IMikstard 30 NM isidakamizwa esisebenza kabili. Ikhiqizwe ubuchwepheshe obukhethekile be-biological recombinant ye-DNA busebenzisa uhlobo lwe-Saccharomycescerevisiae uhlobo. Isebenzisana kakhulu nama-receptors of ulwelwesi olungaphandle lwe-cytoplasmic yamaseli futhi ngaleyo ndlela icasule ukuvela kwenkimbinkimbi ye-insulin receptor.
Ngokusebenzisa i-biosynthesis kumaseli wamafutha nesibindi noma ngokungena maseli esitokisini ngasinye, umuthi we-insulin receptor uthinta izinqubo ezenzeka kuwo, kanye nokukhiqizwa kwama-enzyme athile, ngokwesibonelo, i-pyruvate kinase, i-hexokinase, i-glycogen synthetase.
Ukwehla kwezinga lokugobhoza koshukela egazini kwenzeka ngenxa yokwanda kokuhamba kwalo kokungaphakathi, ukumuncwa okuthe xaxa, kanye nokwenziwa kwekhwalithi ephezulu yizicubu.
Umphumela wesidakamizwa iMikstard 30 NM ubonwa ngemizuzu engama-30 ngemuva kokuphathwa kwawo. Umphumela omkhulu ungatholakala ngemuva kwesikhathi kusuka emahoreni amabili kuya kwayi-8, futhi ubude besikhathi sesenzo se-insulin ye-hormone buzoba amahora angama-24.
Uboniswa ngubani umuthi nomuthi wawo
IMikstard 30 NM inconyelwe isifo sikashukela. Ukwethulwa kwalo muthi kuzokwenziwa izikhathi eziyi-1-2 ngosuku, ngokuya ngesidingo senhlanganisela yokuvezwa okusheshayo nokude.
Umthamo womuthi esimweni ngasinye uzokhethwa ngokuqinile ngawodwana, futhi ngokuya ngezidingo zesiguli. Ngokuvamile, izidingo ze-insulin zizoqhamuka ku-0,3 ziye ku-1 IU ngekhilogremu yesisindo sesiguli ngosuku.
Labo abamelana ne-insulin bangadinga umthamo owandayo wosuku. Kungaba yisifo sikashukela sokuthomba, kanye nokukhuluphala.
Kuzodingeka umthamo oncishisiwe ezigulini lapho i-pancreas ingakaqedi ngokuphelele ikhono lokukhiqiza i-insulin.
Uma isiguli esinesifo sikashukela sifinyelela ezingeni elifanele le-glycemia, khona-ke ezimweni ezinjalo ukwanda kwesifundo kusenzeka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngokubheka lokhu, kuyadingeka ukuzama ukwengeza ukulawulwa kwe-metabolic, futhi ikakhulukazi, ukubheka amazinga kashukela wegazi.
Faka isicelo seMikstard 30 NM isigamu sehora ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa okuhlosiwe kokudla okuqukethe ama-carbohydrate.
Ungasifaka kanjani isicelo?
Umuthi wenzelwe ukuphatha okungaqondakali. Njengomthetho, lokhu kufanele kwenziwe esifundeni sodonga lwesibeletho lwangaphandle. Yile ndawo yokungena ezokwenza ukuthi ukwazi ukuzwa umphumela wesidakamizwa ngokushesha okukhulu.
Uma umuntu onesifo sikashukela ekhululekile, angangena futhi afakwe kwezinye izindawo ezinqenqemeni, njengethanga, i-buttock, noma izicubu ezithambile zehlombe.
Kuyenqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukuphatha ukumiswa komuthi ngaphakathi.
Lapho wenza umjovo esibayeni sesikhumba, amathuba okuthi ungene emisipha ancishiswa kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele kwaziwe ukuthi kuzoba kuhle ukushintsha indawo yomjovo ngaso sonke isikhathi. Lokhu kuzokwenza ukuthi kunciphise ingozi ye-lipodystrophy (ukulimala esikhunjeni). Kufanele wazi ukuthi uyijova kanjani i-insulin.
Izici Zokusebenza Mikstard
Kufanele wazi ukuthi awukwazi ukusebenzisa i-insulin kumaphampu we-insulin, kanye nokuzwela okweqile kwe-insulin yomuntu noma enye yezakhi zayo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, umuthi awukwazi ukusetshenziswa ezimweni ezinjalo:
- ushukela wegazi ophansi ukhona;
- i-insulin igcinwe ngokungafanele noma iqandisiwe;
- ithumba lokuvikela lilahlekile noma linamathele kabi ebhodleleni;
- into iba inhomogenible ngemuva kokuxubana.
Ngaphambi kokuthi uqale ukusebenzisa iMikstard 30 NM, qiniseka ukuthi uhlola ukuthembeka kwilebula futhi uqiniseke ukuthi umuthi usetshenziswa kahle.
Ugwaza kanjani?
Ngaphambi kokujova, qiniseka ukuthi kusetshenziswa isirinji ekhethekile ye-insulin, lapho kufakwa khona isikali. Nguye owenza sikwazi ukukala ngokunemba ngangokunokwenzeka umthamo odingekayo we-insulin amayunithi esenzo.
Okulandelayo, kufanele udonse umoya ungene kwisirinji. Lokhu kufanele kube yivolumu ezohambisana nomthamo odingekayo.
Ngokushesha ngaphambi kokuba kuthathwe umthamo, kuyadingeka ukuthi ulinganisele ibhodlela phakathi kwezandla isikhathi esithile. Lokhu kuzokwenza ukuthi into ibe namafu futhi ibe mhlophe ngokulinganayo. Inqubo izongenelwa uma umuthi wawushiswa ekushiseni kwegumbi ngokwemvelo (!).
Ukujova i-insulin ngaphansi kwesendlalelo sesikhumba, udinga ukubala ngokunembile ukunyakaza kwakho. Kubalulekile ukubamba inaliti ngaphansi kwesikhwama sesikhumba kuze kube yilapho yonke insulin ifakwe ngempumelelo.
Uma umuntu onesifo sikashukela enomlando wezifo ezengeziwe, khona-ke kulokhu kungadingeka ukuguqulwa kweMikstard 30 NM. Sikhuluma ngezifo ezinje:
- ukutheleleka, kuhambisana nomkhuhlane;
- phambi kwezinkinga nezinso, isibindi.
Kuzodingeka ukulungisa umthamo uma kungasebenzi umsebenzi we-thyroid, i-adrenal gland. Izinguquko zedosi zizokhonjiswa ngenguquko ebukhali ezenzweni zomzimba zesifo sikashukela, ukudla kwakhe okujwayelekile, kanye nalapho sikuhambisa kolunye uhlobo lwe-insulin.
Ukuboniswa kokuphendula okungahambi kahle
Emuva kokusetshenziswa kwesidakamizwa iMikstard, ukusabela okungekuhle kwabonwa kwezinye iziguli. Inqwaba imayelana nemithamo enganele ngenxa yemiphumela yemithi ye-insulin ye-hormone.
Njengomphumela wokuhlolwa kliniki, imiphumela emibi ibingemva nje, iyivelakancane futhi izenzekela yodwa.
Ngokuvamile, lokhu kuphazamiseka okulandelayo kwabonwa ezigulini:
- izinkinga ekusebenzeni kwamasosha omzimba;
- hypoglycemia
Lesi sakamuva sakhiwa ezimweni lapho ivolumu yomuthi yedlula kakhulu isidingo sangempela saso. Ezimweni ze-hypoglycemia enzima, ukulahleka kwengqondo, ukwehluleka, kanye nokusebenza kwengqondo okulimazayo (okuhlala njalo noma okwesikhashana) nokufa kwaphawulwa.
Ubungcweti kufanele bufake:
- i-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela;
- i-rash, i-urticaria;
- lipodystrophy;
- ukuphazamiseka kwezicubu ezingaphansi kwesikhumba nesikhumba;
- ukudumba;
- i-peripheral neuropathy;
- ukusabela kwendawo ezindaweni lapho kwenziwa imijovo.
Ngokuqapha okuqhubekayo kwamazinga kashukela egazini, amathuba okuthola i-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela angancishiswa kakhulu.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ubukhulu bokwelashwa kwe-insulin hormone ngokumelene nesizinda sokwenza ngcono okubukhali kwe-glycemia ngeke kuhlale unomphela. Ubunzima obufanayo be-retinopathy yesifo sikashukela buzoba okwesikhashana.
I-Lipodystrophy ingaqala ukukhula lapho isiguli sifaka umuthi endaweni efanayo.
Ukuphendula kwasendaweni kubonakaliswa ukuvuvukala, ukulunywa, ukuvuvukala, ubomvu nama-hematomas esikhunjeni endaweni yomjovo. Njengomthetho, la macala ahamba kancane emvelweni, futhi angaphela ngokuphelele ngesikhathi sokulashwa.
U-Edema uvame ukubonwa esigabeni sokuqala sokwelashwa nomuthi iMikstard 30 NM. Luphawu lwesikhashana.
Uma ukuthuthuka kokulawulwa kokukhuselwa ushukela kwegazi kutholakale ngokushesha okukhulu, khona-ke kuleli cala kungahle kuqale i-neuropathy yesifo sikashukela esibuhlungu.
Ngesikhathi sokulashwa, imiphumela emibi engajwayelekile kungenzeka, noma kunjalo, ayinakwa ngokuphelele. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:
- ukuphazamiseka kokuphikisa;
- isimo se-anaphylactic.
Amacala angajwayelekile okuchazwa akhona ekuqaleni kwe-insulin hormone therapy. Uma kuqhathaniswa nokubuyekezwa, lezi zimpawu zingezesikhashana futhi ziyadlula.
Ukubonakaliswa kwe-hypersensitivity ejwayelekile kungahambisana nokuqhuma kwesikhumba, ukulunywa, izinkinga zokugaya ukudla, ukuphefumula, i-angioedema, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, ukwehla okukhulu komfutho wegazi, ukukhathala, kanye nokulahlekelwa ingqondo. Lezi zimo zingaba usongo olukhulu empilweni yeziguli.
Contraindication kanye namacala okweqa ngokweqile
Lokhu kufaka phakathi i-hypoglycemia, kanye nokuzwela okwengeziwe kwe-insulin yomuntu noma ezinye izingxenye zesidakamizwa iMikstard.
Kuze kube manje, akukho datha emacaleni we-overdose ngenxa yokusebenzisa umthamo othile womuthi.
Ngokucatshangelwa, ezimweni ezinjalo, ukuqala kwe-hypoglycemia yobulukhuni obuhlukahlukene kungenzeka. Uma i-hypoglycemia imnene, isiguli sizokwazi ukusikhipha uqobo. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokudla inani elincane lokudla okumnandi, okufanele umuntu onesifo sikashukela abe nakho njalo. Sikhuluma nganoma yisiphi amaswidi noma iziphuzo ezinoshukela ngamanani amancane.
Kwi-hypoglycemia enkulukazi, kuboniswa ukulashwa esibhedlela ophuthumayo esikhungweni sezokwelapha.
Ezimweni ezinzima ikakhulukazi (uma ingqondo isivele ilahlekile) esibhedlela, isiguli sizonikezwa isisombululo se-glucose (dextrose) samaphesenti angama-40 emzimbeni. Njenge-analog, ukuphathwa kwe-subcutaneous noma i-intramuscular of glucagon ngevolumu kusuka ku-0,5 kuye ku-1 mg kungasetjenziswa.
Ngemuva kokuba ukwazi ukwazi ukubuyiselwa ingqondo, isiguli sinconywa ukuba sidle ukudla okune-carbohydrate. Lokhu kuzokwenza ukuthi kugwemeke amathuba wokuhlaselwa okuphindaphindiwe kwe-hypoglycemia.
