Ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kokudla okunama-khalori aphezulu kakhulu ngeke kuhlale kudala ukukhuluphala. Yonke inqubo yokuqongelela (noma ukunqwabelana) yokubhukelwa kwezicubu ezinamafutha emzimbeni womuntu ihlotshaniswa nokukhiqizwa kwe-insulin.
Le hormone itholwa ngamanyikwe futhi kujwayelekile ukwenza imisebenzi ebalulekile yokusebenza okujwayelekile, nokulawula isisindo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, yi-insulin ethinta ngqo ushukela, otholakala egazini njalo, uyisize ingene kuwo wonke izicubu nezitho zomzimba womuntu.
Uma ukucindezelwa kwe-glucose kuphezulu ngokweqile, khona-ke i-insulin izosiza ukuvimbela ubunzima balesi simo, ngokwesibonelo, bayeke isisindo ngokweqile kanye nokukhuluphala. Inkinga efanayo ifanele ikakhulukazi isifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili lwezifundo. Kukule ndlela yesifo lapho kuvela khona izinkinga zesisindo.
Ukuvimbela ukweqile, usadinga ukwazi ukuthi yimiphi imikhiqizo engaba nomthelela kuyo.
Umphumela wama-carbohydrate kwesisindo
Akuwona wonke umuntu onesifo sikashukela okwaziyo okwenzeka emzimbeni wakhe ngalesi sikhathi lapho edla iqatha lesinkwa esimhlophe sikakolweni ebangeni eliphakeme kakhulu. Uma kucatshangelwa lolu daba, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi isinkwa ngokuyinhloko sise-carbohydrate enesitashi ekwakhekeni kwaso.
Ingagaywa ngokushesha futhi iguqulwe ibe ushukela, eba ushukela wegazi futhi isatshalaliswa kuzo zonke izitho nezinhlelo.
Ngalesi sikhathi, umzimba uthola isimo sesinye sezibalo ze-hyperglycemia (isimo se-pathological lapho ushukela osegazini ukhuphuka kakhulu aze afike emazingeni aphakeme, futhi i-insulin ayikwazi ukubhekana nakho).
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ngokwahlukana ukuthi ngalesi sikhathi ama-pancreas omuntu ophilile ahlangana noshukela futhi akhiphe ngokushesha i-insulin egazini, elikwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yalo eminingi ngesikhathi esisodwa:
- kwakha ukugcinwa kwamandla abalulekile, kepha le nkathi imfushane kakhulu;
- kukwehlisela ngokuqinile ukugcwala koshukela egazini, bekuphoqa ukuthi kungangeni zonke izitho, kodwa kuphela lezo ezifuna kakhulu.
Ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela, lezi zinqubo zenzeka ngokungalingani.
Izakhamzimba ezinamafutha
Ukuthuthukisa ingqikithi yesinkwa, kuyadingeka ukuthi ucabangele ukusetshenziswa kwayo nebhotela njengesibonelo se-carbohydrate enamafutha. Njengoba sekuphawuliwe, isinkwa singama-carbohydrate asetshenziswa ku-glucose. Amafutha yi-lipid. Ngenqubo yokugaya, izoba yi-acid enamafutha, okuthi, njengoshukela, ingene egazini. Izinga likashukela wegazi lomuntu nalo lizokwanda ngokushesha, futhi amanyikwe azomisa le nqubo ngokushesha okukhulu ngokukhiqiza i-insulin ye-hormone.
Uma lesi sitho sisesimweni esihle, khona-ke i-insulin izokhiqizwa ngokufana nalokho okudingekayo ukuze kuhlanganiswe noshukela omningi. Ngaphandle kwalokho (uma kunezinkinga nge-pancreas nesifo sikashukela kutholakala), i-hormone i-insulin izokhiqizwa ngamanani anganele kunesidingo.
Ngenxa yalokhu, ingxenye yamandla wamafutha aqhamuka ekudleni izogcinwa ekugcineni, ngamanye amagama, izicubu ezinamafutha. Ezigabeni ezilandelayo, le nqubo izoba yisizathu esiyinhloko sokuthi kuzovela isisindo ngokweqile.
Yipancreas egulayo futhi engenamandla engachaza ukuthuthukiswa kokukhuluphala noma umane isisindo esingathandeki seshukela sikashukela. Uma umuntu ephilile ngokulinganayo, khona-ke le nqubo ye-pathological ayiyibi kabi kuye, ngoba ama-carbohydrate namafutha asetshenzisiwe azocutshungulwa ngokuphelele ngaphandle kokubanga isisindo ngokweqile.
I-Hyperinsulism ukuthambekisa komuntu othize ukuthuthukisa ukukhuluphala.
Ukudla amafutha ngokwehlukana nokunye ukudla
Ukuqhubeka nezibonelo zokudla, kufanele ucabangele ukusetshenziswa kwama-lipids kuphela, ngokwesibonelo, ushizi onzima. Uma amafutha ngamanye engena emzimbeni, ngeke aphazamise izinga likashukela wegazi ne-insulin. Ama-pancreas uqobo ngeke akhiqize inani elinganele le-hormone futhi inqubo yokuguqula izinto zibe amandla ngokweqile ngeke iqale.
Ngaphandle kwalokhu, umuntu ngeke athi nganoma iyiphi indlela ukuthi i-lipid edliwayo ayinakuthinta nhlobo umzimba womzimba. Lokhu kungachazwa kahle yiqiniso lokuthi lapho kuqhubeka ukugaya umzimba, umzimba uzokhipha konke okutholakalayo ekudleni okuqediwe, ngokwesibonelo:
- amavithamini;
- ukulandelela izinto;
- usawoti wamaminerali.
Ngenxa yalomshini, kuzotholakala izinto ezibalulekile ezibalulekile ukuze kufakwe umfutho ngokwanele wamandla.
Izibonelo ezibhekwayo azikwazi ukubizwa ngokuthi zinembile, ngoba zenziwe lula futhi zinesikimu. Kodwa-ke, ingqikithi yenqubo idluliswa ngokwanele. Uma uqonda umnyombo walesi simo, khona-ke ungaguqula ngokufanele indlela oziphatha ngayo. Lokhu kuzokwenza ukuthi kugwemeke isisindo ngokweqile ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili lwezifundo. Ukudla okwanele noshukela ophezulu nakho kubalulekile lapha.
Ekuphetheni, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi endabeni yesisindo, yi-pancreas edlala indima ebalulekile. Uma umuntu ephilile, khona-ke ubhekana ngokuphelele nomsebenzi wakhe futhi akumthi mangele, kepha ugcina isisindo esijwayelekile.
Ngaphandle kwalokho, kunezinkinga ezinkulu ngokukhiqizwa kwe-hormone insulin noma noma ukungasebenzi kwayo. Ama-pancreas angaba nesandla ekubekweni phansi kwamafutha acid atholakala ekudleni endaweni yokubekelela. Ngenxa yalokhu, kuqala ukwanda kwesisindo kancane kancane bese kuthi ukukhuluphala kuqale.
Uma umuntu onesifo sikashukela engakuqapheli ukudla kwakhe futhi edla ukudla okuqukethe ushukela, lokhu kungaba yimbangela eqondile yokwakhiwa kokungasebenzi kahle kwepancreatic. Ekugcineni, lokhu kungaholela eqinisweni lokuthi i-insulin ngeke ikhiqizwe ngokuzimela.
Uzoba nentshisekelo yokufunda ngesipiliyoni sakho sokunciphisa isisindo omunye wabafundi bethu.
