Wonke umuntu ngezikhathi ezithile uzizwa ebuhlungu obukhulu emaphethelweni aphansi. Njengomthetho, abantu abazinaki kangako lezi zimpawu, okuyinto engenamsebenzi ngokuphelele, ngoba kaningi isizathu sobuhlungu obunjalo abukho ekukhathaleni okujwayelekile noma ekulimaleni komzimba, kodwa esigulini esibi.
Enye yalezi zifo i-atherosulinosis yemikhumbi yemikhawulo ephansi. Ebusheni obudala ngemuva kweminyaka engama-65-70, le ndlela yokusebenza kwemvelo ivame kakhulu.
Kusho ukuthini lokhu kugula?
I-atherosclerosis yemikhumbi yemilenze iyisifo ngokuthuthukiswa lapho izinguquko eziningi zivela khona, ngokwesibonelo:
- ukuvela kwezicubu eziyinqaba;
- ukuphazamiseka kokuhamba kwegazi emithanjeni yethambo.
I-atherossteosis ivame ukuthinta imithambo emikhulu yesifuba nesisu sesisu. Kungenxa yalokhu ukuthi izinqubo ze-pathological ziyavela emithanjeni yabesifazane, ye-tibial ne-popliteal.
Kuzo, izibani zincipha ngamaphesenti angaphezu kwangu-50-55. Lesi sifo singakhula buthule iminyaka engaphezu kwe-10, futhi umuntu angeke asole lutho ngokugula kwakhe, ngoba kungenzeka zingabi nazimpawu ezibonakalayo zaso.
I-Atherossteosis nezigaba zayo
I-atherosulinosis yemikhumbi yemikhawulo engezansi iba ngezigaba eziningana:
- Isigaba sokuqala sibhekwa njengesihlelekile. Ihambisana ne-lipoidosis - ukuphazamiseka okukhulunywayo kwe-lipid metabolism. Ubuhlungu emaphethelweni aphansi kwenzeka kuphela ngemuva kokuhamba amabanga amade nangokuzimisela okukhulu ngokomzimba.
- Izimpawu zokuqala ze-atherosulinosis zemithambo yemikhawulo engezansi zivela esigabeni sesibili sesi sifo. Imilenze yesiguli iqala ukulimala ngemuva kokudlula amamitha angama-500-1000.
- Isigaba sesithathu isikhathi se-ischemia esibucayi. Izimpawu zesifo ziyabizwa. Ngemuva kwamamitha angama-50, umuntu uqala ukuzwa izinhlungu.
- Isigaba sesine sokugcina sibonakaliswa yizilonda zesisu, i-necrosis, kanye nokungajabuli emilenzeni kwenzeka ngisho nasendaweni ezolile (isikhathi sasebusuku asifani nalokhu). I-gangrene kwesinye isikhathi ingakhula kushukela.
Kubalulekile! Uma ungaqali ukwelashwa kwe-atherosulinosis yemithambo yemikhawulo ephansi ngesikhathi, leli cala lingaphumela ekunqunyweni. Ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa kumele kwenziwe noma esiteji sokugcina.
Izimbangela zesifo
Kunezinto ezahlukahlukene ezingasicasula lesi sifo, kodwa noma kunjalo kunezizathu eziyinhloko zokuvela kwaso.
- Ukubhema kubhekwa njengembangela eyinhloko ye-atherosulinosis yemithambo yegazi. I-Nicotine equkethwe emikhiqizweni kagwayi ibangela ukuthi imithambo yegazi inyinye futhi ivimbele igazi ekuhambeni ngokukhululeka emithanjeni. Le ndlela iholela ngqo ku-thrombophlebitis (blockage of veins) kanye ne-atherosclerosis.
- Ukhuluphele.
- Ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kokudla okugcwele emafutheni ezilwane, okuholela ekwandeni kwe-cholesterol yegazi.
- Ezinye izifo, ezinjengesifo sikashukela i-mellitus, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, ukuncipha kokusebenza kwamahomoni egilo kanye nama-hormone ocansi
- Isisulu sokuqothuka.
- Ukuxineka kwengqondo-ngokomzwelo, ukucindezela, ukukhathazeka.
- Umfutho wegazi ophakeme
- Iminyaka ephakathi.
- Ubulili (isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yemilenze kaningi sithinta abesilisa).
- Ukuntuleka kokuzivocavoca.
Izimpawu eziphambili
Sekushiwo ngenhla ukuthi isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yemikhumbi esezingeni elingaphansi kungenzeka singazwakali isikhathi eside.
Kepha izimpawu zakhe zingenzeka ngasikhathi sinye eminingana.
Ngakho-ke ayikho yini enye indlela yokwazi isifo ekuqaleni kwawo?
Ngemuva kwakho konke lokhu, kuzosiza ukugwema izinkinga ezinkulu futhi uqale ukwelashwa ngokushesha. Vele, kunezimpawu, futhi kunezinto eziningi:
- Ubuningi bezinyawo.
- I-acute thrombosis, kuyaqabukela ukuqina.
- Ukucaciswa komthetho oqondile.
- Umuzwa wokubanda kwangaphakathi nokubanda njalo.
- I-Pallor ne-cyanosis yesikhumba.
- Amagobongo, ikakhulukazi ebusuku.
- Ubuhlungu, okusuka kokubuthakathaka kuya kokuqinile.
- Ukuntuleka kwe-pulsation ethangeni, ku-popliteal fossa, ethangeni.
- Izimpawu zesimo se-trophic, esibonakaliswa ngokwahlukaniswa kwamazipho, ukulahleka kwezimila emlenzeni ongezansi, ukubonakala kwezilonda ezithendeni nasezinzwaneni.
- Ubuhlungu bemikhawulo ephansi, eqina lapho uhamba.
- Isikhumba esibomvu - i-cyanosis.
Ungabona kanjani
Ukuxilongwa okulungile futhi okufika ngesikhathi kwe-atherosulinosis yemithambo yemilenze ephansi isinyathelo sokuqala sokwelashwa okusebenzayo. Uzokucacisa: kungani kwaqhamuka lesi sifo, futhi, kusukela kulokhu, udokotela ubeka imishanguzo edingekayo kanye nokunye ukwelashwa:
- I-angiography ye-MSCT.
- I-MR angiography.
- I-Peripheral arteriography.
- Ukulinganiswa kwengcindezi ngokubalwa kwenkomba ye-ankle-brachial.
- (UZDG) - ukuskena okuphindwe kabili kwemithambo yegazi.
- Ukuthola ukudonswa kwemithambo yemilenze.
- Kunconywa udokotela ohlinzayo wethambo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uchwepheshe uzokubona ukungabikho noma ukuba khona kwezinguquko ezinamandla emilenzeni, ngosizo lwe-Ultra ne-DS ukunquma izinga le-patency ye-vascular, kulalela ukububula kwe-systolic ngaphezulu kwemithambo ye-stenotic.
Kungcono ukwenza isivivinyo esilandelayo: isikhundla se-supine, isiguli siphakamisa imilenze yakhe ngo-45 °.
Izinduna kufanele zibe njalo. Ukuhlolwa kunquma ukukhathala okuphelele kwemilenze kanye nezinga lokufiphala kwesikhumba ezinsukeni zezinyawo, futhi izinkomba ziqinisekisa ukunemba kokuhlolwa.
Ungaphatha kanjani
Noma yiziphi izinqubo ze-physiotherapeutic kanye nokwelashwa kwezidakamizwa kuncike kubungako besifo kanye nokwanda kwezimpawu zaso. Izindlela zokwelashwa zingaba ngezasendulo nezendabuko.
Ukwelashwa okujwayelekile
Uma isiguli sifuna ukuthola umphumela omuhle kusukela ekwelashweni, kufanele singene ekuqalisweni okuqinile kwako konke ukuncoma kwabachwepheshe.
Isidingo:
- yeka ukubhema uphuze utshwala;
- zama ukunciphisa umzimba;
- landela ukudla okune-cholesterol ephansi, okungukuthi, ukwenqaba amafutha, ibhotela, udoti, imajarini, amasoseji, imikhiqizo yobisi enamafutha, inhlanzi nenyama, izinhlobo ezinamafutha, imayonnaise, ikhekhe, njll.
- shintshela ezicathulweni ezibanzi nezikhululekile;
- Qaphela lapho usika izipikili;
- hlola njalo futhi uphathe noma yikuphi ukulimala kwemilenze nezinyawo;
- ukuzivocavoca umzimba ukuze usebenzise i-dosed: ukuhamba nsuku zonke ngejubane elilinganiselwe, ukubhukuda, ukuhamba ngebhayisekili;
- gwema i-hypothermia yemilenze;
- silwe nezifo ezihlangene: isifo sikashukela kanye nomfutho wegazi ophakeme.
Ukwelashwa ngezidakamizwa
Ukwelashwa kwe-atherosulinosis yemithambo yemikhawulo engezansi kufaka phakathi imithi, engabekwa kuphela uchwepheshe ofanelekayo.
Izidakamizwa ze-antiplatelet zivimbela ukwakheka kwezihibe zegazi futhi zisebenza njengendlela yokuvimbela imivimbo nokuhlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo:
- Aspirin
- Reopoliglyukin.
Izidakamizwa ezithuthukisa umsebenzi womzimba wesiguli. Ngiyabonga, ukugeleza kwegazi okujwayelekile emilenzeni kuvamile futhi ukuhamba kube nzima kakhulu:
- ICilostazolum.
- I-Pentoxifylline.
Dlulisa izimpawu zobuhlungu kanye namaqhubu:
- Ama-antispasmodics.
- I-Drotaverinum.
Ama-anticoagulants anomphumela we-antiplatelet avimbela ukukhula kwezicucu zegazi, avimbele igazi ekugqokeni emithanjeni yegazi, futhi anciphise i-cholesterol esegazini:
- IHeparin.
- I-Warfarin.
Lapho kukhona izilonda eziyisiqubu, ukugcotshwa ngama-antibiotic kuyasetshenziswa:
- I-Dimexide.
- ILevomekolle
- UDesaskin.
- Oflokain.
Ama-Vasodilators:
- Trental.
- Pentillin.
- I-Pentoxifylline.
- I-Vazaprostan.
- I-Agapurin.
- Izimbali.
Izinqubo zomzimba:
- Hyperbaric oxygenation.
- I-Electrophoresis ene-novocaine.
- I-Darsonvalization.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ochwepheshe banquma izidakamizwa ezithuthukisa umsoco wezicubu namavithamini.
Ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa ekwelashweni kwalesi sifo
Ukuhlinzwa noma ukuhlinzwa kwe-atherosulinosis yemikhawulo kuyindlela eyeqisayo. Ukuhlinzwa kuvame ukunqunyelwa uma kunezinkinga ezinzima futhi kushiwo ischemia.
Luyini usizo lokwelashwa?
- Ukuhlinzwa kweBypass - ukuhlinzeka indlela eyengeziwe yokugeleza kwegazi endaweni ezungeze imithambo yegazi.
- I-balloon angioplasty - ibhaluni elikhulisa i-lumen ye-arterial lifakwe ngaphakathi kwethambo lomkhumbi.
- I-arterial stenting - kufakwa i-spacer yeshubhu esitsheni esishintshiwe, esizogcina ububanzi be-artery ezingeni elifanele.
- I-Endarterectomy - ukubukeka kwendawo ethintekile yomkhumbi kanye nohlu lwamathambo.
- I-Autodermoplasty - isetshenziselwa ukwelapha izilonda ezinamahlwili, ezingasebenzi ngokwelashwa kwasendaweni.
- Ama-Prosthetics - ukushintshwa kwezindawo ezithintekile emithanjeni ngomkhumbi noma zokwenziwa.
- Ukunqunywa kwengxenye ye-necrotic yelungu ngokufakwa okwalandela kwe-prosthesis.
