I-Alanine aminotransferase ne-aspartate aminotransferase angama-enzyme ababambiqhaza abakhuthele ekushintshanisweni kwama-amino acid. I-ALT ne-AST kungatholakala kumaseli ezinso, isibindi, izicubu zenhliziyo, nezinye izitho zomzimba. Uma bangena egazini, lokhu kukhombisa ukuba khona kwanoma yikuphi ukwephulwa kwezitho ngenxa yokubhujiswa kweseli. Inani elikhulayo lama-enzyme ngokuvamile libonisa ukukhula kwesifo esibi. Ukwehlisa ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungakhombisa ukuthi yisiphi isilungu esilimele, izinga le-ALT ne-AST lizonyuswa kakhulu kulo.
I-ALT itholakala ezinso, isibindi, inhliziyo, izicubu zemisipha kanye namanyikwe. I-AST itholakala nezicubu zemisipha, imicu yezinzwa, isibindi, inhliziyo, inani elincane le-enzyme likhona kumanyikwe, emaphashini nasezinso. Uma kwenzeka kulimala lezi zitho zomzimba, i-enzyme isakazeka ngamangqamuzana alimele bese ingena emithanjeni yegazi. Lokhu kuholela ekwandeni kwe-ALT noma i-AST egazini.
I-Norm ALT ne-AST esegazini lomuntu
Ukuze kutholakale izinkomba zama-enzyme ohlelweni lokujikeleza kwegazi, kwenziwa ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-biochemical. Ukuthola imiphumela efanele, isifundo senziwa ekuseni ngesisu esingenalutho. Ngaphambi kokuya emtholampilo ukuyokuhlaziya, awukwazi ukudla ukudla okungenani amahora ayisishiyagalombili. Lapho kunqunywa izinga le-ALT ne-AST, igazi eli-venous liyadingeka.
Kwabesifazane, indlela ejwayelekile yezinkomba iphansi kakhulu kunabesilisa futhi ingamayunithi angama-31 / ilitha. Kwabesilisa, umphumela we-ALT awuthathwa njengophakeme kuno-45 U / L, AST 47 U / L. Ebuntwaneni, i-ALT akufanele yedlule i-50 U / L. I-AST ezinsaneni ayidluli amayunithi / ilitha ayi-149, ezinganeni ezingaphansi konyaka owodwa hhayi ngaphezulu kwama-55 amayunithi / ilitha. Kuze kube yiminyaka emithathu, izinga le-ALT ye-enzyme lingama-33 amayunithi / ilitha, kuze kube yiminyaka eyisithupha - amayunithi angama-29 / ilitha. Esikhathini sobusha, izinga le-ALT akufanele libe ngaphezulu kwama-39 amayunithi / ilitha. Ngokuvamile, ebuntwaneni, ukuphambuka okuncane kusuka kokujwayelekile kungabhekwa, okuhambisana nokukhula komzimba okungalingani.
Kumele kuqondwe ukuthi imiphumela yocwaningo izoncika ekutheni iyiphi ukuhlolwa kwegazi okwenziwe kuyo. Ngakho-ke, izinkomba ezinembile zingashiwo kuphela udokotela onguchwepheshe ojwayelene nokutolika kwemiphumela.
Ukuhlaziywa kungakhombisa nedatha engalungile uma isiguli sathatha i-aspirin, paracetamol noma inzalo ngosuku lokugcina. Ikakhulu, izidakamizwa ezivela ku-valerian noma i-echinacea zithinta umzimba ngendlela efanayo. Ukwanda kwezinkomba kungadala ukusebenza ngokweqile komzimba noma ukwethulwa kwezidakamizwa intramuscularly.
Izizathu zokulengiswa kwe-ALT
Uma ukuhlaziywa bekukhombisa ukuthi inkomba ye-enzyme kwesinye noma kwesinye isitho iyakhuphuka, lokhu kukhombisa ubukhona besifo salesi sitho. Ukwanda kwezinkomba kungabangelwa izizathu eziningi.
- Amazinga we-enzyme angaphakama ngenxa ye-hepatitis noma esinye isifo esibucayi sesibindi, njengokuphazamisa ushintsho lwesibindi. Nge-hepatitis yezindlela ezahlukahlukene, ukubhujiswa okusebenzayo kwamaseli kwenzeka, ngenxa yokuthi i-ALT ingena ohlelweni lokujikeleza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isiguli sinokuqaqeka kwesikhumba, izinhlungu ngaphansi kwembambo kwesokudla, isisu sivuvukala. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungakhombisa nokwanda kwamazinga we-bilirubin. Ngokwezinga le-enzyme egazini likhuphuka, isifo sesiguli sithuthukiswa kanjalo.
- Njengomphumela we-myocardial infarction, kufa kwamaseli emisipha yenhliziyo kwenzeka, okuholela ekungeneni kwe-ALT ne-AST egazini. Isiguli ngokwengeziwe sizwa ubuhlungu esifundeni senhliziyo, esinikezwa uhlangothi lwesobunxele lomzimba. Ubuhlungu abukhiphi futhi buhlala okungenani isigamu sehora. Isiguli sinokuphefumula komoya, ubuthakathaka, isiyezi nokulindela ukufa.
- Izifo zenhliziyo zohlobo oluhlukile nazo ziholela eqinisweni lokuthi izinga le-ALT ohlelweni lokujikeleza kwegazi liphakeme. Ukugula isikhathi eside kubhubhisa kancane kancane izicubu zenhliziyo, kukhuphula inani le-enzyme. Kulesi simo, isiguli sinezinkinga zokuphefumula, i-palpitations, ukwehla njalo kwengcindezi yegazi.
- Futhi, izinga le-enzyme egazini lingakhuphuka ngenxa yokulimala okuhlukahlukene komzimba okuholela kumonakalo ohlelweni lwemisipha. Kubandakanya izinkomba kuthinteka kakhulu ukushiswa namanye amanxeba.
- Ngenxa yokuvuvukala kwezicubu ze-pancreatic, i-pancreatitis iyakhula, lapho inkomba ye-enzyme ikhuphuka kakhulu. Isiguli sizwa izinhlungu esiswini, ukwehla okubukhali kwesisindo kwenzeka, ukuqubuka kwesisu kanye nezitulo ezivame ukukhululeka ziyabonakala.
Izizathu zokwandisa i-AST
I-AST inyuka ezifweni zesistimu yezinhliziyo, amanyikwe, isibindi. Kunezizathu eziningana zokunyuka kwezinga le-enzyme egazini.
- Isizathu esiyinhloko esenza ukuthi izinga le-AST liphakanyiswe imvamisa ukubekwa phansi kwegazi. Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-ALT, ekhuphuka kancane, i-AST ikhulu kaningi ngalesi sifo.
- I-ALT iphakanyisiwe ngemuva kokuhlinzwa ohlelweni lwezinhliziyo. Futhi, izinkomba zanda ngenxa yezinye izifo zenhliziyo.
- Imvamisa, amazinga akhuphukayo e-AST, afana ne-ALT egazini, abangela ukuqina kwesibindi kwesibindi, ukudakwa kotshwala, i-hepatitis, umdlavuza nezinye izifo zesibindi.
- Amazinga we-enzyme angaphakanyiswa ngenxa yokulimala okungathi sína nokushiswa amanxeba.
- Ukuba khona kwe-pancreatitis ebukhali noma engamahlalakhona kungadala ukwanda okukhulu kwe-enzyme egazini.
Uma i-ALT iphakeme kwabesifazane abakhulelwe
Ngaphandle kokuthi inqubo evamile ye-enzyme kwabesifazane ayidluli amayunithi angama-31 / ilitha, ezinyangeni zokuqala zokukhulelwa, okubhaliwe kokuhlaziywa kungakhombisa ukwanda okuncane kwezinkomba. Lokhu kuthathwa njengokujwayelekile futhi akudingi ukwelashwa okwengeziwe.
Kwi-trimester yokugcina yokukhulelwa, abesifazane bangakhula nge-gestosis yobunzima obuqinile noma obulinganiselayo, okuholela ekunyuseni kwengcindezi, ubuthakathaka, isiyezi kanye nokuba nenhliziyo njalo. Lokhu kudala ukwanda kwamazinga e-ALT. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukubheka njalo ukwazi. yini i-cholesterol ejwayelekile kwabesifazane abakhulelwe.
Izinkomba ziphakeme kakhulu zokuhlaziya, lapho kuba nzima kakhulu isisu kowesifazane okhulelwe. Isizathu sonke singumthwalo obalulekile esibindini, ongenaso isikhathi sokubhekana nazo. Uma imiphumela ye-ATL idlulwa ngokungadingekile, ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kuyadingeka ukuthola imbangela.
Ungawehlisa kanjani i-ALT
Ukwehlisa amazinga ama-enzyme egazini, okokuqala kudingeka ukuthi ususe imbangela yokwanda kwamazinga e-ALT. Njengoba iningi odokotela bexilonga isifo sesibindi, udinga ukuhlolwa okugcwele, uphumelele zonke izivivinyo ezidingekayo bese uqala ukwelashwa.
Ngemuva kokuthi isiguli siziqedele zonke izinqubo nenkambo yokuphuza imishanguzo, udokotela ubeka okunye ukuhlolwa kwegazi. Uma isiguli silandela ukudla okwelaphayo, sathatha imishanguzo ebekiwe futhi silandela impilo enempilo, inkomba ye-ALT ngemuva kwenkambo yokwelashwa izobuyela kokujwayelekile.
Kwezinye izimo, udokotela angahlinzeka ngemithi ekhethekile ukwehlisa izinga lama-enzyme ohlelweni lokujikeleza kwegazi. Izidakamizwa ezinjalo zibandakanya iDuphalac, Heptral neHofitol. Kumele athathwe ngokuqinile ngokuya ngemiyalo nangaphansi kokuhlolwa ngudokotela oholayo. Kubalulekile ukuthi uthathe ama-contraindication ngaphambi kokuthatha umuthi.
Okwamanje, izidakamizwa zizodambisa kuphela isimo somuntu, kepha ngeke zisuse isizathu sokwanda kwamazinga e-ALT. Ngemuva kokuthi isiguli sithathe umuthi isikhashana, inani lama-enzyme lizokwehla isikhashana. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukukhomba imbangela yalesi sifo futhi welashwa.
