Ukuthwala nokuzala ingane enesifo sikashukela i-mellitus (DM) kunzima impela, kepha kungenzeka. Emashumini ambalwa eminyaka edlule, odokotela babekholelwa ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukuthi kwabanesifo sikashukela bakhulelwe futhi babe nengane ephilile.
Ngaleso sikhathi, namuhla izindlela eziningi sezenziwe ukuthi ungaba kanjani umama weziguli ezinesifo sikashukela. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi ngokuxilongwa okunjalo, abesifazane kuyodingeka babekezele futhi bazimisele, ngoba omama abaningi kuzodingeka basebenzise isikhathi sabo esiningi esibhedlela ukugwema izinkinga ezingaba khona.
Izinhlobo zesifo sikashukela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa
Ngenxa yokuthi ngesifo sikashukela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ungathola zonke izinhlobo zezinkinga ezinkulu ezizolimaza umama nengane engakazalwa, odokotela bathatha le nkinga ngokungathi sína futhi baqaphe ngokucophelela owesifazane okhulelwe.
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zesifo sikashukela ezingabhekwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa:
- Ngendlela yokugula yesifo esedlule, izimpawu zesifo azibonakali zangaphandle, kepha odokotela bazothola ngokuba khona kwalesi sifo ngemiphumela yokuhlolwa kwegazi kwezinkomba zikashukela.
- Uhlobo olusongela lesi sifo lubonakala kubantu besifazane ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa abanesakhi sofuzo kanye nolunye uhlobo lwalo sifo. Ikakhulu, abesifazane abakhulelwe abanefa elibi, i-glucosuria, ukukhuluphala ngokweqile, kanye nabesifazane obekufanele bazale izingane ezinesisindo esingaphezu kwamakhilogremu ayi-4,5 bangafakwa kuleli qembu.
- Isifo sikashukela esikhohlisayo sitholakala ngokuhlaziya amazinga omchamo kanye noshukela wegazi. Nge-mellitus emnene yesifo sikashukela, amanani eglucose egazi awekho ngaphezu kwe-6.66 mmol / litre, ngenkathi umchamo awunazo izinto ze-ketone. Endabeni yesifo sikashukela esilinganiselwe, izinga likashukela wegazi lifinyelela ku-12,21 mmol / ilitha, izinto ze-ketone zomchamo kungenzeka zingatholakali noma ziqukethwe inani elincane futhi kungaqedwa ngokulandela ukudla okuthile kwezokwelapha.
Uhlobo olunzima lwesifo sikashukela lutholakala noshukela wegazi omkhulu kuno-12.21 mmol / ilitha, kanti inani lezinto zeketeni landa kakhulu.
Kubandakanya i-mellitus yesifo sikashukela esisobala, umuntu angahlangabezana nezinkinga ezifana nomonakalo wezinso, i-retina (isifo sikashukela retinopathy), izilonda zesifo esibuhlungu kakhulu emzimbeni, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, isifo se-coronary myocardial.
Ukwanda kwenani likashukela kumchamo wabesifazane abakhulelwe kuvame ukuhlotshaniswa nokwehla komkhawulo wezinso weglucose. Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, abesifazane baqala ukukhiqiza i-progesterone ngenkuthalo, yona ekhulisa ukuqina kwezinso kwe-glucose. Ngalesi sizathu, cishe bonke abesifazane abakhetha ukuzala isifo sikashukela bangatholakala ukuthi bane-glucosuria.
Ngakho-ke ukuthi labo mama abakhulelwe abahlangabezana nezinkinga ezinkulu, kuyadingeka ukubheka izinga likashukela nsuku zonke ngosizo lwegazi elisheshayo. Ngamanani eglucose egazi angaphezu kuka-6,66 mmol / ilitha, kufanele kwenziwe ukuhlola okwengeziwe kweglucose. Futhi, ngesifo sikashukela esisongelayo, kuyadingeka ukuthi kwenziwe ucwaningo lwesibili lwephrofayili ye-glycosuric ne-glycemic.
Isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa
Lolu olunye uhlobo lwesifo olungakhula ngesikhathi sokuzala ingane kwabesifazane abakhulelwe. Le nto ayithathwa njengesifo futhi iba ngamaphesenti ama-5 abesifazane abanempilo ngesonto lama-20 lokukhulelwa.
Ngokungafani noshukela ojwayelekile, isifo sikashukela esihamba emzimbeni siyanyamalala ngemuva kokuzalwa kwengane. Kodwa-ke, uma owesifazane edinga ukuzala futhi, ukubuyela emuva kungakhula.
Okwamanje, izimbangela zesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa asiqondakali ngokuphelele. Kuyaziwa nje ukuthi isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa kwabesifazane abakhulelwe siyakhula ngenxa yokushintsha kwamahomoni.
Njengoba wazi, i-placenta kwabesifazane abakhulelwe ikhiqiza ngenkuthalo ama-hormone anesibopho sokuthuthuka okuhambisanayo kwengane. Kwesinye isikhathi la ma-hormone angavimba ukukhiqizwa kwe-insulin kumama, ngenxa yalokho umzimba uye ungazweli ku-insulin futhi kuba nokwanda kwe-glucose egazini.
Ukhuphuka kwe-glucose ku-fetus kubonakala kanjani?
Ngokwenyuka noma ukuncipha koshukela wegazi, ingane ekhula esibelethweni nayo iyahlupheka. Uma ushukela ukhuphuka ngokunamandla, umbungu uthola futhi ushukela omningi emzimbeni. Ngokuntuleka kwe-glucose, i-pathology nayo ingakhula ngenxa yokuthi ukuthuthukiswa kwe-intrauterine kwenzeka ngokubambezeleka okunamandla.
Kuyingozi ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane abakhulelwe, lapho amazinga kashukela enyuka noma ehla kakhulu, lokhu kungadala ukungaphuthelwa kwesisu. Futhi, ngesifo sikashukela, ushukela ngokweqile unqwabelana emzimbeni wengane engakazalwa, kuguqulwa kube ngamafutha omzimba.
Ngenxa yalokhu, umama kuzodingeka abeleze isikhathi eside kakhulu ngenxa yobukhulu bengane yakhe. Iphinde yengeze nengozi yomonakalo we-humerus enganeni ngesikhathi sokuzalwa.
Kulezi zingane, ama-pancreas angakhiqiza amazinga aphezulu e-insulin ukubhekana noshukela owedlulele kumama. Ngemuva kokuzalwa, ingane ivame ukuba nezinga loshukela elehlisiwe.
Contraindication ukukhulelwa
Ngeshwa, kwesinye isikhathi kuba nezikhathi lapho owesifazane angavunyelwe ukuzala ingane, ngoba lokhu kungaba yingozi empilweni yakhe futhi kusongele ingane ukuthi ikhule ngokungalungile. Odokotela, njengomthetho, batusa ukuqeda ukukhulelwa koshukela uma:
- Bobabili abazali batholakala benesifo sikashukela;
- Ukuhlonza isifo sikashukela esivimbela ukumelana nokuthambekele ketoacidosis;
- Isifo sikashukela sentsha esiyinkimbinkimbi nge-angiopathy sikhonjwe;
- Owesifazane okhulelwe ngaphezu kwalokho utholakala nesifo sofuba esisebenzayo;
- Udokotela futhi unquma ukungqubuzana kwezici ze-Rh kubazali besikhathi esizayo.
Ungadla kanjani ukhulelwe ushukela
Uma odokotela bethole ukuthi owesifazane angabeletha, owesifazane okhulelwe kufanele enze konke okudingekayo ukunxephezela isifo sikashukela. Okokuqala, udokotela ubeka indlela yokudla okwelaphayo uNo. 9.
Njengengxenye yokudla, kuvunyelwe ukudla kuze kufike ku-120 amagremu amaprotheni ngosuku ngenkathi kunciphisa inani lama-carbohydrate kuya kumagremu nama-300-500 amagremu kuya kuma-50-60 amagremu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu kufanele kube ukudla okunoshukela omningi.
Ukusuka ekudleni, kuyadingeka ukukhipha ngokuphelele uju, i-confectionery, ushukela. Ukudla amakhalori ngosuku akufanele kube ngaphezulu kwe-3000 Kcal. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukudla okuqukethe amavithamini kanye namaminerali adingekayo ekuthuthukisweni okugcwele kwesibeletho kumele kufakwe ekudleni.
Ukubandakanya kubalulekile ukubheka imvamisa yokudla kwe-insulin emzimbeni. Njengoba abesifazane abakhulelwe abavunyelwe ukuthatha imishanguzo, abesifazane abanesifo sikashukela badinga ukufaka umjovo we-insulin nge-injin.
Ukulaliswa esibhedlela okhulelwe
Njengoba isidingo se-insulin ye-hormone ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa sishintsha, abesifazane abakhulelwe abatholakala benesifo sikashukela bangeniswa esibhedlela okungenani kathathu.
- Isikhathi sokuqala ukuthi umuntu wesifazane angeniswe esibhedlela ngemuva kokuhambela kokuqala kudokotela we-gynecologist.
- Okwesibili bangeniswa esibhedlela abesifazane abakhulelwe abanesifo sikashukela ngeviki 20- 24, lapho isidingo se-insulin sivame ukuguquka.
- Emavikini angama-32-36, kunosongo lwe-toxicosis sekwephuzile, okudinga ukubhekwa ngokucophelela ngesimo sengane engakazalwa. Okwamanje, odokotela banquma isikhathi nangendlela yokunakekelwa kwasesibelethweni.
Uma isiguli singalali esibhedlela, kubalulekile ukuthi ngaso sonke isikhathi sihlolwe ngudokotela wezingane kanye ne-endocrinologist.
