Iziqithi zeLangerhans ezisezinhlwini zikanokusho zingukuqongelela kwamaseli e-endocrine abhekene nokukhiqizwa kwama-hormone Maphakathi nekhulu le-XIX, usosayensi uPaul Langerhansk bathola wonke amaqembu alawa maseli, ngakho-ke amaqoqo aqanjwa ngaye.
Emini, ama-islets akhiqiza i-2 mg ye-insulin.
Amaseli e-Islet agxiliwe ikakhulukazi kuma-pancreas e-caudal. Isisindo sazo singu-2% wesisindo esiphelele sezindlala. Inani lezindawo ezisakazwayo ku-parenchyma cishe ziyi-1 000,000.
Iqiniso elithokozisayo ukuthi ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa, isingi sezindawo ezingama-issel zithatha u-6% wesisindo samanyikwe.
Kuyo yonke le minyaka, ingxenye yezakhi zomzimba ezinomsebenzi we-endocrine wamanyikwe iyancipha. Ngeminyaka engama-50 yokuba khona komuntu, yi-1-2% yeziqhingi kuphela ezisele
Yimaphi amaseli eyenziwe ngamaqoqo?
Ama-langerhans islets anamaseli anokusebenza okuhlukile kanye ne-morphology.
Ama-pancreas endocrine aqukethe:
- amaseli akhiqiza i-glucagon akhiqiza amaseli. I-hormone ngumphikisi we-insulin futhi inyusa amazinga kashukela wegazi. Amaseli e-Alpha ahlala ku-20% wesisindo samangqamuzana asele;
- amaseli we-beta anesibopho sokuhlanganiswa kwe-ameline ne-insulin, athatha ama-80% esisindo se-islet;
- ukukhiqizwa kwe-somatostatin, okungavimbela imfihlo yezinye izitho, kuhlinzekwa amaseli we-delta. Isisindo sabo sisuka ku-3 siye ku-10%;
- Amaseli we-PP ayadingeka ekwenzeni i-pancreatic polypeptide. I-hormone ithuthukisa umsebenzi oyimfihlo wesisu futhi icindezele ukucasulwa kwe-parenchyma;
- i-ghrelin, ebhekele ukwenzeka kwendlala kubantu, ikhiqizwa amaseli we-epsilon.
Zihlelwe kanjani iziqhingi futhi zenzelwe ini
Umsebenzi oyinhloko owenziwa izincanyana zamaLangerhans ukugcina izinga elifanele lama-carbohydrate emzimbeni nokulawula ezinye izitho ze-endocrine. Iziqhingi zifakwa ngaphakathi kwemizwa enozwela neyobufazi futhi ihlinzekwa ngegazi kakhulu.
Iziqhingi ezi-pancreatic zeLangerhans zinesakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi. Eqinisweni, ngamunye wabo uyisifundo esisebenzayo esisebenza ngokugcwele. Ukwakheka kwalesi siqhingi kunikeza ukushintshanisa phakathi kwezinto eziphilayo ezisebenzayo ze-parenchyma nezinye izindlala. Lokhu kuyadingeka ekusekelweni okuhleliwe kwe-insulin.
Amaseli we-islets ayaxhunyaniswa, okungukuthi, akhiwe ngendlela ye-mosaic. I-islet evuthiwe kumanyikwe inenhlangano efanele. I-islet iqukethe ama-lobules azungeze izicubu ezithintekayo, ama-capillaries egazi adlula ngaphakathi kwamangqamuzana.
Amaseli weBeta atholakala enkabeni ye-lobules, kuyilapho amaseli e-alpha nawase-delta etholakala engxenyeni yangaphakathi. Ngakho-ke, ukwakheka kweziqhingi zeLangerhans kuncike ngokuphelele kusayizi wazo.
Kungani kwenziwa amasosha omzimba ukulwa nama-islets? Uyini umsebenzi wabo we-endocrine? Kuyavela ukuthi indlela yokuxhumana yeziqhingi yakha indlela yokuphendula, bese lawo maseli ethinta amanye amaseli aseduze.
- I-insulin isebenze umsebenzi wamaseli we-beta futhi inhibits cell alpha.
- Amangqamuzana e-Alpha enza i-glucagon isebenze, futhi asebenze kumaseli we-delta.
- ISomatostatin ivimbela umsebenzi wamaseli we-alpha ne-beta.
Kubalulekile! Uma kwenzeka ukwehluleka kwezindlela zokuzivikela komzimba, imizimba yokuzivikela yomzimba eqondiswe ngokumelene namaseli we-beta ayakhiwa. Amaseli ayabhujiswa futhi aholele kwisifo esibi esibizwa ngokuthi yi-mellitus sikashukela.
Kuyini ukufakelwa futhi kungani kudingeka
Enye indlela efanelekile yokufaka i-parenchyma ye-gland ukufakelwa kwezinto ezisetshenziswayo ze-islet. Kulokhu, ukufakwa kwesitho sokufakelwa akudingeki. Ukufakelwa kunikeza abanesifo sikashukela ithuba lokubuyisa ukwakheka kwamangqamuzana e-beta kanye nokufakelwa kwamanyikwe akudingeki ngokugcwele.
Ngokwesisekelo sezifundo zokwelapha, kwafakazelwa ukuthi ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, ezinikele ngama-islet cell, ukulawulwa kwamazinga we-carbohydrate kubuyiselwa ngokuphelele. Ukuvimbela ukwenqatshwa kwezicubu zabanikelayo, lezi ziguli zathola ukwelashwa okunamandla kwe-immunosuppressive.
Ukubuyisela izitolo, kukhona okunye okubalulekile - amaseli we-stem. Njengoba izinqolobane zamaseli ezinikelayo azinamkhawulo, indlela enjalo ifanelekile.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba umzimba ubuyisele amandla amasosha omzimba, ngaphandle kwalokho amaseli asanda kuthelwa kabusha azokwenqatshwa noma achithwe ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile.
Ukwelashwa okuvuselelwa namuhla kukhula ngokushesha, kunikeza amasu amasha kuzo zonke izindawo. I-Xenotransplantation nayo iyathembisa - ukufakelwa komuntu kwenyathi yengulube.
Izingulube ze-pig parenchyma zazisetshenziselwa ukwelapha isifo sikashukela ngisho nangaphambi kokuba kutholakale i-insulin. Kuyavela ukuthi izindlala zabantu nezingulube zihlukile ku-amino acid eyodwa.
Njengoba isifo sikashukela sikhula ngenxa yomonakalo esiqhingini saseLangerhans, isifundo sawo sinamathuba amahle okwelashwa okusebenzayo kwalesi sifo.
