somunwe, umlenze ophansi, noma unyawo singakhula kunoma yisiphi isiguli esitholakala sinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2. Ukushiswa okungapholi, i-callus egqoke izicathulo ezingakhululekile, i-microcrack - konke lokhu kungaholela ekwakhekeni kwesilonda esingathandeki, futhi esiyinhloko, esiyingozi.
Ukwelashwa kokuhlinzwa
Uma unyawo oluthintwe yisilonda luqhubeka nokuhlupheka ngokungabekezeleleki, futhi ukwelashwa kungenzeki ngenxa yenani elikhulu lezicubu ezingasebenzi, udokotela ohambelayo angancoma ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa.
Ingqikithi yenqubo imi kanjena: ukumbiwa kwezicubu ezifile, ezingenzi ngokwazo. Kulokhu, kukhethwa indlela emnene ukuze ingathinti izicubu ezigcwele umzimba.
Ezimweni eziningi, uma kunezinkinga eziningi ezinobukhulu obuvela ezilondeni, futhi ukuzelapha kungenzeki, izindawo ezilimele zivalwa ngomshini ngemisiko yesikhumba.
Ukusebenza kwenqubo enjalo kuncike kwikhwalithi yokugeleza kwegazi emikhawulweni ephansi, futhi kuvunyelwe ukuyifeza kuphela lapho kungekho ukutheleleka, nangemva kokuba sekususiwe zonke izicubu ezifile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izidakamizwa ze-vascular ziyathathwa.
Isifo sikashukela i-mellitus sibhekwa kufanele njengesifo esikhohlisayo esiguqula impilo yanoma ngubani onesifo sikashukela. Ukukhethwa kwezicucu ezifinyeleleka kalula nezintofontofo, ukuhlanzeka okungenakuqhathaniswa kwezinyawo nokunakekelwa nsuku zonke yizimo ezidingekayo ezivimbela ukwakheka kwezindlela zokwakheka kwezilonda. Ividiyo ekulesi sihloko izophakamisa inketho yokwelashwa kwezilonda ezikhuluxekile.
