Inani lomchamo umuntu omdala alukhipha ngosuku lisuka ku-1 liye ku-2 amalitha. Uma i-physiology ye-excretion yamanzi ingasebenzi, i-polyuria iyenzeka - ukumbiwa komchamo ngokweqile okuvela emzimbeni.
Njengomthetho, umuntu akanaki ngokwanda okufutshane kwesikhashana kokuphuma komchamo. Kungathintaniswa nokudla okubangelwa uketshezi oluphezulu futhi kungahle kube nomphumela wokususwa kwamanzi ngokweqile ngaphansi kwethonya lokwelashwa, ukudla, ushintsho olungokwemvelo lwamahomoni. Izimbangela ezinkulu kakhulu zingaholela ekutheni i-polyuria iqhubeke isikhathi eside - ukwehluleka kwezinso noma i-pyelonephritis.
Yini i-polyuria
I-Polyuria ayisona isifo, kuwuphawu olungachazwa yizimbangela zomzimba noma umsebenzi wezinso ophazamisekile. Imvamisa, ngosuku, izinso zihluza amalitha ayi-150 omchamo oyinhloko, angu-148 kuwo adonswe egazini ngenxa yomsebenzi wezinso ezinonya. Uma indlela yokuphinda ubambe kabusha iphazamisekile, lokhu kuholela ekuthini ukugeleza komchamo ungene kwesinye.
Isifo sikashukela nokucindezela kuzoba yinto yesikhathi esedlule
- Ukwehlela ushukela -95%
- Ukuqedwa kwe-vein thrombosis - 70%
- Ukuqedwa kokushaya kwenhliziyo okuqinile -90%
- Ukuqeda umfutho wegazi ophakeme - 92%
- Ukwanda kwamandla ngesikhathi sosuku, ngcono ukulala ebusuku -97%
Kumuntu ophile kahle, izinso zisusa amanzi nosawoti ngokweqile, ekugcineni zinikeza ukwakheka okungapheli nenani lamanzi emzimbeni. Umthamo womchamo wakhiwe ngomswakama nosawoti otholakala ekudleni, ususa ukulahleka kwamanzi ngesikhumba ngesimo sokujuluka. Ukudla okwenziwe ngama-Fluid kuhluke kakhulu kubantu abehlukene, futhi futhi kuyehluka kuye ngesikhathi sonyaka, ukudla, nokuzivocavoca umzimba. Ngakho-ke, umngcele oqondile ohlukanisa umchamo omkhulu ngokwejwayelekile awukasungulwa. Imvamisa bakhuluma nge-polyuria. ngokwanda kokuphuma komchamo ngaphezulu kwamalitha ama-3.
Yini imbangela yalesi sifo
I-Polyuria yenzeka ngenxa yezizathu eziningi zomzimba neze-pathological, kungaba yindlela evamile yokusabela komzimba noma umphumela wokuphazamiseka kakhulu kwe-metabolic.
Izimbangela zomzimba ze-polyuria:
- Ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi okubalulekile ngenxa yemikhuba, amasiko amasiko, ukudla okunosawoti ngokweqile. Ukulahleka kwamanzi okudlula kwe-bladder ngosuku kungamalitha ayi-0.5. Uma uphuza amalitha angaphezu kuka-3,5, ukugcwala kosawoti kwezicubu nokuqina kwegazi kuyehla. Lezi zinguquko zingezesikhashana, izinso ngokushesha zifuna ukubuyisa ibhalansi, zisuse inani elikhulu loketshezi. Umchamo okulesi simo uxutshwa, onokwehliswa kwe-osmolarity.
- Inani elikhulu loketshezi oludakayo ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwengqondo. Uma ifinyelela kumalitha ayi-12 ngosuku, i-osmolarity yegazi yehla kakhulu, umzimba uzama ukuqeda umswakama ngazo zonke izindlela ezingakhona, ukuhlanza, ukuhudula kwenzeka. Uma isiguli siphika ukusetshenziswa okuningana kwamanzi, kunokuba nzima ukuthola ukuxilongwa.
- I-intravenous fluid eyanele ngesimo se-saline yemvelo noma yesondlo sabazali kuma-inpatients.
- Ukwelashwa nge-diuretics. Ama-diuretics anqunyelwe ukususa uketshezi ngokweqile, usawoti. Ngokusetshenziswa kwabo, inani lamanzi we-intercellular lehla kancane, i-edema iyanyamalala.
Izimbangela zesifo se-polyuria zifaka ukwanda kwevolumu yomchamo ngenxa yezifo:
- I-mellitus yesifo sikashukela esimaphakathi yenzeka ngemisebenzi yokuphazamiseka kwengqondo noma yesifo se-hypothalamic. Kulokhu, i-polyuria iholela ekunciphiseni ukukhiqizwa kwe-antidiuretic hormone.
- I-Nephrogenic sikashukela i-insipidus ukwephulwa kokucabanga kwe-antidiuretic hormone by nephrons. Njengomthetho, awuphelele, ngakho-ke i-polyuria ehohlokayo ayinakulungiswa, cishe amalitha ayi-3.5.
- Ukuntuleka kwe-potassium kanye nokuningi ngokweqile kwe-calcium ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic noma izici zokudla okunempilo kubangela ukuphambuka okuncane ekusebenzeni kwezinso.
- Isifo sikashukela i-mellitus sinyusa ukuxinana kwegazi ngenxa yokwanda kwe-glucose. Umzimba ufuna ukususa ushukela kanye namanzi nesodium. Izinguquko eziguquguqukayo ze-metabolic zivimbela ukuphinda kuchazwe umchamo oyinhloko. I-Polyuria kwisifo sikashukela ingumphumela wazo zombili lezi zimbangela.
- Isifo sezinso esiholela ekushintsheni kwezinshubhu kanye nokwehluleka kwezinso. Zingabangelwa ukutheleleka kanye nokuvuvukala okulandelayo, ukulimala emikhunjini ekondla izinso, ama-syndromes esifa, ukubuyiselwa kwezicubu zezinso ngezicubu ezihlangene ngenxa ye-lupus noma isifo sikashukela i-mellitus.
Ezinye izidakamizwa nazo zingadala i-pathological polyuria. I-Antifungal amphotericin, i-demeclocycline antibiotic, i-methoxyflurane i-anesthetic, amalungiselelo we-lithium anganciphisa amandla ezinso ukugxilisa umchamo futhi abangele i-polyuria. Ngokusebenzisa isikhathi eside noma umthamo obalulekile owedlulele, lezi zinguquko ziba ezingenakuphikwa.
Ungayibona kanjani inkinga
Umuntu uzizwa enesifiso sokuchama lapho kuqoqwa i-100-200 ml ku-bladder. Bubble ikhishwa izikhathi ezine kuya kwezi-7 ngosuku. Lapho umthamo we-umchamo udlula amalitha ama-3, inani lokuvakasha endlini yangasese likhula laya ku-10 noma ngaphezulu. Izimpawu ze-polyuria ezihlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinsuku ezi-3 ziyisikhathi sokubonana nodokotela, owelaphi noma we-nephrologist. Uma ukuchama kuvama futhi kubuhlungu, kepha kunomchamo omncane, akukho mbuzo we-polyuria. Imvamisa lokhu kungukuvuvukala ohlelweni lwezitho zofuzo, lapho kukhona umgwaqo oqondile oya ku-urologist kanye ne-gynecologist.
Ukubona izimbangela ze-polyuria zivame ukubekelwa:
- I-Urinalysis ngokubalwa kwe-glucose, amaprotheni kanye nokuxinana kwezihlobo. Ukuqina kwabantu kusuka ku-1005 kuya ku-1012 kungaba ngumphumela wanoma iyiphi i-polyuria, ngaphezulu kwe-1012 - isifo sezinso, ngaphansi kwe-1005 - isifo se-nephrogenic sikashukela kanye nezifo zokuzala.
- Hlola ngokusho kweZimnitsky - ukuqoqa wonke umchamo ngosuku, unqume ukuguquguquka kwevolumu yayo nobuningi.
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: inani elandayo le-sodium libonisa ukuphuza okwanele noma ukumiselwa kwe-saline ngokomzimba, ukungezwani kwe-urea nitrogen kubonisa ukwehluleka kwezinso noma umsoco nge-tube, kanti i-creatinine ephezulu ikhombisa ukungasebenzi kahle kwezinso. Inani lama-electrolyte egazini linqunywa: i-potassium ne-calcium.
- Ukuhlolwa kokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni kwembula ukuthi, ezimweni zokuntuleka kwamanzi, amandla ezinso okugxilisa izinguquko zomchamo kanye ne-hormone ye-antidiuretic. Imvamisa, ngemuva kwamahora ama-4 ngaphandle kokusebenzisa amanzi, ukuphuma komchamo kuyancipha futhi nobuningi bawo bukhuphuka.
Futhi, lapho wenza ukuxilongwa, kubhekwa i-anamnesis - imininingwane eningiliziwe ngezimo lapho kwakhiwa khona i-polyuria.
| Isici se-Anamnestic | Imbangela engaba yimbangela ye-polyuria |
| Ukulimala ekhanda, i-neurosurgery | Isifo sikashukela se-Neurogenic |
| Isifo Sendawo | |
| Izimpawu ze-Neurological | |
| Amaconsi, ukudla okungenamsoco | Amanani amaningi kasawoti namanzi |
| Ukubuyiselwa emuva kokulashwa ngokufa kwe-tubule noma ukuphazamiseka kwezinso | I-Excretion kasawoti eqoqwe ngesikhathi sokugula |
| Ukukhuluphala, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, ubudala obukhulile | Isifo sikashukela mellitus |
| Abasondelene nezihlobo sikashukela | |
| Isiphazamiso esithinta i-Bipolar | I-Polyuria ngenxa ye-lithium |
| Inyanga yokuqala yempilo | Isifo sikashukela esenzelwa ifa lokuzalwa |
Ungaselapha kanjani isibonakaliso
Ukwelashwa kwe-polyuria kuyinto ebangelwa kakhulu. Ngokuqedwa kwesifo esidale ukuphazamiseka ezinso, inani lomchamo owenziwe yibo nalo lijwayelekile. Uma ukwelashwa kudingekile isikhathi eside noma izifo zingalapheki, yenza ukwelashwa okuhlose ukuqeda imiphumela ye-polyuria.
Imithi
Ngomchamo, umuntu ubuye alahlekelwe ngama-electrolyte - izixazululo zezakhi zamakhemikhali, sibonga lapho inani elanele lamanzi ligcinwa emzimbeni, ukuvela kwamakhemikhali, izicubu kanye nomsebenzi wezinzwa. Empilweni ejwayelekile, umsoco ofanele usiza ukubuyisela ukulahleka. Nge-polyuria ebalulekile, ingaphuthelwa. Ezimweni ezinjalo, ukudla okukhethekile kanye nokufakwa okufakayo kwezinto ezingekho kunqunyelwe ekwelashweni.
| I-Electrolyte | Ukudla Okuphezulu | Umuthi womlomo | Kusho abalahla |
| Potassium | Izimbali, izithelo ezomisiwe, isipinashi, amantongomane, amazambane | Kalinor, Potassium-Normin, K-fool | Potassium chloride |
| I-calcium | Imikhiqizo yobisi, ikakhulukazi ushizi, isinkwa, i-buckwheat, imifino, amasamu, amantongomane | ICalcium Gluconate, Vitacalcin, Scoralite | ICalcium Chloride, iCalcium Gluconate |
| I-Chlorine | Akunasidingo sokudla okwengeziwe, isidingo esiningi simboziwe ngesikhathi sokudla okujwayelekile | ||
Imvamisa ebusuku i-polyuria isuswa ngokukhawulela ukuphuza nokuthatha ama-diuretics ntambama.
Uma i-polyuria ingumphumela we-insipidus yesifo sikashukela, ama-diuretics avela eqenjini le-thiazide asetshenziselwa ukwelapha. Benza ngcono ukumunca kwamanzi okubucayi ezinsaneni, banciphise i-diuresis cishe ngesigamu, bese beqeda umuzwa wokoma. Ukwelashwa kwezinye izimbangela ze-polyuria, ama-thiazides awasetshenziswa, andisa izinguquko zokuqala ezinso nase-hyperglycemia ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela, zandisa izifo zezinso ezinzima ngokulahleka kwemisebenzi yazo.
I-Polyuria ku-mellitus yesifo sikashukela iphathwa kabili futhi ivinjelwe ngempumelelo ngokugcina izinga le-glucose ejwayelekile, etholakala ngokudla okufika ngesikhathi kwezidakamizwa ezinciphisa ushukela kanye ne-insulin, kanye nokudla okukhethekile.
Amakhambi esintu
Umuthi wendabuko ungasiza kuphela uma imbangela ye-polyuria ivuvukala ezinso, futhi nangaleso sikhathi, inkambo yemithi elwa namagciwane isebenza ngempumelelo enkulu. Ukusetshenziswa kwemithi yesintu kungangeza kuphela enkambisweni eyinhloko yokwelashwa.
Ngokwesiko, i-anise ne-plantain kusetshenziselwa ukuqeda i-polyuria:
- Imbewu ye-anise (1 tbsp) yenziwe kabusha ngengilazi yamanzi abilayo, bese ifakwa ku-thermos. Udinga ukuphuza ukumfaka okunjalo kwesipuni ngaphambi kokudla ngakunye. I-Anise inezinto ezilwa nokuvuvukala, ivuselela umsebenzi wezinso.
- I-Plantain ithathwa njenge-antiseptic, isiza ukubhekana nezinqubo zokuvuvukala emzimbeni. Ukufakwa kwamacembe enziwe ngokulandela iresiphi efanayo ne-anise kudakwa kupuni imizuzu engama-20 ngaphambi kokudla.
Imiphumela engaba khona
Umphumela omkhulu ongemuhle we-polyuria ukukhipha amanzi emzimbeni. Ukudonswa kwemvelo emzimbeni ngenxa yokuntuleka kwamanzi kwenzeka lapho kuphela u-10% woketshezi olahlekile. I-20% ingumkhawulo obucayi ongaholela ekufeni. Ukwehla emzimbeni kungadala ukwehla kwenani legazi elijikelezayo - i-hypovolemia. Igazi liba likhulu, lihamba emithanjeni lihamba kancane, izicubu zizizwa zilambile i-oxygen. Ukungondleki kahle ebuchosheni kubangela ukuqhekeka, ama-hallucinations, i-coma.
Ngokwengeziwe kusihloko:
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