Uma isifo sikashukela siyisifo esijwayelekile futhi saziwayo, isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa asijwayeleki kumuntu. Lesi sifo senzeka ngamaphesenti amane kuphela abesifazane abakhulelwe, kodwa kusamele ukwazi ngalesi sifo, ngoba siyingozi kakhulu.
Isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa kanye nezinkinga zaso
I-mestitus yesifo sikashukela sokutholwa kwesifo sikashukela yisifo esidalwa ukwanda okukhulu koshukela egazini ngesikhathi sokuthwala ingane. Isimo esinjalo singathinta kabi impilo yengane ekhula esibelethweni. Ngokukhula kwesifo ku-trimester yokuqala yokukhulelwa, kunengozi enkulu yokuphuphuma kwesisu. Okuyingozi kakhulu ukuthi ngalesi sikhathi, ngenxa yokugula, ingane ingahle ibe nokwakheka kokuzala, okuvame ukuthinta izitho ezibaluleke kakhulu njengobuchopho kanye nohlelo lwethambo.
Uma i-mellitus yesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa ikhula ku-trimester yesibili yokukhulelwa, ingane ifinyelela isisindo ngokweqile futhi iyondliwa. Lokhu kungadala i-hyperinsulinemia enganeni ngemuva kokubeletha, lapho umntwana engemukeli inani elilinganayo le-glucose kusuka kunina. Ngenxa yalokhu, izinga loshukela wegazi lomntwana liba phansi ngokweqile, okuthinta impilo yakhe.
Uma kutholakala isifo sikashukela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kudingeka ukungenelela kwezokwelapha okufunekayo ukuze lesi sifo singabangeli ukuthuthuka kwazo zonke izinhlobo zezinkinga ezisesibelethweni ngenxa yokudla okungalingani kwama-carbohydrate emzimbeni wowesifazane okhulelwe.
Ingane ene-pathologies efanayo ingahle ibhekane nezimpawu ezilandelayo:
- Usayizi omkhulu nesisindo sengane lapho izalwa;
- Ukusatshwa okungalingani kwamasayizi omzimba - izingalo nemilenze emincane, izisu ezibanzi;
- I-Edema emzimbeni kanye nokuqongelela ngokweqile kwamafutha omzimba;
- Ukuqonda kwezikhumba kwesikhumba;
- Umgudu wokuphefumula okhubazekile;
- Ushukela wegazi ophansi, ushukela wegazi ophakeme, amazinga aphansi we-calcium ne-magnesium.
Isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa kanye nezizathu zokukhula kwaso kwabesifazane abakhulelwe
Owesifazane okhulelwe uhlangabezana nazo zonke izinhlobo zokushintshwa kwama-hormone ngenkathi egqoke ingane, okungaholela ekuphazanyisweni okuhlukahlukene nasekungasebenzi kahle komzimba. Kulezi zigameko, kungenzeka kube nokuncipha kokufakwa kwe ushukela wegazi yizicubu zomzimba ngenxa yokushintsha kwama-hormone, kodwa kusesekuseni kakhulu ukukhuluma ngesifo sikashukela.
Isifo sikashukela sokutholwa kwesisu sivame ukuvela ku-trimester yesithathu yokukhulelwa ngenxa yokungalingani kwama-hormone emzimbeni wowesifazane. Ngalesi sikhathi, ama-pancreas akhulelwe aqala ukukhiqiza i-insulin ephindwe kathathu ukuze kugcinwe izinguquko ezijwayelekile kushukela wegazi. Uma umzimba wowesifazane ungahambisani nevolumu enjalo, owesifazane okhulelwe utholakala ukuthi unesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa.
Iqembu lengozi, njengomthetho, lifaka abesifazane abanezinkomba ezithile zezempilo. Okwamanje, ukuba khona kwazo zonke lezi zimpawu ngeke kuqinisekise ukuthi owesifazane okhulelwe uba nesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa. Akunakwenzeka futhi ukusho ngokuqinisekile ukuthi lesi sifo ngeke sivele kwabesifazane abangenazo izimpawu ezibalwe ngezansi.
Abesifazane abakhulelwe abalandelayo basengozini:
- Ukhuphule isisindo somzimba hhayi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kuphela, kodwa futhi nangaphambilini;
- Lesi sifo sivame ukutholwa kubantu bezizwe ezifana nama-Asia, Latinos, Negroes, baseMelika.
- Abesifazane abane-glucose ephezulu yomchamo;
- Ushukela wegazi ophakeme noma i-prediabetes;
- Abesifazane emndenini wabo kukhona iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela;
- Abesifazane ababeletha okwesibili, lapho kuzalwa umntwana wokuqala kubo;
- Ukuzalwa kwengane efile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kokuqala;
- Abesifazane kutholakala ukuthi banesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kokuqala;
- Abesifazane abakhulelwe abane-polyhydramnios.
Ukuxilongwa kwalesi sifo kubantu besifazane abakhulelwe
Uma kunezimpawu ezithile ezisolisayo zikhonjwa indlela, okokuqala okufanele ukwenze ukubonana nodokotela ozokwenza izivivinyo ezidingekayo bese enza ukuhlolwa, ukuthola ukuthi yiliphi izinga likashukela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, bonke abesifazane abaphethe ingane bangenelwa ekuhlolweni kokuhlolwa okuphoqelekile phakathi kwamasonto angama-24 kuya kokukhulelwa ukuthola isifo sikashukela esikhona. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kuhlolwa igazi kwenziwa ushukela wegazi.
Ngemuva kwalokho, uzodinga ukuphuza amanzi amnandi, lapho kuhlanganiswa khona ama-50 g kashukela. Ngemuva kwemizuzu engu-20, igazi elibuhlungu lithathwa kowesifazane okhulelwe ezimweni zelebhu. Ngakho-ke, imiphumela iqhathaniswa futhi kuvela ukuthi umzimba ubhekana ngokushesha nokugcwele kangakanani kwe-glucose. Uma inkomba etholakalayo ingu-7.7 mmol / l noma ngaphezulu, udokotela uzonikeza ukuhlaziywa okungeziwe esiswini esingenalutho ngemuva kokuba owesifazane okhulelwe engadli amahora amaningi.
Isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa kanye nokwelashwa kwaso
Njengoshukela ojwayelekile, abesifazane abakhulelwe kufanele banamathele emithethweni ethile ukuze bangalimazi umntwana ongakazalwa bona uqobo.
- Njalo ngosuku amahlandla amane ngosuku kuyadingeka ukuthi kwenziwe isivivinyo sezinga le-glucose egazini. Udinga ukulawula esiswini esingenalutho kanye namahora amabili ngemuva kokudla.
- Kubalulekile ukuthatha umchamo njalo ukuze uhlaziywe ukuvikela ukwakheka kwezidumbu ze-ketone kuwo, okukhombisa ukunganakwa kwalesi sifo.
- Abesifazane abakhulelwe banqunyelwe ukudla okukhethekile nokudla okuthile.
- Abesifazane abasesimweni sokuvimbela akufanele bakhohlwe ngokuzivocavoca okukhanyayo nokuqina kwabesifazane abakhulelwe;
- Kubalulekile ukuqapha isisindo sakho futhi uvikele ukuzuza kwesisindo;
- Uma kunesidingo, i-insulin inikezwa abesifazane abakhulelwe ukuze balondoloze umzimba. Abesifazane abasezikhundleni bavunyelwe kuphela le ndlela yokugcwalisa ukuntuleka kwe-insulin kwisifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa.
- Kuyadingeka ukubheka njalo umfutho wegazi futhi ubike lonke ushintsho kudokotela.
Ukudla okunempilo kwesifo
Lapho kutholakala isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa, abesifazane abakhulelwe banqunyelwa ukudla okukhethekile. Ukudla okufanele kuphela kanye nohlu olunamandla okuzosiza ukubhekana nalesi sifo futhi kuthwale ingane ngaphandle kwemiphumela. Okokuqala, abesifazane abasezikhundleni kufanele banakekele isisindo sabo siqu ukuze bandise ukukhiqizwa kwe-insulin.
Okwamanje, ukubulawa yindlala kuyaphulwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthi ingane izitholele zonke izakhamzimba ezidingekayo, inake inani lomsoco lemikhiqizo, kepha yenqabe ukudla okunekhalori ephezulu.
Kunconywe ukuthi abesifazane abakhulelwe balandele imithetho ethile ezosiza ukubhekana nalesi sifo futhi bazizwe bephilile ngokuphelele.
- Kuyadingeka ukudla izingxenye ezincane, kepha kaningi. Isidlo sasekuseni esijwayelekile, isidlo sasemini kanye nesidlo sakusihlwa kanye nokudla okulula kabili kuya kokuthathu. Ekuseni udinga ukudla, amaphesenti angama-45 acebile kuma-carbohydrate. Kusihlwa, udinga futhi ukudla okudla okune-carbohydrate okuqukethwe okungenani kwama-gramu angama-30.
- Kubalulekile ukwenqaba ukudla okunamafutha nokuthosiwe, kanye nokudla, okuqukethe inani elikhulayo lama-carbohydrate angagayeka kalula. Kalula nje, lezi yizo zonke izinhlobo zemikhiqizo kafulawa, ama-roll, ama-muffin, kanye namagilebhisi, ubhanana, amakhiwane, ama-Persimmons, ama-cherries. Izitsha ezinjalo ngemuva kokufakwa egazini zingandisa kakhulu izinkomba ze-glucose yegazi, kuyilapho imikhiqizo enjalo ingekho okunempilo futhi inezinga lekhalori eliphakeme. Ukubhekana ngokuphelele nokusebenza kwabo, udinga inani elikhulu le-insulin. Yisiphi isifo sikashukela esishodayo.
- Nge-toxicosis yasekuseni, kunconywa ukugcina ipuleti enama-crackers anosawoti eduze kombhede. Ngaphambi kokuthi uvuke, kufanele udle amakhukhi, emva kwalokho ungahamba uyogeza ngokuphepha.
- Kuyafaneleka ngokuphelele ukulahla imikhiqizo ekhethekile yokupheka ngokushesha, okuthengiswa ezitolo. Zicutshungulwa ngokushesha futhi zilungiselelwe lapho udinga isidlo esisheshayo. Kodwa-ke, imikhiqizo enjalo inesibonakaliso esandayo somphumela ngemuva kokusetshenziswa kwawo ushukela wegazi, uma uqhathanisa nabalingani bemvelo. Ngalesi sizathu, ungasebenzisi kabi isobho esisheshayo, amazambane aboshwe ngokusobala nezinhlamvu ezihlanganisiwe.
- Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kuyalulekwa ukuthi udle ukudla okuningi okune-fiber-rich ngangokunokwenzeka. Lezi yizithelo ezintsha, imifino, ilayisi, izitsha zokudla okusanhlamvu, isinkwa nokunye. Ukuze ungqongqoze, kufanele udle okungenani amagremu ama-35 we-fiber. Le nto ilusizo kunoma yisiphi abesifazane abakhulelwe, hhayi iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela kuphela. Isikhunta sithuthukisa umsebenzi wamathumbu ngokunciphisa amafutha amaningi noshukela egazini. Futhi, imikhiqizo enjalo iqukethe amaminerali adingekayo namavithamini.
- Amafutha asosiwe akufanele abe ngaphezu kwamaphesenti ayi-10 wokudla okuphelele. Kungcono ukuthi ungafaki ukudla okunamafutha ngokuphelele; awukwazi ukudla amasoseji, ingulube, iwundlu, amasoseji nenyama ebhemayo. Ungangena esikhundleni salolu hlu lwemikhiqizo ngokudla okungenamafutha, kufaka phakathi inkukhu, inyama yenkomo enamafutha amancane, iturkey, nezitsha zenhlanzi. Udinga ukupheka inyama emafutheni emifino, usebenzisa ukupheka, ukubila noma ukubhaka kuhhavini. Isikhumba esinamafutha nesinamafutha kufanele sisuswe ngaphambi kokupheka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, udinga ukulahla amafutha afana ne-margarine, imayonesi, imbewu, ushizi wekhilimu, amantongomane, ukhilimu omuncu.
- Okungenani lilitha elilodwa nohhafu wanoma yiluphi uketshezi ngaphandle kwamagesi kufanele kudakwe.
- Amasaladi wemifino azosiza ukubuyisa inani lamavithamini hhayi ukulimaza impilo. Kunoma isiphi isamba, ungadla utamatisi, ama-radada, ukhukhamba, iklabishi, isaladi, i-zucchini. Ukudla okunjalo kunikezwa kangcono phakathi kwesidlo sasekuseni, isidlo sasemini nesidlo sasebusuku. Ngaphezu kwamasaladi, imifino ingabiliswa.
- Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umzimba kanye ne-fetus lithola inani elanele lamaminerali kanye namavithamini. Kulokhu, udokotela angabeka ukunikezwa kokudla okungeziwe kwama-vitamin complexes afanele abesifazane abakhulelwe. Futhi itiye le-vithamini elivela okhalweni lwe-rose lizosiza ukugcina ukulingana kwamanzi okudingekayo.
Uma ukudla kungasizi ukulawula amazinga kashukela egazini, udokotela uzonikeza umjovo nge-insulin.
Umthelela wesifo ekuzalweni kwengane
Ngemuva kokuzalwa kwengane, isifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa kowesifazane kancane kancane siyanyamalala. Kulesi sifo sikashukela, lesi sifo sikhula ngamaphesenti angama-20 kuphela. Okwamanje, lesi sifo uqobo singaba nemiphumela emibi ekulethweni.
Ngakho-ke, kaningi lapho kudlulelwa ingane ngokweqile, ingane enkulu kakhulu izalwa. Amasayizi amakhulu angadala izinkinga zomsebenzi. Imvamisa udokotela okhulelwe ubeka isigaba secesare. Uma ingane izalwa ngokwemvelo, kunengozi yokulimala ekwakhekeni kwehlombe lengane, ngaphezu kwalokho, izingane zingaba noshukela kamuva.
Ezinganeni ezizalwa omama abane-diagnostic yesifo sikashukela sokukhulelwa, amazinga kashukela egazi cishe ancipha njalo, noma kunjalo, lokhu kushoda kugcwaliswa kancane kancane ngokondla. Uma kunokushoda kobisi lwebele, ingane inqunywa ngokudla ngosizo lokuxuba. Ingane ibhekelwa eduze futhi ushukela wegazi lomntwana ulinganiswa ngaphambi nangemva kokudla ngakunye.
