Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-insulin: imithetho yokulethwa, yokuhlelwa kanye nokujwayelekile

Inani le-insulin egazini lihlala liguquka usuku lonke ekuphenduleni kokufakwa kweglucose emithanjeni. Kwezinye izifo, ibhalansi eyinkimbinkimbi iyaphazamiseka, ukwakheka kwe-hormone kuqala ukwehluka ngezindlela zokuphila. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-insulin kukuvumela ukubona lokhu kuphambuka ngesikhathi.

Kwezinye izimo, ngokwesibonelo, nge-metabolic syndrome, ukuxilongwa okufika ngesikhathi kubaluleke kakhulu, ngoba isiguli sinethuba lokwelapha ukuphazamiseka okungenayo nokuvikela isifo sikashukela. Lokhu kuhlaziywa kukuvumela ukuthi uhlole umsebenzi wamanyikwe, kuyingxenye ebalulekile yezifundo ukuthola imbangela ye-hypoglycemia. Ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela, inani le-insulin yokuzila egazini lisetshenziselwa ukubala inkomba yokumelana ne-insulin.

Izizathu Zokunikeza Ukuhlaziywa

I-insulin yi-hormone eyinhloko ohlelweni oluyinkimbinkimbi lokulawulwa kwe-carbohydrate metabolism. Kukhiqizwa kuma-pancreas ngosizo lwamaseli wohlobo olukhethekile - amaseli we-beta, atholakala eziqhingini zaseLangerhans. I-insulin ikhishwa iye egazini ngokunyuka kokuhlushwa kwe-glucose kuyo. Ivuselela ukuguquguquka kwe-glucose kwezicubu, ngenxa yokuthi izinga lazo esegazini liyancipha, futhi ngemuva kwesikhashana izinga le-hormone liyancipha. Ukuhlola ukukhiqizwa kwe-insulin, igazi lithathwa esiswini esingenalutho, ngemuva kwesikhathi sokudla sesikhathi esithile. Kulesi simo, inani laso kubantu abaphilile lihlala lilingana nalokhu okujwayelekile, futhi noma ikuphi ukuphambuka kuwuphawu lokuphazamiseka kuma-carbohydrate metabolism.

Isifo sikashukela nokucindezela kuzoba yinto yesikhathi esedlule

• Ukwehlela ushukela -95%
• Ukuqedwa kwe-vein thrombosis - 70%
• Ukuqedwa kokushaya kwenhliziyo okuqinile -90%
• Ukuqeda umfutho wegazi ophakeme - 92%
• Ukwanda kwamandla ngesikhathi sosuku, ngcono ukulala ebusuku -97%

Ukuhlaziywa okwenziwe esiswini esingenalutho ezindaweni ezihlinzayo zokubizwa kwezilimo ezihlukene kungabizwa ngokuthi yi-insunoreactive insulin, i-basal insulin, IRI. Yabela emacaleni alandelayo:

• isisindo noma ukulahleka kwesisindo okungenakuchazwa yizimpawu zokudla okunempilo;
• I-hypoglycemia kubantu abangalashwa isifo sikashukela. Bakhonjiswa ngemizwa yendlala enkulu, imilente eqhaqhazelayo, ukozela;
• uma isiguli sinezimpawu ezejwayelekile ze-prediabetes: ukukhuluphala nge-BMI> 30, isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi, ischemia yenhliziyo, isibeletho se-polycystic;
• ezimweni ezingabazekayo, ukucacisa uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela noma ukukhetha uhlobo lokuncoma olukhethiweyo.

Lokho ukuhlolwa kwe-insulin kukhombisa

Ukuhlolwa kwe-insulin kukuvumela:

1. Thola izimila, ezibandakanya amaseli angaveza i-insulin. Kulokhu, i-hormone idedelwa egazini ingalindeleki, ngamanani amakhulu. Ukuhlaziywa akusetshenziselwa ukuthola i-neoplasm kuphela, kodwa futhi nokuhlola impumelelo yokwelashwa kwayo kokuhlinzwa, ukulawula ukubuyela emuva okungenzeka.
2. Ukuhlola ukutholakala kwezicubu kwe-insulin - ukumelana ne-insulin. Kulokhu, kufanele ngesikhathi esifanayo uhlole i-glucose. Ukumelana ne-insulin kuwuphawu lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 nokuphazamiseka okukulandelayo: i-prediabetes kanye ne-metabolic syndrome.
3. Uma kwenzeka kunesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwe-2 isikhathi eside, ukuhlaziya kukhombisa ukuthi ingakanani i-pancreas ekhiqiza nokuthi isiguli sizoba namaphilisi anciphisa ushukela noma uma kufanele kufakwe imijovo ye-insulin. Ukuhlaziywa kwenziwa futhi ngemuva kokwelashwa kwezimo ezinamandla ze-hyperglycemic, lapho isiguli esinesifo sikashukela sidluliselwa kusuka ekuphathweni kwe-insulin kulashwa okuvamile.

Ngokwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, lokhu kuhlaziya akusetshenziswa. Ekuqaleni kwalesi sifo, ama-antibodies akhiqizwayo azophazamisa ukuhunyushwa okuyikho kwemiphumela yako; ngemuva kokuqala kokwelashwa, amalungiselelo e-insulin afanayo ngokuhleleka kwawo nama-hormone abo. Enye indlela engcono kuleli cala yi-C-peptide assay. Le nto yenziwa kanyekanye ne-insulin. Ama-antibodies awaphenduli kuwo, futhi amalungiselelo e-C-peptide insulin awaqukethe.

Nge-musky dystrophy, i-Itsenko-Cushing's syndrome, umsebenzi we-pituitary gland, kanye nezifo zesibindi, kuyadingeka ukuthi kuqashwe njalo ukusebenza kwezitho zonke zomzimba, ngakho-ke, kanye nezinye izifundo, iziguli kufanele zihlolwe njalo nge-insulin.

Ungakuhlaziya kanjani

Inani le-insulin egazini lincike hhayi kuphela kushukela we-glucose, kepha futhi nakwezinye izinto ezimbalwa: ukusebenza ngokomzimba, izidakamizwa ngisho nesimo somuntu somuntu ngokomzwelo. Ukuze imiphumela yokuhlaziya ibe ngethembekile, ukuyilungiselela kudinga ukunakwa kakhulu:

1. Izinsuku ezi-2, khipha ukudla okunamafutha ngokweqile. Akudingekile ukwenqaba ukudla ngenani elijwayelekile lamafutha.
2. Usuku, susa yonke imithwalo eyeqile, hhayi eyomzimba kuphela, kepha futhi neyengqondo. Ukucindezela kosuku olwandulela ukuhlaziywa kuyisizathu sokuhlehlisa ukunikela ngegazi.
3. Usuku aluphuzi utshwala namandla, ungaguquki ekudleni okujwayelekile. Yiyeke okwesikhashana yonke imishanguzo uma lokhu kungayilimazi impilo. Uma ukwesulwa kungenzeki, yazisa isisebenzi eselabhorethri.
4. Amahora ayi-12 ukungadli. Amanzi angatholakali kuphela ngaphandle kwegesi avumelekile ngalesi sikhathi.
5. 3 amahora awubhemi.
6. Imizuzu eyi-15 ngaphambi kokuthatha igazi, hlala uthule noma ulale embhedeni.

Isikhathi esihle sokubhala isivivinyo ngu-8-11 ekuseni. Igazi lithathwa emthanjeni. Ukwenza lula le nqubo ezinganeni ezincane, isigamu sehora ngaphambi kokuqala badinga ukunikeza ingilazi yamanzi yokuphuza.

Imithi ethinta amazinga e-insulin:

I-Decoding nezinkambiso

Njengomphumela wokuhlaziywa, inani le-insulin egazini livezwa amayunithi ahlukene: mkU / ml, mU / l, pmol / l. Ukuzidlulisela kwenye zilula: 1 mU / l = 1 μU / ml = 0.138 pmol / l.

Izindinganiso ezisondele

Amanani ajwayelekile we-insulin ancike kubuchwepheshe bokuhlaziywa, ngakho-ke ezindaweni ezihlukene zaselebhu zingahluka. Ngemuva kokuthola umphumela, kuyadingeka ukugxila kudatha yenkomba enikezwe yilabhorethri, hhayi ezimeni ezifanele.

Insulin ngenhla noma ngaphansi evamile

Ukuntuleka kwe-insulin kuholela ekubulaleni kwamaseli nokwanda kokuxineka koshukela egazini. Umphumela ungaba phansi kancane kunokujwayelekile ngezifo ze-pituitary ne-hypothalamus, ngokuxineka nokukhathala komoya, ngokuzikhandla komzimba okuhlala isikhathi eside kuhlangene nokuntuleka kwama-carbohydrate, izifo ezithathelwanayo futhi ngokushesha emva kwazo.

Ukwehla okukhulu kwe-insulin kukhombisa ukuqala kohlobo lwe-1 yesifo sikashukela noma ukonakala emsebenzini we-pancreatic ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2. I-pancreatitis ye-acute ne-pancreatic necrosis nayo ingaba imbangela.

I-insulin ephakanyisiwe egazini ikhombisa ukuphazamiseka okulandelayo:

• I-mellitus engavikelekile nge-insulin. Lapho lesi sifo siqhubeka, amazinga e-insulin azoncipha, futhi noshukela wegazi uzokwenyuka.
• I-insulinoma isimila esikwazi ukukhiqiza nokukhipha i-insulin ngokwayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, akukho ukuxhumana phakathi kokudla ushukela nokuhlanganiswa kwe-insulin, ngakho-ke i-hypoglycemia iyisibonakaliso esiphoqelekile se-insulinoma.
• Ukumelana ne-insulin enamandla. Lesi yisimo lapho amandla omzimba wokubona i-insulin enobuthakathaka. Ngenxa yalokhu, ushukela awushiyi ukuphuma kwegazi, futhi ipancreas iyaphoqelelwa ukuthi ithuthukise ukwakheka kwe-hormone. Ukumelana ne-insulin kuwuphawu lokuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic, kufaka phakathi izinhlobo ezi-2 zesifo sikashukela. Kuhlobene kakhulu nokukhuluphala: iyakhula njengoba uthola isisindo somzimba, kanti ne-insulin ethe xaxa, isiza ukuhlehlisa fat okusha.
• Izifo ezihambisana nokukhiqizwa ngokweqile kwama-insulin antagonist hormone: Itsenko-Cushing's syndrome noma i-acromegaly. Ngama-acromegaly, i-adenohypophysis ikhiqiza inani elandayo le-hormone yokukhula. I-Itsenko-Cushing's syndrome ihambisana nokukhiqizwa okwandayo kwama-hormone e-adrenal cortex. Lawa ma-hormone enza buthaka isenzo se-insulin, ngakho-ke ukuvela kwawo kuyathuthukiswa.
• Ukuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic metabolic ye-galactose ne-fructose.

Ukweqiwa kwamanga kwamazinga we-insulin kwenzeka ngokulungiselela okungafanele ukuhlaziywa nokulawulwa kwemithi ethile.

Intengo

Izindleko zokuhlaziywa kuma-laboratories ahlukahlukene zisukela kuma-ruble angama-400 kuye kwangama-600. Ukuqoqwa kwegazi kukhokhwa ngokuhlukile; inani layo lifinyelela kuma-ruble ayi-150. Isifundo siqala ngokushesha, ngakho ngosuku olulandelayo lokusebenza ungathola imiphumela yalo.

Okuningi ngesihloko:

>> Ukuhlolwa kwegazi ushukela - ukuthi yini, ungayithatha kanjani futhi uthole imiphumela.