Njengamanje, izigameko zesifo sikashukela ziphezulu kakhulu futhi zisendaweni yokuqala phakathi kwezifo ze-endocrine. Okubaluleke kakhulu yisifo sikashukela sohlobo lwesibili, esivame ukukhula lapho sikhona ngenxa yokuthi ama-pancreas angagcwalisi ngokuphelele ukusebenza kwawo futhi amangqamuzana akhiqiza i-insulin ayafa kancane kancane.
Esikhathini sikashukela sohlobo lokuqala, i-insulin ayihlanganisiwe nhlobo, futhi uma isiguli siphathwa kahle futhi siqiniseka ukuthobela zonke izincomo zezokwelapha, isimo sakhe sizoba sezingeni elifanele. Futhi uma i-insulin ingakhiqizwanga ngokwanele, kodwa akwaziwa ukuthi kungakanani, khona-ke lesi sifo sinzima kakhulu ukusinyanga, futhi izinkinga zivame ukuvela. Enye yezinto ezimbi kakhulu i-angiopathy yesifo sikashukela ephansi.
Phambilini, odokotela babekholelwa ukuthi imithambo yamaphethelo aphansi ihlala ithinteka kakhulu ngoba i-angiopathy yamaphethelo aphansi iyakhula, kepha kuze kube manje sekutholakele ukuthi ukulimala komlenze kwizifo sikashukela kwenzeka ngenxa yokubhujiswa kwemizwa, okungukuthi, i-polyneuropathy. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izitsha zishintsha cishe ezi-15% zeziguli.
I-Angiopathy yemikhawulo ephansi ingahlukaniswa izingxenye ezimbili:
- I-Diabetesic Microangiopathy - ukulimala emikhunjini ye-microvasculature (imithambo yemithambo yegazi, izinso).
- I-macroangiopathy yesifo sikashukela - imithambo emikhulu yokuhlushwa.
Kwifomu lesibili le-angiopathy, futhi ikakhulukazi ngesifo semithambo yemilenze, kuyasiza ukuhlala ngemininingwane eminingi.
Isifo sonyawo
Ngokusho kwe-morphology, lesi sifo yi-atherossteosis, esithinta imithambo yegazi kushukela, futhi sinezimpawu ezithile:
- - i-lesion inomlingiswa ohlukahlukene;
- - inkambo yalesi sifo iyaqhubeka ngesikhathi;
- - Ungakhula kubantu abasha;
- - Kunzima ukwelapha nge-thrombolytics.
I-atherosulinosis yemikhumbi iholela ekuxhumaneni kwezindonga zemithambo yegazi, bese kuba nokuncipha kwe-lumen yabo (stenosis) kuze kube yilapho sekuqedwe ngokuphelele. Ngenxa yalokhu, izicubu zihlangabezana nendlala yomoya-mpilo, okuholela ekuphazamisweni kwe-metabolic, bese kuvela izimpawu ezithile. Lesi simo sihambisana nezimpawu zobuntu.
Ukuhlukaniswa kuka-Fontaine-Lerish-Pokrovsky
Isigaba I: lesi sifo asymptomatic futhi sinqunywa kusetshenziswa kuphela i-diagnostics yezinsimbi.
Isigaba II: Izimpawu zivele ngendlela yobuhlungu emilenzeni futhi kwesinye isikhathi okhalweni, izinhlungu ezenzeka lapho zihamba ibanga elithile, ukuvezwa kwezimpawu kuqala. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, lapho umuntu eyeka, izimpawu zobuhlungu ziyanyamalala, noma kunjalo, i-angiopathy yesifo sikashukela iba.
Imvamisa, i-angiopathy yemikhawulo engezansi iba kanye ne-neuropathy (ukulimala kohlelo lwezinzwa). Ezimweni ezinjalo, izinhlungu zakudala zingase zingabikho, futhi ezinye izinkomba zifike esikhundleni sazo, umuzwa wokukhathala, ukungajabuli kwenzeka, kumenze umuntu ame.
Isigaba IIA: umuzwa wobuhlungu kwenzeka ebangeni elingamamitha angaphezu kwamakhulu amabili.
Isigaba IIB: izinhlungu ziqala ebangeni elingaphansi kwamamitha amabili.
Isigaba III: Ubuhlungu obukhulu buyaphazamisa ngisho nasekuphumuleni. Kwenzeka lapho isiguli sisendaweni eqondile. Uma umlenze othintekayo wehliselwa phansi, khona-ke ubukhulu bobuhlungu buba buncane, kepha izimpawu azishabalali.
Isigaba VI: ukubukeka kwezilonda ezikhuluphayo, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-gangrene.
Ama-angiopathies emikhawulo engezansi athinta imithambo ye-popliteal kanye namagatsha awo. Lesi sifo siqhubeka ngokuxhamazela, siqhubeka ngokushesha, kwesinye isikhathi siholele ebulilini, bese kuthi isicubu seligi sinqunywe, bese isiguli sikhubazeka.
Izimpawu Nokuxilongwa
Uma isiguli siya esibhedlela, khona-ke udokotela kufanele anake hhayi kuphela izikhalazo nomlando wesifo sikashukela, kodwa futhi nezimpawu ezilandelayo:
- - I-palpation yemithambo yezinyawo ayizwa ukushaya;
- -ukushisa kwendawo kwehlisiwe (ukuba khona kwesimpawu ngakolunye uhlangothi kubalulekile lapho kwenziwa ukuxilongwa);
- - ukuntuleka kwezinwele esikhunjeni somlenze;
- - isikhumba esomile, esinqunyiwe, esinama-cyanotic, unyawo olubomvu;
- - I-Ischemic edema (ezimweni ezinzima).
Ukuxilongwa futhi kwenziwa ngezindlela zensimbi, ezikuvumela ukuthi ucabangele izimpawu:
- - Ukuhlolwa kwe-Dopplerographic kwemithambo (inqubo yokuhlola);
- - ukuskena kwe-duplex ultrasound;
- - I-multispiral tomography;
- - Qhathanisa i-angiography.
Ngezinsuku zakudala, i-rheovasography nayo yayisetshenziswa, kepha manje ayisetshenziswa, ngoba inganikeza imiphumela engamanga, futhi lokhu kuholela ekufundeni ngokweqile kwe-angiopathy. Ngakho-ke, le ndlela ayinconyelwe ukutholwa kwesifo esinjengesifo sikashukela.
Ukwelashwa
Ukwelashwa kwe-angiopathy yesifo sikashukela kuqukethe ukugcinwa okuphoqelekile kwamaphoyinti athile:
- Ukwelashwa kwe-atherosclerosis;
- ukwenqaba ugwayi;
- Ukuletha i-cholesterol ne-glucose yegazi kujwayelekile;
- ukwelashwa kanye nokufinyelelwa kwenani elizinzileyo lomfutho wegazi;
- Ukulawulwa kwesisindo;
-ukuqokwa kwezidakamizwa ezi-vasoactive - andisa ibanga lapho uhamba, kepha kepha angakuthinti ukuqashelwa;
- umthwalo olinganiselayo emilenzeni futhi ugqoke izicathulo ezifanele. Lokhu akunakwenziwa uma isiguli sinezilonda eziyizidudla, ukwelashwa kwabo kuzodingeka lapha;
- ukwelashwa okuhlinzwa;
- uzwela kanye nokwelashwa ku-lumbar;
- Ukuhlinzwa okuphathelene nokuhlinzwa emzimbeni kanye nokwelashwa ngemuva kwabo;
- Ukudlula kanye nokwelashwa kwemithambo yegazi.
Ukuze uzuze amandla ashubile ekwelapheni i-angiopathy, kubalulekile ukunxephezela lesi sifo esiyisisekelo futhi wenze ngokwejwayelekile amaprotheni ne-carbohydrate metabolism. Kulokhu, iziguli zikhethwe ngokwahlukile ekwelashweni nasekudla, zilinganiselwe ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha ezilwane nama-carbohydrate acolisisiwe. Futhi, ngokuya ngesimo sikashukela, ukwelashwa kwe-insulin noma ukwelashwa ngemithi ye-antipyretic kunqunyelwe.
Manje, kaningi, odokotela baphendukela ekwelashweni kokuhlinzwa. Ngokuthuthukiswa kwe-gangrene emanzi nokukhuphuka kokudakwa okwandisiwe, ukunqunywa kuyenziwa.
Ukuvimbela
Abantu abanesifo sikashukela badinga ukuzama ukwenza konke ukuthi isifo sikashukela semithambo yegazi siqale sekwephuzile ngangokunokwenzeka. Udinga ukuqonda ukuthi, ngokunokwenzeka, le nqubo ayinakugwenywa, kepha ungayenza ukuze kungabikho qhubekela phambili futhi kuhambisane nemicimbi engemnandi.
Ukuvimbela lokhu kuhlangana, kufanele ulandele zonke izincomo zokwelashwa ekwelapheni isifo sikashukela, uphuze i-insulin njalo usebenzisa isirinji sabanesifo sikashukela, noma izidakamizwa ezilwa nesifo sikashukela, ulandele ukudla futhi ulawule isisindo somzimba. Uma kunesidingo, phuza ama-thiners wegazi. Kubalulekile ukuqapha njalo izinga le-cholesterol, ngoba ukwanda kwayo kuthuthukisa ukulimala kwemithambo, futhi, ngenxa yalokho, kusondeza ukubhujiswa kwezicubu zomzimba. Kuyadingeka futhi ukulawula umsebenzi wesibindi, ngoba unesibopho sokukhiqizwa kwe-cholesterol kanye ne-glycogen, okusho ukuthi kuthinta isilinganiso sokukhula kwe-angiopathy.
Uma ulandela zonke izincomo, khona-ke ukuqala kwale nkinga kungabambezeleka noma inqubo esele isebenza ingamiswa. Kulokhu, imilenze ngeke ihlupheke, futhi nekhwalithi yempilo yesifo sikashukela izothuthuka kakhulu.
