Lapho kukhona isisindo somzimba ngokweqile, ukunciphisa umzimba ngokungangabazeki kuyinqubo oyifunayo. Njengomthetho, amakhilogremu ahamba nokuzivocavoca okwandayo noma ngokudla.
Lapho umuntu eyeka ukuthatha lezi zenzo, isisindo sibuyela ngokushesha. Ngakho-ke, ukulahleka kwesisindo okubukhali, ngezizathu ezingaziwa, kuyimbangela yokukhathazeka okukhulu. Kulokhu, thintana nodokotela.
Kungani kunokwehla kwesisindo okubukhali
Ukwehla kwesisindo okwejwayelekile kubizwa nge- cachexia noma ukukhathala. Njengomthetho, ukulahleka kwesisindo kwenzeka ngenxa ye:
- ukungondleki noma ukungondleki,
- ukuphazamiseka kokugaya ukudla,
- ukubola okusebenzayo emzimbeni wama-carbohydrate, amaprotheni namafutha
- izindleko zamandla ezengeziwe.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokudla okunempilo kanye nokudla okuhle, ukuncipha okubukhali kuwuphawu lwalesi sifo. Izizathu ezilandelayo zingaholela ekulahlekelweni kwesisindo ngokushesha kwabesilisa nabesifazane:
- Ukuvinjelwa kokudla. Ngenxa yokungazi ukuthinteka kwemivimbo, ukulimala kobuchopho obuxakile, isimila, ukuncipha kwengqumbo, i-anorexia, ukudakwa noma ukulahleka kwesifiso
- Ukuqunjelwa. Ivela nezilonda, i-hepatitis, gritisitis ye-atrophic, i-enteritis, i-colitis, i-cirrhosis. Le nqubo ihambisana nokumuncwa kwezakhi zomzimba, kanye namafutha namaprotheni;
- Ukuphazamiseka kwemetabolic. I-Catabolism (izinqubo zokubhujiswa) ibeka phambili izinqubo zokuhlanganiswa. I-biliary pancreatitis nayo ingaholela ekunciphiseni isisindo. Izimbangela: ukushiswa, isimila esibuhlungu, ukulimala kanzima, izifo ezithinta izicubu, ukuphazamiseka kwe-thyroid.
Ukwehla okubukhali kwesisindo kuvame ukwenzeka ngenxa yengcindezi ehlotshaniswa nokuhlangenwe nakho okuqinile ngokomzwelo.
Izinkinga zengqondo zingadala ukunciphisa umzimba ngokushesha okunempilo ephelele.
Kulokhu, njengomthetho, isisindo sibuyela ngokushesha. Ukwehla kwesisindo kungenzeka ngokuhambisana nesizinda sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo lapho kungekho khona ukuthambekela.
Imbangela ejwayelekile yokuncipha kwesisindo, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni, ukubangelwa yi-helminthic noma i-parasitic infestation. Kulokhu, izimpawu ezilandelayo ziyabonakala:
- ukwehla kwesifiso sokudla
- isifo sohudo noma ukuqunjelwa,
- izimpawu zokudakwa,
- ukukhathala okujwayelekile.
Njengomthetho, lokhu akubangelwa inhlanzeko yomuntu siqu nokusetshenziswa kwezithelo nemifino engageziwe.
Ezimweni eziningi, izimbangela zokunciphisa umzimba obukhali, ngaphezu kwezifo ze-parasitic, yilezi:
- ukutheleleka kwamathumbu
- isifo sofuba
- syphilis
- Ukutheleleka nge-HIV
Lapho isemzimbeni womuntu, i-pathogen yakha ubuthi obulimaza izinhlaka zamaselula. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukungatheleleki kuyancipha, umsebenzi wezitho nezinhlelo uyaphazamiseka.
Isifo sikashukela kanye nokuguquguquka kwesisindo
Ukwehla kwesisindo kujwayelekile kwabanesifo sikashukela esinesifo sohlobo 1. Lapha, ama-pancreas awakhiqizi i-insulin.
Lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yokusabela kwe-autoimmune lapho umzimba ungaboni amaseli akhiqiza i-insulin noma lapho amangqamuzana endlala edalulwe amagciwane.
Ngohlobo 2 sikashukela, umzimba womuntu umelana kakhulu ne-insulin, ngakho-ke ukwehla kwesisindo akubonakali kangako. Njengomthetho, abanesifo sikashukela bahlushwa iqoqo lamaphawundi okweqile.
Kaningi, lokhu kufaka phakathi ukuthuthukiswa okuncane esimweni esejwayelekile somzimba. Ungathola okuningi mayelana nokuthi yisiphi isifo sikashukela emakhasini esayithi lethu.
Ukwehla kwesisindo kwabesifazane
Ukwehla kwesisindo kwabesifazane kungenzeka ngezizathu eziningi. Uma okwesikhashana kunokulahleka kwe-5% noma ngaphezulu kwesisindo somzimba, udinga ukubonana nodokotela ngokuphuthumayo.
Ukwehla kwesisindo okusheshayo cishe njalo kubangela ukungasebenzi kahle ohlelweni lwezinhliziyo nezinzwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho kukhona ukungalingani kwamanzi-usawoti kanye nokuphulwa kwe-thermoregulation.
Kwesinye isikhathi ukulahleka okuqhubekayo kwamakhilogremu kwenzeka uma kwenzeka kushoda amandla. Izizathu, njengomthetho, zimbili:
- amaphilisi okudla
- ukugcinwa kwesikhathi eside kokudla okuphansi kwekhalori.
Ukudla okungalinganiseli kuvusa ukungasebenzi kahle kuwo wonke umsebenzi womzimba.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, imbangela yokulahlekelwa isisindo kungaba ukudla okungajwayelekile. Umzimba awunakwanela ezintweni ezidingekayo, ngakho-ke, usebenzisa izinqolobane zokugcina.
Noma yikuphi ukudla okudla okuphansi kwekhalori kungasebenza kuphela esikhathini esifushane. Uma ibhekwa njalo, umzimba uzolahleka:
- amandla kavithamini,
- ukulandelela izinto.
Ngenxa yalokho, izifo ezahlukahlukene zomgudu wokugaya ukudla zingakheka, ikakhulukazi, i-pancreatitis kanye ne-gastritis.
Lezi ziphazamiso zingabalingani abajwayelekile bezithandwa zokudla.
Lapho kukhiqizwa ujusi we-gastric futhi kunokudla okwanele, ama-enzyme akhiqizwa amanyikwe afakwa ekuzigayeni.
Ngenqubo, ubuthi buyakhululwa lowo monakalo:
- izinso
- amaphaphu
- isibindi
- ubuchopho nezinye izitho nezinhlelo.
Kungakho ngesikhathi sokulayisha kudingekile ukuphuza uketshezi oluningi, ukugwema itiye elinamandla, ikofi neziphuzo ezimuncu.
Izifo zepheshana emathunjini zivame ukwehlisa isisindo kuwo womabili ubulili. Kubonwe:
- isitho sokugaya ukudla,
- izinqubo zokuvuvukala
- malabsorption emathunjini amancane nesisu.
Uma kwenzeka ukuvuvukala okubi kakhulu noma okungamahlalakhona kubantu:
- izinkinga ze-metabolic (catabolism) ziyavela
- isidingo somzimba samandla sikhuphuka.
Uyacelwa uqaphele ukuthi ukugabha, uhudo kanye nesicanucanu kuholela ngokushesha ekulahlekelweni ngama-electrolyte, izakhi zomkhondo namaphrotheni.
Isifo sikashukela i-mellitus ngisho nokudla okwandayo kubonakala ngokulahlekelwa isisindo somzimba. Kukhona ukwephulwa kwazo zonke izinhlobo zezinqubo ze-metabolic, lokhu kusebenza ikakhulukazi kuma-carbohydrate metabolism. Izimpawu ezinkulu:
- ukuchama njalo
- ukoma
- izinhlungu zesisu
- isikhumba esomile
- ukunciphisa umzimba okuqhubekayo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, imbangela yokuncipha kwesisindo kubantu besifazane imvamisa ukungalingani emazingeni e-hormonal. Mhlawumbe umphumela ohlukile ukutholwa kwama-kilogram.
Ukwehla kwesisindo emadodeni
Imvamisa isizathu sokuncipha kwesisindo emadodeni, kanye nakwabesifazane, ukwephula isizinda se-hormonal, ukusebenza kwe-gland yegilo.
Uma kunezinkinga ngohlelo lwe-endocrine, ngokwesibonelo, ukungasebenzi kahle kwezindlala ze-adrenal noma isifo se-bazedovy, khona-ke ukushesha kwe-metabolism kwenzeka. Ngalezi zifo emadodeni, izinga le-metabolic lenyuka futhi amakhalori aqhamuka ngokushesha.
Lapho umthamo wangaphambilini wezakhi ungena emzimbeni, ukusetshenziswa kwawo ngumzimba kuyanda. Lokhu kuholela ekunciphiseni kwesisindo.
Kunesinye futhi isizathu sokuncipha kwesisindo esisheshayo kubo bobabili ubulili - umdlavuza. Cishe ngaso sonke isikhathi, lapho kunamaqhubu ayingozi ama-pancreas noma isibindi, ukunciphisa umzimba ngokushesha kuyabonakala kwabesilisa nabesifazane.
Amathumba amlimazayo adala ukuphazamiseka kwe-biochemistry okuthi, ngenxa yalokho, kuphele imithombo yangaphakathi. Kulokhu, kuyabonakala:
- ukwehla kokusebenza
- ukuntuleka kwesifiso sokudla
- ubuthakathaka obujwayelekile.
Izimbangela zokunciphisa umzimba obukhali emadodeni nazo zingaba:
- izifo zezitho ezakha igazi;
- ukulimala kwemisebe;
- ama-pathologies wezinzwa nokuphazamiseka;
- ukuhlukunyezwa kwezicubu ezahlukahlukene.
Kunezimo lapho kunzima khona ukubona imbangela ethile yokuncipha kwesisindo emadodeni, ikakhulukazi uma kungekho uphawu lwezimpawu.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi phambi kokulahlekelwa isisindo esisheshayo, ngaso sonke isikhathi kufanele ubonane nodokotela ukuze akunikeze ukwelashwa nokuthola imbangela yempande.
