Ezinso, ushukela uhlungwa nge-glomeruli. Kepha, ngaphandle kwalokhu, kuma-renal tubules, amunca ngokuphelele egazini uma umuntu ephilile. Lokhu kuphakamisa ukuthi kubantu abaphilile, ushukela akufanele abonwe umchamo. Ingaqukatha kuphela izinsalela zayo ezingasho lutho, ezinganqunywa ngisho nasekuhlolweni kwe-biochemical noma jikelele.
I-glucose egazini ingakhombisa isimo sempilo. Imvamisa, umkhawulo ojwayelekile wale nkomba izinombolo kusuka ku-8,8 kuye ku-9.9 mmol / ilitha. Uma inani likashukela egazini likhuphuka, khona-ke ama-turbu tubules awakwazi ukubhekana nomsebenzi wawo futhi awukwazi ukubuyisa lonke ushukela egazini.
Ngenxa yalokhu, i-glucose ikhona kumchamo, futhi lesi simo emithini sibizwa ngokuthi yi-glucosuria. Ngobudala, ukwehla kancane kancane embundweni woshukela wegazi osunguliwe kwenzeka, futhi lokhu okujwayelekile nakho kungancipha ngezifo ezahlukahlukene zezinso.
Ngokusekelwe kulokho okwandulelayo, ukuba khona koshukela kumchamo kungenxa yokuqukethwe kwaso egazini noma ukwehla embundwini we-renal, kunoma yikuphi, isici siyephulwa. Odokotela bahlukanisa i-glucosuria ngezindlela eziningi:
- I-Alimentary glucosuria - ikhula ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kokudla okuqukethe ama-carbohydrate amaningi, okusho ukuthi amazinga kashukela wegazi akhuphuka kafushane.
- I-glucosuria engokomzwelo - ushukela unganqunywa kumchamo ngenxa yezimo ezicindezelayo.
- I-glucosuria ye-Extrarenal iyindlela yokudla lapho ushukela womchamo ubonakala ngokukhula kokuqukethwe kwawo egazini.
Futhi, kwesinye isikhathi ushukela emchameni ungabambezeleka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kwabesifazane.
Ukutholwa kweglucose ekuhlolweni umchamo kungahlanganiswa nezizathu eziningi. Isibonelo, lokhu kwenzeka ngesifo sikashukela futhi lapha isimo soshukela sesivele sikhombisa isifo. Kulokhu, ushukela umchamo unqunywa ezigulini ngisho nasekukhathazweni okuphansi egazini.
Imvamisa lokhu kungenzeka nge-mellitus yesifo sikashukela. Ezicubu zezinso, ushukela ungafakwa egazini kuphela lapho kudalulwa i-enzyme ekhethekile ebizwa nge-hexokinase (inqubo ye-phosphorylation).
Kepha ngesifo sikashukela, le enzyme ingasebenza kuphela ngosizo lwe-insulin. Kungakho ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, umkhawulo wezinso uvame ukuncishiswa. Uma izinqubo ze-sclerotic zenzeka ezicutshini zezinso, khona-ke ngisho nezinga eliphakeme le-glucose egazini, ngeke litholakale umchamo.
Ushukela kumchamo lungavela futhi njengomphumela we-pancreatitis oyingozi. Futhi, ezinye izifo ezithile zingaholela ekubonakaleni kwe-glucose kumchamo.
I-Glucosuria yemvelaphi ephakathi ingenzeka ngenxa yezinqubo zesimila ebuchosheni, i-meningitis, i-hemorrhagic stroke, i-encephalitis kanye nokulimala ekhanda.
I-Endocrine glucosuria ingumphumela wokwakhiwa okwandayo kwe-thyroxine, i-hormone yokukhula, glucocorticosteroids ne-adrenaline. I-glucosuria enomkhuhlane ibangelwa izifo ezihambisana nomkhuhlane.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubuthi obunezinto ezithile (i-morphine, i-chloroform, i-phosphorus noma i-strychnine) bukhula nge-glucosuria enobuthi, futhi ngokuncipha komkhawulo wezinso, i-renal glucosuria iyakhula.
Ama-glucosuria aphansi nawesibili nawo ahlukaniswa. Uhlobo lokuqala lukhula lapho ushukela ojwayelekile wehla egazini noma ukungabikho kwalo. Isibili lingabangelwa yi-nephrosis, i-pyelonephritis, ukwehluleka kwe-renal acute, kanye nesifo sikaGirke.
Inkomba yenani le-glucose kumchamo ibaluleke kakhulu, kanye nokujwayelekile kwayo, ngoba kungakhombisa ukuba khona kwezifo ezibucayi kwabesilisa nabesifazane. Ngakho-ke, uma umuntu esethole ushukela kumchamo wakhe, kudingeka afune usizo lodokotela ngokuphuthumayo.
Izimbangela zokuthola ushukela kumchamo
Ushukela kumchamo ungavela ngenxa yezifo ezahlukahlukene. Izimbangela ezinkulu zale nto ukugcwala okukhulayo kwe-glucose egazini, indlela ephazamisekile yokuhlungwa yizinso noma ukubambezeleka kokumukelwa kabusha kweglue kumashubhu.
Ukunquma ngokunemba izimbangela ezivame kakhulu zokuba khona kwe-glucose kumchamo, kuyadingeka ukubona izifo ezithinta ukubonakala kwayo.
Okokuqala, lokhu kufaka:
- isifo sikashukela, kwesinye isikhathi isifo sikashukela esisetshenzisiwe,
- izifo zesibindi ezinzima
- hyperthyroidism
- ubuthi obukhulu nge-chloroform, i-carbon monoxide, i-phosphorus noma i-morphine.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-glucosuria iba nokucasulwa kokuphela okubucayi kwesistimu yezinzwa ephakathi ngenxa yokuwohloka kwamakhemikhali okuzala, ukulimala kobuchopho obuhlukumezanayo, ukuqaqanjelwa yisifo sokuwa, noma i-encephalitis eyingozi.
Phakathi kwezizathu eziyinhloko, izinqubo ze-pathological in the renal tubules noma glomeruli ezitholakala izifo ezithathelanayo eziyingozi, glomerulonephritis, nephritis eseceleni kwabobulili obuqine kakhulu nakwabesifazane kufanele futhi zikhulunywe.
IGlucose emchameni ezinganeni
Uma ushukela kutholakala umchamo wengane, khona-ke lokhu kufanele kubhekwe njengophawu olwesabisa kakhulu, ngoba kuyingozi kakhulu ukwedlula lapho izinga likashukela egazini likhuphuka.
Ukugcwala okukhulu kwe-glucose kumchamo ezinganeni kunezizathu zazo futhi kungakhombisa izimo zesifo se-endocrine system, ngakho-ke, esimweni esinjalo, kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi ubonane nodokotela (i-endocrinologist).
Futhi, i-glucosuria ebuntwaneni ingenzeka ngezifo zezinso noma i-pancreas, futhi kwezinye izimo kungaba yi-pancreatic dysfunction, izimpawu zazo eziyobonakala kahle kakhulu.
Kwezinye izimo, ukuhlolwa komchamo ezinganeni kunganikeza imiphumela engamanga, ngokwesibonelo, isizathu ukuthi ngaphambi kwalokhu ingane yathola inkambo ende yokwelashwa ngamakhambi, yadla amaswidi amaningi ngaphambi kovivinyo, noma yathatha inani elikhulu levithamini C. Ngakho-ke, ngemiphumela enjalo, udokotela kufanele aqale akhiphe konke okusemandleni amaphutha futhi, uma kunesidingo, thumela ukuze ubuyekezwe kabusha.
Izimpawu zesifo
Kokubili kwabesilisa nabesifazane, izinkomba ezijwayelekile, kanye nezinkomba ze-glucose, zingahluka ngokuya ngeminyaka, ukudla, indlela yokuphila nezinye izinto eziningi. Uma ukwanda kweshukela kubhekwa kanye, bese ungakhathazeki, kepha udinga ukuphinda uhlaziye.
Ngokuqukethwe ushukela omningi kumchamo, kuvela izimpawu ezilandelayo:
- - umuzwa onamandla wokoma;
- - isifiso sokulala njalo;
- - Ukwehla kwesisindo okungalindelekile;
- - ukuchama njalo;
- -ukucasulwa nokulunywa endaweni yangasese;
- - Ukuzizwa ukhathele;
- - isikhumba esomile.
Uma okungenani eyodwa yalezi zibonakaliso yenzeka, lapho-ke udinga ukuya esibhedlela, uyohlolwa bese uthola ukuthi isifo sitholakele yini, ucacisa ukuthi inani likashukela libonisa kangakanani kwabesilisa nabesifazane.
Ungakuthola kanjani ukuthi kukhona ushukela kumchamo
Ngokwenza ucwaningo, udinga ukuqoqa umchamo wasekuseni embizeni yengilazi ehlanzekile neyomile. Umthamo wezinto ezibonakalayo kufanele okungenani ube ngama-millilitha.
Lesi siqukathi kufanele sivalwe ngesivalo bese sinikezwa elabhorethri kanjalo. Ngaphambi kokuqoqa umchamo, i-perineum kufanele igezwe ngamanzi afudumele kusetshenziswa insipho engathathi hlangothi. Lokhu kumele kwenziwe ukuze ama-microorganisms aphula ushukela ngokushesha angangeni kumchamo. Kungakho kubalulekile ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi akukho ndaba yakwelinye umchamo olethwe elabhoratri.
Futhi udinga ukuzama ukuletha okusetshenziswayo ukuze kuhlaziywe kungakadluli amahora ayisithupha ngemuva kosuku lokuqoqwa.
Kwesinye isikhathi kuyadingeka ukuthi kuhlolwe umchamo nsuku zonke. Lokhu kusho ukuthi usuku lonke umchamo uqoqwe esitsheni sengilazi esomile, esimnyama. Lokhu kuhlaziywa kukuvumela ukuthi uthole imininingwane enwetshiwe nenembe ngokwengeziwe ngokuxhunywa koshukela emchameni. Kepha elabhorethri, yenani eliphelele lezinto zokufunda ezenziwa lolu cwaningo, kuthathwa kuphela amamililitha ayi-150, lapho kwenziwa ezinye izinto.
Kulezi zinsuku, sekwenziwe ezinye izindlela zokuthola ushukela emchameni wamadoda nowesifazane. Isibonelo, izixazululo zesikhombi noma imichilo zisetshenziselwa le njongo. Izindlela ezinjalo zibizwa ngokuthi izindlela zokuhlaziya ezisezingeni elifanele, kepha izindlela zokuphindisela ziyaziwa ezikuvumela ukuthi unqume futhi ubale inani le-glucose kumchamo.
