Ukukhiqizwa okunganele kwe-insulin ye-hormone yi-pancreas iba yisidingo esiyisisekelo sokukhula kwamazinga aphakeme kashukela wegazi kanye nohlobo lwe-1 mellitus yesifo sikashukela. Ezimweni ezihlukile, inqubo enjalo ivusa ukwanda ngokweqile kwe-glucose lapho kuqala isimo se-pathological - ketoacidosis yesifo sikashukela.
Ukukhonjiswa kwesifo sikashukela kuwuphawu lohlobo lokuqala kunolwesibili. I-Ketoacidosis ibonakala ngesilinganiso esedlulele sokuntuleka kwe-insulin, okuba imfuneko hhayi kuphela ngokwanda kwe-glucose, kodwa futhi nokwanda okusebenzayo kwesibalo semizimba ye-ketone.
Ukuntuleka kwe-insulin okubukhali kuba nezinkinga zempilo ezinzima noma ukucindezela. Lokhu kungenxa yokukhiqizwa kwesibindi somuntu sama-hormone akhethekile aphazamisa umsebenzi we-insulin. Kungenxa yalokhu ukuthi isifo sikashukela sikashukela sivame ukwenzeka ngohlobo lwe-1 isifo sikashukela esingaxelwanga imvelaphi yezinqubo ezithathelwanayo, ukugcwala ngokweqile kwemizwa nokwelashwa okungafanele.
Kunezimo lapho ngesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, lesi sifo siba imbangela:
- ukweqa imijovo ye-insulin ehleliwe;
- ukuntuleka kokulawulwa kwempilo yeshelufu lomuthi;
- Izinkinga ukondla i-insulin nge-syringe dispenser.
Ngisho nokushoda kwe-insulin okufushane kanjalo kungaholela ekugxumeni okukhulu kakhulu ezingeni likashukela egazini. Lapho kulinganiswa ushukela nge-glucometer, isiguli sizobona umlayezo ophathelene nezinga likashukela eliphakeme esikrinini sedivaysi, ngaphandle kokubonisa izinombolo.
Uma isimo singazinzisiwe futhi kungekho ukwelashwa, khona-ke ukuqala komqondo wesifo sikashukela, ukwehluleka ukuphefumula, nokufa.
Esimweni lapho isiguli sigula sinomkhuhlane futhi singenakudla, akusizi ukweqa umjovo we-insulin. Ngokuphambene nalokho, isidingo sokuphathwa okwengeziwe kwalesi hormone sikhuphuka okungenani ngo-1/3.
Udokotela ohambelayo kufanele axwayise isiguli ngasinye ngokulimala kwe-ketoacidosis, ukwelashwa nezinyathelo zokukuvikela.
Izimpawu eziphambili ze-glycemia ngokweqile kanye ne-ketoacidosis
Kunezimpawu ezithile ze-hyperglycemia ezingenayo ne-ketoacidosis, ngokwesibonelo:
- gxuma kushukela wegazi ukuya ezingeni le-13 mm mm / l nokungabonakali kokuncishiswa kwalo;
- Izimpawu ezicacile zakudala zesifo sikashukela i-mellitus (ukuchama kakhulu nokuchama ngokweqile, umlomo owomile, ukoma);
- ukulahleka kwesifiso
- Ubuhlungu emgodini wesisu;
- ukushesha kwesisindo esisheshayo (ngenxa yokuphelelwa ngamandla okubukhali nokuwohloka kwezicubu zamafutha);
- ubuthakathaka kanye nobuthakathaka bemisipha (umphumela wokulahleka kukasawoti wezimbiwa);
- ukulunywa kwesikhumba kanye nasendaweni yangasese;
- ukuphefumula kwenhliziyo kanye nokuhlanza;
- umbono omfushane;
- umkhuhlane;
- isikhumba esomile kakhulu, esifudumele futhi sibushelelezi;
- ubunzima bokuphefumula
- ukulahleka kwengqondo;
- iphunga elibonakalayo le-acetone evela emgodleni womlomo;
- ukuqwasha
- umuzwa ongapheli wobuthakathaka.
Uma isifo sikashukela mellitus sazo zombili izinhlobo zokuqala nezesibili siqala ukuqubuka, okuhambisana nokuhlanza, ubuhlungu besisu kanye nenausea, khona-ke imbangela yalesi simo ayinakuba yinkinga emgodini wokugaya kuphela, kodwa futhi ne-ketoacidosis eseqalile.
Ukuqinisekisa noma ukungafaki lesi simo, isifundo esifanele siyadingeka - ukuzimisela kwemizimba ye-ketone emchameni. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukuthenga imichilo ekhethekile kwinethiwekhi ekhemisi, bese usuvele udokotela.
Amadivaysi amaningi anamuhla okuthola ushukela wegazi angabona ukuba khona kwezidumbu ze-ketone kuwo. Odokotela batusa isifundo esifanayo, hhayi ngokukhuphuka okukhulu kwe-glucose egazini, kodwa futhi nganoma yikuphi ukwanda kwesimo sempilo.
Uma kutholakele izidumbu ze-ketone zitholwe ngemuva kweshukela likhulu kakhulu lwegazi, khona-ke kulokhu sikhuluma ngomthamo we-insulin onganele.
Ama-ketones kufanele anqunywe ezimweni ezinjalo:
- izinga loshukela lidlule ku-13-15 mmol / l;
- kunesimo esibuhlungu kanye nokwanda kokushisa komzimba;
- kukhona ukukhathala okuphawulekile, ukubekezela;
- ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa unesilinganiso sikashukela ngaphezulu kwe-11 mmol / l.
Amathuluzi okuxilonga kaKetone nokulandelana kwezenzo
Ukuthola ama-ketones kumchamo kufanele kulungiselelwe:
- imichilo yokuhlola ukuthola ushukela (isibonelo, i-Uriket-1);
- Isikhathi
- isitsha esiyinyumba sokuqoqa umchamo.
Ukuze wenze ukuhlaziya ekhaya, udinga ukusebenzisa umchamo osanda kuqoqwa. Uthango akumele lwenziwe ngaphambi kwamahora amabili ngaphambi kokuhlaziywa okuhlongozwayo. Kwezinye izimo, ungakwenza ngaphandle kokuqoqa impahla, kepha umane umanzi umugqa wokuhlola.
Okulandelayo, vula icala lepensela, ususe umucu wokuhlola kulo bese ulivala ngokushesha. Imichilo ifakwa emchameni isikhathi esingaphezu kwemizuzwana emi-5, futhi uma kukhona okweqile, isuswa ngokuthuthumela. Lokhu kungenziwa futhi ngokuthinta emaphethelweni strip ngephepha elihlanzekile lemifanekiso.
Ngemuva kwalokho, umucu wokuhlola ubekwa endaweni eyomile nehlanzekile. Qiniseka ukuyenza ithinte phezulu. Uma ngemuva kwemizuzu emi-2 inzwa ishintsha umbala (isilinganiso sokulawula kufanele sisetshenziswe emaphaketheni), khona-ke singakhuluma ngokuba khona kwemizimba ye-ketone ne-ketoacidosis. Ukushintshwa kwenani eliphansi kunganqunywa ngokuqhathanisa imibala yomucu wokuhlola nezinamba ezingezansi kwesilinganiso.
Uma i-ketoacidosis itholwa ngenxa yokuhlolwa kwasekhaya, kubalulekile ukwazisa udokotela wakho ngokushesha okukhulu.
Esimweni lapho kutholakala ukuthi kutholakale isifo sikashukela sikashukela esinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, udokotela uzonikeza izincomo ezifanele futhi anikeze nokwelashwa.
Izenzo zesifo sikashukela ngesilinganiso noma izinga eliphakeme lama-ketones
Uma phambilini udokotela obekhona engazange akhulume ngendlela yokuziphatha ezimweni ezinjalo, uhlelo lokulinganiselwa lungendlela elandelayo:
- kufanele ufake i-insulin elula (efushane) elula
- zama ukuphuza uketshezi oluningi ngangokunokwenzeka, okuzokwenza ukuthi kuvikeleke ukomisa;
- shayela iqembu le-ambulensi (lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu uma okuqukethwe izidumbu ze-ketone kungeke kuncishiswe noma ukugabha okungapheli kubhekwe).
Uhlobo lokuqala lwesifo sikashukela ukufundisa izihlobo zakho ukuthi zingamsiza kanjani ezimweni ezingalindelekile.
Isimo esibuhlungu kakhulu sibandakanya ukucwaninga okuningiliziwe kashukela wegazi kanye nokuxineka kwemizimba ye-ketone emzimbeni. Zombili lezi zifundo kumele zenziwe njalo emahoreni ama-4 kuze kube yilapho umuntu onesifo sikashukela ethuthuke kakhulu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngaphezu kwalokho, umchamo kufanele uhlolwe ubukhona be-acetone, ikakhulukazi uma umuntu ezizwa kabi, ukugabha kuyaqina (ngisho nangasemuva kwenani le-glucose ejwayelekile).
Kuyisilinganiso esiphakeme sama-ketones esiba yimbangela yokuhlanza!
Ama-Ketones ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa
Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kubalulekile nokuthi uhlole umchamo we-ketoacidosis kaningi ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngokuhlaziywa kwansuku zonke, kuzokwazi ukuqaphela ukuwohloka ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, unikeze ukwelashwa futhi uvikele ukukhula kwe-ketoacidosis yesifo sikashukela, okuyingozi enkulu kubo bobabili owesifazane uqobo nengane yakhe.
Udokotela angeluleka umama okhulelwe ukuthi angahlonzi umchamo, kodwa ngokushesha igazi. Kulokhu, njengoba sekushiwo ngenhla, ungasebenzisa imitha bese ubeka imichilo kuyo.
