Ukwanda kweglucose egazini cishe njalo kubonisa izinguquko ezinkulu empilweni yomuntu. Lokhu kusabela ekuphazamisweni kwe-metabolic noma ukwehluleka kwe-hormonal. Imvamisa izimpawu zesifo zivele ngisho noma zingasekho esigabeni sokuqala. Ngakho-ke, ukuze ungalahli isikhathi sokwelashwa kwalesi sifo, kubalulekile ukunquma ushukela ngemiphumela yokuhlolwa kwegazi.
Luyini ushukela?
I-glucose iyi-monosaccharide yegazi eyi-crystal engenamibala. Kubhekwa njengomthombo oyinhloko wamandla kumuntu, okusho ukuthi yiwona anquma umsebenzi wawo. I-3.3-5.5 mmol / L izinga elijwayelekile leshukela emzimbeni womuntu.
Ama-hormone amabili alawula ushukela wegazi. Ziyi-insulin neglucagon. I-hormone yokuqala inyusa ukuvama kwezimpawu zamangqamuzana nokulethwa kweglucose kuwo. Ngaphansi kwethonya laleli hormone, ushukela uguqulwa ube yi-glycogen.
I-Glucagon, kunalokho, iguqula i-glycogen ibe ushukela, ngaleyo ndlela ikhuphula izinga layo egazini. Ukwanda okwengeziwe kweglucose kunomthelela ekuthuthukisweni kwezifo eziyingozi.
Ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yokuhlolwa kwegazi, izinga likashukela emzimbeni liyanqunywa kanye nokwelashwa kwezifo kuqala.
Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokuhlolwa kwegazi
Ezenzweni zokwelapha, kuhlolwa igazi nge-capillary, kukhethwa izinto ezivela emunweni, noma ekuhlolweni kwegazi le-venous. Kunezinhlobo ezi-4 zokuhlolwa kwegazi kwelebhu Kunamazinga kashukela.
- indlela yokuqagela ushukela we-elebhu;
- indlela yokuveza;
- ukuzimisela kwe-glycated hemoglobin;
- Ukuhlaziywa ngaphansi kwethonya lomthwalo "ushukela".
Ukuhlaziywa kubhekwa kunembe ngokwengeziwe lapho indlela yokunquma izinga kashukela emzimbeni yenziwa khona endaweni yokucwaninga.
Ubuhle bendlela ebonakalayo ingabhekwa ukuthi ukucubungula i-glucose kungenziwa ngaphandle kosizo lwangaphandle ekhaya noma emsebenzini. Kodwa-ke, kungenzeka ukuthi ithuluzi elinquma izinga likashukela lingasebenzi kahle. Lokhu kuzobandakanya iphutha ezilinganisweni, okusho ukuthi imiphumela yokuhlaziywa ingethembeki.
Okungaba yinkomba yokuhlaziya
Kunezimpawu ezimbalwa lapho udokotela ancoma ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuthola amazinga kashukela. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:
- ukunciphisa isisindo;
- umuzwa ongapheli wokukhathala;
- umuzwa ongapheli wokoma nomlomo owomile;
- ukuchama kaningi nokwanda kwevolumu yomchamo.
Imvamisa, izifo ezahlukahlukene ezihambisana nokukhula kwe-glucose zitholakala kubantu abanokweqile futhi banomfutho wegazi ophakeme.
Iziguli ezinjalo zingadinga amaphilisi omfutho wegazi ophezulu wesifo sikashukela, leli yiphuzu elibalulekile, ngoba akuyona yonke izidakamizwa ezingaphuzwa nesifo esinjalo.
Amathuba okugula nawo aphezulu kubantu abanezihlobo eziye zagula ngokufanayo noma abanokuphazamiseka komzimba.
Ngalezi zinto, udokotela uncoma ukuqapha amazinga eglucose njalo.
Ukuhlolwa kwasekhaya kunqunyelwe kumacala alandelayo:
- uma kunesidingo, ukuhlolwa okuphelele;
- kanye nokuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic osekutholakele;
- ukuthola ukuphumelela kokwelashwa;
- phambi kwezifo kanye nokungasebenzi kahle kwamanyikwe.
Ilungiselela ukuhlolwa
Ukuhlolwa kweglucose yegazi kuzodinga ukuzilungiselela okuthile.
Kubalulekile ukuhambisana nezidingo ezithile, ezithi:
- kuhlolwe igazi esiswini esingenalutho. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kungakapheli amahora angama-7-8 ngaphambi kokuhlaziywa okufanele kube isidlo sokugcina. Kunconywa ukuphuza amanzi ahlanzekile futhi angahlafunwanga;
- ngolunye usuku ngaphambi kokuhlaziywa, qeda ngokuphelele ukusetshenziswa kotshwala;
- ngaphambi kokuhlola, akunconywa ukuxubha amazinyo akho noma ukuhlafuna itshungama;
- okungcono, ngaphambi kokuhlaziya, yeka ukusebenzisa yonke imithi. Uma ungakwazi ukwenqaba ngokuphelele, kufanele wazise udokotela wakho ngalokhu;
Ukwehliswa kwemiphumela yokuhlolwa
Imiphumela yokuhlaziya iveza okuqukethwe kwe-glucose emzimbeni kanye nenani lokuphambuka kwalo kusuka ezingeni elijwayelekile. Ukuhumusha kubheka ukuthi okuqukethwe ushukela egazini kuqashelwa njengokujwayelekile ebangeni le-3.3-5.5 mmol / l.
Izinga likashukela elingaba ngu-6 mmol / L libhekwa njengesimo se-prediabetesic. Futhi, isizathu sezinga elikhulayo kungaba ukwephulwa kwenqubo yokulungiselela ukuhlaziya. Ushukela ngaphezulu kwaleli zinga libhekwa njengesisekelo sokuxilongwa kwesifo sikashukela.
Izimbangela zokuphambuka koshukela kusuka kokujwayelekile
Izizathu zokwanda koshukela egazini zingaba ngale ndlela elandelayo:
- ukucindezela noma ukuvivinya umzimba kakhulu;
- isithuthwane
- ukwephulwa kokukhiqizwa kwama-hormone;
- ukudla ukudla ngaphambi kokuvakashela udokotela;
- ukudakwa komzimba;
- ukusetshenziswa kwemithi.
Ukuncipha kwe-glucose okwehlisiwe kungabonakala ngezizathu eziningi.
Izimbangela zokuncipha kwe-glucose emzimbeni yilezi:
- ubuthi botshwala;
- ukungasebenzi kahle kwesibindi;
- nokubambelela isikhathi eside ekudleni okuqinile;
- izifo ezahlukahlukene zepheshana lesisu;
- isisindo ngokweqile;
- ukuphazamiseka emsebenzini wesistimu yezinzwa neyenhliziyo;
- ubuthi obunzima;
- ukuthatha umthamo omkhulu we-insulin.
Ukuqinisekisa noma ukukhipha ubukhona be-mellitus yesifo sikashukela sanoma yiluphi uhlobo, kusetshenziswa izivivinyo ezimbili zokuhlaziya.
Imvamisa, ukuxilongwa kwesiguli nokuthola eminye imithi kuncike emiphumeleni yabo.
Ukuhlaziywa komthwalo ushukela
Umongo walokhu kuhlaziywa unje ngokulandelayo. Umuntu unikela ngegazi amahora amabili amahlandla ama-4. Isampula legazi lokuqala lenziwa esiswini esingenalutho. Ngemuva kokuba isiguli siphuze ama-75 ml. ushukela oncibilikile. Ngemuva kwemizuzu engama-60, isampula yegazi iyaphindwa. Ngemuva kwalokho inqubo iphindwa kulokhu ngalesi sikhathi sokuphumula kwengxenye yehora.
Ekuphenduleni okujwayelekile kwesiguli kushukela, isampula legazi lokuqala kufanele libe neshukela eliphansi. Ngemuva komthamo wokuqala, izinga lenyuka, bese liyehla, okuqinisekiswa ukuhlolwa kwegazi ngoshukela.
IGlycated Hemoglobin
Imiphumela yalolu vivinyo inquma isilinganiso seglucose phakathi nesikhathi. Isikhathi esiphezulu sesikhathi esiyizinyanga ezi-3. Inani ushukela emzimbeni linqunywa ngokusezingeni lokuphendula kwamangqamuzana egazi kanye noshukela kanye nokwakheka kwe-glycated hemoglobin.
Lokhu kuhlaziya kwenziwa ukuze kutholakale umphumela wokwelashwa nezidakamizwa ezinqunyiwe. Kwenziwa cishe izinyanga ezintathu ngemuva kokuqala kokwelashwa. Isampula yegazi yenziwa kusuka emunweni, kungakhathaleki ukuthi kudliwani ngesikhathi sosuku.
