I-pancreatitis ukuqubuka kwamanyikwe. Le nqubo ye-pathological ingenzeka ngezindlela zombili futhi ezingamahlalakhona. Uma ngenxa yefomu ebabazekayo, ukusebenza okugcwele kwesitho kungabuyiselwa, khona-ke umlando uchaza ukwehla okungapheli komthamo osebenzayo we-gland, kanye nezikhathi zokuphindaphindana kokunye nokuxolelwa.
Isimo esiyingozi kakhulu sibonisa nge-pancreatic necrosis, futhi ukuxilongwa okunjalo kuvame ukuholela ekufeni. I-pancreatitis engapheli ingafika ku-necrosis, iguquke, ngenxa yokuchayeka isikhathi eside notshwala, njengenye yezici.
Ngokwezibalo, izehlakalo zokuthi isifo se-pancreatitis esingamahlalakhona sisukela kumaphesenti amahlanu kuya kwayi-9 yako konke ukugula okuhambisana nomsebenzi wegaya wokugaya ukudla. Kuze kube manje, lolu hlobo lwalesi sifo lwaqala ukulimaza kabili kaningi njengaseminyakeni engama-30 edlule. Kungaphawulwa ukuthi i-pancreatitis engamahlalakhona ivame kakhulu kubantu besilisa kunabesifazane, futhi inkinga iqala ngemuva kweminyaka engama-35.
Akukho lutho olumangazayo kwizibalo ezinje, ngoba ubuqiniso bempilo yanamuhla buyalela nokudla, futhi lokhu, kuholela ekungondleki, ngokushesha, ngokudla okusheshayo. Kodwa-ke, kukhona amacala e-pancreatitis kuleli fomu ezinganeni, futhi okubonisa ukunganakwa ngokuphelele kwemithetho yokudla okufanele.
Isigaba sokuqala sokukhula kwe-pancreatitis engapheli singathatha iminyaka eyi-10 futhi sibonakaliswa ngokushintsha okusuka ekuxolelweni okuphikelelayo kuya ekushiseni. Njengomthetho, isiguli sikhononda ngobuhlungu emgodini wesisu. Esikhathini sesigaba sesibili, imotility yamathumbu engasebenzi kahle, kanye nokuncipha kwesisindo, kuyabonakala.
Izinzwa zobuhlungu ziba zincane, kepha kunenqubo yokuthuthuka kwazo zonke izinhlobo zezinkinga ze-pancreatitis. Lesi sifo sihambisana nokukhishwa kwama-enzyme egazini, okubangela ukudakwa okungathi sína komzimba wonke.
Izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-pancreatitis engapheli
Isayensi yezokwelapha yanamuhla yazi izindlela eziningana zokuhlukanisa i-pancreatitis yohlobo lwezifundo ezingapheli.
Ukuhlukaniswa Kwama-Classical:
- i-pancreatitis eyinhloko (iba njengesifo esiyisisekelo);
- okwesibili (iba ngumphumela wokuxinaniswa kwezinye izifo);
- i-autoimmune pancreatitis (kwenzeka ngenxa yokuhlaselwa kwamasosha omzimba wakho kuma-pancreas);
- ubuthi-metabolic (obonakaliswe ngaphansi kwethonya lezidakamizwa noma uphuzo oludakayo);
- I-idiopathic (ingavela ngaphandle kwezimfuneko);
- ifa (umphumela wesici sofuzo);
- i-pancreatitis ejwayelekile (izinkathi zokuxolelwa zide kakhulu kunokweqile).
Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-pancreatitis engapheli ngokusho kukaCousin:
- okuyisisekelo (kwenzeka ngokungafani nesizinda se-etiology yezokwelapha, i-alcoholic, engachazwanga, kanye nomphumela wokuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic);
- i-post-traumatic (iba ngumphumela wokulimala kwe-pancreatic, kanye nokungenelela kokuhlinzwa);
- okwesibili (okubangelwa ezinye izifo).
Ukubalwa Kwamazwe Ngamazwe (2007):
- ngemvelaphi;
- ngokwesithombe somtholampilo;
- ngokusho kobunzima be-pancreatitis.
Kubonakala kanjani i-pancreatitis?
Ngenqubo yokuvuvukala kumanyikwe, isiguli sizwa ubuhlungu obukhulu kakhulu emgodini wesisu, size sikhulu engxenyeni yesobunxele futhi sibuyele emuva. Kukhona ukudakwa okubizelwe ngendlela: isicanucanu, umkhuhlane, ukuncipha kokudla, umkhuhlane, ubuthakathaka obujwayelekile nokuhlanza.
I-pancreatitis engapheli ibonakala ngezihlalo ezinamafutha ezinezimpawu zokudla okusele kungaphanjwanga. Kunezinhlobo ezithile ze-pancreatitis ezingazivezi ezinye izimpawu ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka kokugaya ukudla noma ukungahambi kahle engxenyeni engezansi yesisu.
Izibalo zithi ngemuva kokuxilongwa kokuqala kokulimazeka okungapheli emzimbeni wesitho, kumaphesenti angama-20 amacala, ukufa kungenzeka eminyakeni eyishumi yokuqala yesifo. Eminyakeni engama-20 elandelayo yesifo, lesi sikhombisi kungenzeka sisezingeni lama-50 eziguli ezine-pancreatitis. Ukufa kwenzeka ngenxa yezinkinga zesifo, kanye nezifo ezithathelanayo. Ingozi yomdlavuza we-pancreatic nayo iyanda.
Ngabe inqubo yokuxilonga ihamba kanjani?
Ukubona i-pancreatitis engamahlalakhona, ungafaka cishe zonke izinhlobo zamasu angama-90. Njengomthetho, akekho noyedwa kubo okwazi ukwenza lokhu ezigabeni zokuqala zaso lesi sifo, lapho izinkinga eziningi zingavikeleka futhi isifo siyeke.
Inkinga yokuxilonga ukuthi izindlela eziningi zocwaningo azikwazi ukubheka isigaba kanye ne-multisymptom ye-pancreatitis.
Ikhwalithi enganele kanye nemishini ephelelwe yisikhathi, kanye nokuntuleka kwama-algorithms wokuxilonga acacile nakho kuholela emaphutheni.
Njengomthetho, i-pancreatitis engapheli ingasungulwa ngenxa yokuhlolwa okuphelele komzimba wesiguli. Izindlela zokuxilonga zifaka:
- ukuhlolwa kwegazi okujwayelekile ukuthola ukubalwa kwamaseli amhlophe egazi, i-ESR nezinye izinkomba;
- i-biochemistry yegazi ukufakwa kwama-enzyme;
- urinalysis ukuthola i-amylase;
- Ukuhlaziywa kwendle ukuze kube nokudla okungaphanjwanga;
- ukuxilongwa kwe-ultrasound kwezitho zesisu ukuthola ukuthobana nezinguquko;
- i-gastroscopy;
- I-X-ray
- i-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography;
- izivivinyo ngemuva komthwalo weglucose emzimbeni.
Iphathwa kanjani i-pancreatitis engapheli?
Amasu anamuhla okuphatha lesi sifo esiyingozi anikezela ngendlela ehlanganisiwe yokujwayeza ukubuyisela impilo yesitho esithintekile.
Okusho ukuthi, ukwelashwa kwe-pancreatitis engapheli akusho ukuthi endaweni eyodwa kuphela, kubalulekile ukugcizelela ngokushesha, ngoba inqubo yokuvuselelwa nokwelashwa uqobo kuyinkimbinkimbi egcwele yendlela yezidakamizwa kanye nokudla okufanele.
Ukuvuvukala kwama-pancreas kungabangelwa yizinto ezahlukahlukene futhi kubangele ukudakwa okuhlukile komzimba. Ngalesi sizathu, indlela yokwelashwa kufanele ibe yodwa futhi uma kwenzeka kuba nokuhlaselwa okuyingozi kuyadingeka ukufuna ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo.
I-pancreatitis engapheli idinga kuphela ukwelashwa ngezidakamizwa, kodwa futhi nokudla okukhethekile. Kwezinye izimo, ukuhlinzwa akukwazi ukusatshalaliswa.
Ezinsukwini ezintathu zokuqala esibhedlela, kuzodingeka ukuthi kuhambisane nokuphumula kokudla, futhi ugcine nokuphumula kombhede.
Imithi
Ukwelashwa kwe-pancreatitis engapheli yezidakamizwa kuhloselwe ukuxazulula izinkinga eziningana ngasikhathi sinye:
- ukuqedwa kobuhlungu. Ukwanda okucacile kokuvuvukala okungapheli kucishe kuhambisane nesifo sobuhlungu obuqinile obungaamiswa nemithi ethile, ngokwesibonelo, uNo-shpa, uPapaverine, uNovocaine, u-Atropine, u-Promedol, kanye noPlififillin. Iphutha elikhulu kuzoba ukusetshenziswa kwe-Aspirin, iNise noma amanye amaphilisi afanayo. Zicasula kakhulu ulwelwesi lwama-mucous, futhi futhi zinciphise ngokweqile igazi, zibangele ukopha;
- ukuvimbela ukukhiqizwa kwe-pancreatic juice. I-Proton inhibitors engasetshenziswa - Umuthi we-Omeprazole we-pancreatitis noma we-Contrical;
- ukwethulwa kwamanyikwe kusetshenziswa ukwelashwa okubuyiselwe esikhundleni. Ukusetshenziswa kwama-enzymes we-amylase, lipase, ne-pancreatin kungabekwa, futhi kufundwe.Angakhishwa ngaphansi kwezimpawu zokuthengisa ezithi Mezim, Festal, Digestal, Creon, Panzinorm;
- Ukwelashwa kwe-antibacterial ukuvikela ukukhula kokutheleleka emzimbeni. Udokotela angabeka imithi elwa namagciwane, njenge-Ampicillin;
- uma ibhalansi yamanzi emzimbeni iphazamiseka, khona-ke ezimweni ezinjalo ukwelashwa okubuyiselwa kunikezwa ngendlela yezixazululo (i-saline ne-physiological).
Ukuhlinzwa
Ukwelashwa kwe-pancreatitis engapheli kungenzeka futhi nokuhlinzwa, kungaba ukudonsa kwe-cystic neoplasms, kanye nokuhlelwa kabusha kwethambo, ukusebenza kuyenzeka futhi uma kutholakala amatshe e-pancreatic. Ukuhlinzwa ukuqeda i-pancreatitis engapheli kungasebenza ezimeni ezinjalo:
- Uhlobo lwesifo luyinkimbinkimbi futhi luhambisana ne-jaundice evimbayo;
- Ubuhlungu obukhulu obungapheli ngemuva kokulashwa isikhathi eside ngemithi;
- kwakhiwa amasoyi
Ukudla kokudla
Ngesikhathi sokuxolelwa, iziguli ezine-pancreatitis engapheli kufanele zilinganisele nsuku zonke ekudleni okuphezulu emafutheni namaprotheni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukudla okunezipayisi, ukudla okuhlanganayo kwesitshalo, ikofi, ukhukhunathi, amasodosi kanye namajusi omuncu kufanele kungafakwa eceleni.
Kungcono ukukhetha amanzi amaminerali we-Esentuki No. 4, Smirnovskaya, Slavyanskaya. Kuzoba kuhle ukulandela ukudla okhethekile, kanti namanzi amaminerali nge-pancreatitis azohlinzeka uketshezi oludingekayo. Yidla ngokwezingxenyana futhi izikhathi ezingaphezu kwama-5 ngosuku.
Ungakuvimbela kanjani ukuthuthukiswa kwe-pancreatitis eyingozi?
Noma ngabe yikuphi ukwelashwa kokulimala kwe-pancreatic, akunakuba sezingeni eliphezulu ngaphandle kwezinyathelo ezengeziwe zokuvimbela ukwanda kwesifo. Ikhuba elimaza kakhulu umzimba futhi lo mzimba uthintwa ngotshwala ngakho-ke, ngenhloso yokuvikela, kufanele wenqabe ngangokunokwenzeka. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqala ukwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi noma yiziphi izinkinga nge-bile ducts, isisu kanye ne-duodenum, futhi nokudla kahle. Lezi zinyathelo zizokuvumela ukuthi wengeze isikhathi sokuxolelwa ngenkathi ye-pancreatitis engamahlalakhona.
